1、 Memory + understanding + methods + perseverance1)否定前缀dis- dishonest, dislikein-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregularne-, n-, none, neither, neverun- unable, unemployment unload, uncoverde-, defend, demodulation(解调)dis-分开,分离, disarm, disconnect2)表示
2、错误的意义male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调), maltreatment, malodormis-, mistake, mislead, misconduct 处理不当,管理不善4)表示相反,相互对立意思anti-, ant-反对,抵抗 antiknock( 抗震), antiforeign ,antibody 抗体counter- counterbalance 使平衡 counter-clockwise 逆时针方向,counter-revolutionary 反革命的 counterclaim 反诉1. de-, 表示 “在下,向下 ” d
3、escend, degrade,declass, decolor2. a-表示“在之上 ”, “向”aboard, aside, abed3. ex-表示“外部,外” export ; 表示“ 先,故,旧”Ex-president, ex-husband, ex-serviceman 退役军人4. in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示 “向内,在内,背于”inland, inside, import5. fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foreground,foredeck 前甲板,forearm ;表示“ 在前面,先前,前面” forward, forecast, f
4、oretell(预言) Memory + understanding + methods + perseverance6. inter-表示“ 在间,相互”international, interaction, internet, interrelate, 7. intro-, 表示“向内,在内,内侧”introduce, introvert 使内向8. medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中,中间”midpoint;表示“中,中间”midnight, midsummer, midday, mid-autumn, middle, medium9. out-, 表示“ 在上面,在外部,在
5、外”outline, outside, outward10. over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向上 ”overlook, overhead, overboard, overpass天桥 overcoat 外套 overall;表示“超过,过度,太”overeat, overdress, oversleep, overhear, 11. under-, 表示“ 在下面,下的”underline, underground, underwater, undergraduate, underestimate;表示“低劣,低下”undersize, under grown 发育不全的, underp
6、roduction(生产不足)12. pre-, 表示“ 在前”在前面”prefix, preface, preposition;表示“ 在前,事先,预先” preheat, prewar, prehistory13. pro-, 表示“ 在前,向前 ”progress, proceed, projector;表示“ 在前,先,前” prologue(序幕) ,prophet(预言家)14. post-, 表示“ 向后,在后边,次”postscript( 附言) ;表示“在后,后”postwar, post-modern, postgraduate, post PhD15. sub-, suc
7、-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“ 在下面,下”subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement;表示“低,次,副,亚”subeditor, subtropical16. trans-, 表示“移上,转上,在那一边”Transportation, translate, transformer, transoceanic17. up-, 表示“向上,向上面,在上”upward, uphold, Memory + understanding + methods + perseverance18. re
8、-, 表示 “再一次,重新”retell, rewrite, revive,rebuild19. hyper- 表示“超过,极度”hypersonic(超声波), hypertension(高血压) hypertext, hypermarket20. super-, sur- 表示“超过”supernatural, superpower, surplus, surpass21. com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共同,一起”connect, combine, collect, combat, coexist, co-operate, coeducation, coh
9、abitation 22. en-, enslave, enable, enrich, enlarge, encage, embed23. a-,向adapt, accord, affix, aggression, arrive, assist, attend, attract, arrange, assign(委派)24. mon-, mono-, uni-,表示“ 单一”monotone,monopoly, monarch,uniform, unicycle25. ambi-, bi-, twi-,表示“二 ambiguous, amphibian(两栖类),bicycle, twilig
10、ht26. centi-,表示“百,百分子一“centimeter, century, percent27. kilo-,表示“ 千,千分子一”kilometer, kilogram28. multi-, poly-,表示“许多,复,多数”multimedia, multiple, multilingual,polysyllable,29. hemi-, semi-, pene-,表示“半,一半” hemisphere, semiconductor, semitransparent,peninsula30. auto-, 表示“自己,独立,自动”automobile, autobiograph
11、y, autopilot 自动驾驶仪31. eu-, 表示“优,美好”eugenics( 优生学) ,euphemism32. macro-, 表示“ 大,宏大” macro economics33. micro-, 表示“微”microscope, micro economics, micro wave Memory + understanding + methods + perseverance34. aud-, 表示“听,声”audience, auditorium, audio , 35. phon-, 表示“声,音调” microphone, telephone, phonolog
12、y 36. vis-, vision, visible, visa, video, view,37. bio-, 表示“生命,生物 ”biography, biology 38. ge-, 表示“地球,大地”geography, geology39. tele-, 表示“远离”television, telephone, telegraph后缀名词后缀表示人的后缀1. -ian, 表示“精通的人” historian, grammarian 2. -arian, 表示“ 派别的人, 主义的人”humanitarian, vegetarian3. ian, 表示信仰.教的人 ,从事职业的人”Ch
13、ristian, physician,musician4. -ician, 表示“精通者”electrician, magician, technician5. -ant,-ent, 表示“者” merchant, agent, servant, student,6. -ar, 表示 “的人 ” scholar, liar7. -ary, 表示 “从事 的人“ secretary, missionary8. -crat, 表示“ 某种政体,主义的支持者“ democrat, bureaucrat9. -ee/er, 表示“动作承受/施动者“ employee/employer, examine
14、e/examiner, interviewee/r, trainee/r, testee/r10. -eer, 表示“ 从事于 人“ engineer, volunteer11. -er, 表示 “从事某种职业的人 , 某地区,地方的人“ banker, observer, Londoner, Memory + understanding + methods + perseverancevillager12. -ese, 表示 “ 国人 ,地方的人”Japanese, Cantonese, chinese 13. -ess, 表示“阴性人称名词, actress, hostess, mana
