1、except ,besides,except for,but 之间的区别及例句这四个介词或者短语都可以表示“除了”的意思。但 except 仅表示“除了”，排除在外，后面可以接 that，what ，when 等引导的从句；而 besides 表示“除了还有” 的意思，表示包含在内；except for 表示“除了”，它引出一个与前面的词相反的原因或者事例；but 的意思与 except 接近，它主要与某些不定代词如 nothing，all，anything， no one，anyone 等连用。例如： “Except for one old lady, the bus was empty.“
2、 公共汽车上要不是坐了一位老太太就是空的。She can do everything except cook.除了做饭之外她什么都会。He had considered everything except the weather.“他什么都想过,唯独没考虑到天气。“I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.“除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。“Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.“除了
3、雨天 ,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。“Besides milk and cheese, we need vegetables.除了牛奶和干酪外，我们还需要蔬菜。Besides football, I like playing basketball and table tennis.除了足球以外，我还喜欢打篮球和乒乓球。No one but me passed the exam yesterday.昨天除了我以外没别人考及格。Nobody but Li Ming talked to Lao Wang today.除了李明，今天没有人跟老王说话。用法习题：1. No one knew Mr B
4、esons address _ his daughter. A. except B. excepts C. only D. besides 2. Do you know any other foreign language _ English? A. except B. but C. beside D. besides 3. I know nothing about the young lady _ she is from Beijing. A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides 析:Key:1. A 2. D 3. C一、excep
5、t 的用法-“排除式“ except 意为“只有除外 ;除去“,后跟名词或代词作宾语,强调从整体中除去部分,即 except 后的部分不包括在整体之内。因此,常和 all, everything, no one, nothing 等词一起使用。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是“同类项“ 。例如: 1. All of them went out for a walk _ John. A. besides B. except C. beside D. excepts 2. Everyone is here _ Xiao Wang and me. A. except B. besides C. bes
6、ide D. excepts 析:Key:1. B 2. A。因除去的与保留的是 “同类项“,且 1、2 题中有信息词All、Everyone。 二、except for/that 的用法-“排除否定式“ except 除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟从句。 (1)except for.是“除了因为;要不是;除去一点外“的意思, 表示“对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法“。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的“排除否定式“ 。其判别标志是: 除去的与保留的“不是同类项“。例如: 1. It was dark in the city _ a few w
7、eak lights. A. except for B. except C. besides D. but for 2. Your composition is very good _ a few spelling mistakes. A. except that B. except for C. besides D. beside 析:Key: 1. A 2. B。因为除去的与保留的“ 不是同类项“,故选 except for。 (2)except that. 也是“除去一点外“ 的意思,但应注意恰当地使用引导词。若从句句意和结构完整,只需用引导词 that。例如: 1. The suit
8、fitted him well _ the colour was a little brighter. A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides 析:Key:B。本题题意为“除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他“,从句 the colour was a little brighter 句意和结构完整,只需用引导词 that,故选 except that。 2. -Can you tell me all about the earthquake? -Sorry,I know nothing about it _ I read i
9、n the newspaper. A. except B. except for C. except what D. except that 析:Key:C。因从句中 read 为及物动词,且其后无宾语, 故选 except what。 3. Mr Green usually goes to work by bus _ it rains. A. besides B. except when C. except what D. beside 析:Key:B。由于 it rains 为从句,故排除 A、D,且 rains 为不及物动词,不需要宾语, 故排除 C。except when 意为“除了当
10、的时候“ 。 (3)except for 与 except that 有时可互相转换。例如: 1. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. =Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes. 2. The village is very quiet except for some birds singing in the woods. =The village is very quiet except
11、 that there are some birds singing in the woods. 三、besides 的用法-“包括式“ besides 相当于 as well as,意为“ 除了以外还有“,即“除去一部分还有另外一部分“ 的意思 ,表示 besides 后面的部分包括在整体之内。例如 : 1. Does John know any other foreign language _ French. A. except B. but C. besides D. beside析:Key:C。由本题中的信息词“any other foreign language“,可知选 besid
12、es。 四、but 的用法-“排除式“ but 是“除了以外