15、geress14. -ist, 表示“从事研究者,信仰主义者 “ pianist, dentist, artist, chemist, communist biologist, geologist(地质学家)15. -ic, 表示“者,师“ mechanic, critic16. -or, 表示 “者“ author, doctor, operator17. -ster, 表示“做.事情的人”youngster, gamester(赌徒),songster构成具有抽象名词的含义1. -age, 表示“ 状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称“ courage, storage, marriage, 2
16、. -al 表示“事物的动作,过程”refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval表示具体的事物 manual, signal, editorial, journal3. -ance, -ence 表示 “性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” importance, diligence, difference4. -ancy, -ency, 表示“ 性质,状态,行为,过程 “ frequency, urgency, efficiency,5. -bility, 表示“ 动作,性质,状态“ possibility, feasibility,6. -cra
17、ft, 表示“工艺,技巧” woodcraft, handicraft7. -cracy, 表示“统治,支配“ bureaucracy, democracy8. -dom, 表示“等级,领域,状态“ freedom, kingdom, wisdom, newspaperdom9. -ery 表示 “行为,状态,习性 “ bravery, bribery10. -faction, -facture, 表示 “作成,化,作用“ satisfaction, Memory + understanding + methods + perseverance11. -hood, 表示“资格,身份, 年纪,
18、状态“ childhood, manhood, neighborhood 12. -ice, 表示 “行为,性质,状态“ notice, justice, prejudice, service13. -ing, 表示“动作的过程,结果“ building, writing, learning14. -ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示“行为的过程,结果,状况“ action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction15. -ism, 表示“ 制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为“ soc
19、ialism, criticism, heroism, euphemism, sexism, racism, ageism16. -ity, 表示“ 性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability17. -ment, 表示“ 行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument, development18. -ness, 表示“性质,状态,程度“ goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness, carefulness19. -ship, 表示“情况
20、,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” , membership, friendship20. -th, 表示“动作,性质,过程,状态“ depth, wealth, truth, length, growth, width,21. -ure, 表示 “行为,结果 “ exposure, pressure, failure, procedure,带有场所,地方的含义1)-age, 表示“ 住所,地点 “ village, cottage2)-ary, 表示“ 住所,场地 “ library, granary (谷仓)3)-ery, ry, 表示“ 工作场所,饲养所,地点“ laundry, nurs
21、ery, surgery(手术室)4)-ory, 表示“ 工作场所,住处 “ factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory带有学术,科技含义 Memory + understanding + methods + perseverance1)-grapy, 表示 “学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography, pornography, photography2)-ic, ics, 表示 “学法“ logic, mechanics, optics, electronics, linguistics3)-ology, 表示
22、 “学论”biology, zoology, technology, geology4)-nomy, 表示 “学术“ astronomy, economy, bionomy ( 生态学)5)-ery, 表示“ 学科,技术 “, cookery, machinery表示“细小”的含义1. -ette, cigarette2. -let, booklet, bracelet, piglet3. -y, baby, doggy形容词后缀(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, respon
23、sible2)-al, natural, additional, educational3)-an, suburban, republican4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent5)-ar, similar, popular, regular6)-ary, military, voluntary7)-ic, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical,8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine9)-ing, moving, touching, Memory + und
24、erstanding + methods + perseverance10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory13)-less, 表示否定, countless, stainless, wireless, carefulless(2) 表示 “相象,类似”的含义1)-ish, boyish, girlish, childish2)-esque, picturesque3)-like, manlike, childlike4)-l
25、y, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly, friendly5)-some, troublesome, handsome6)-y, milky, pasty(3) 表示 “充分的 ”含义1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various, vigorous(4) 表示由某种物质形成1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen2)-ous, gaseous(5) 表示方向的含义1)-ern, eastern
26、, western, northern, Memory + understanding + methods + perseverance2)-ward, downward, forward, backward, upward, toward动词后缀1)-ize, ise, 表示“做成,变成,化“modernize, mechanize, democratize, nationalize, internationalize2)-en, 表示“使成为,引起,使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden, widen, darken, strengthen3)-fy, 表示“ 使化 , 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, simplify, 4)-ish, 表示“使,令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish, accomplish 5)-ate, 表示“ 成为,处理,作用” separate, operate, indicate副词后缀1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply2)-ways, always, sideways3)-wise, otherwise, clockwise, likewise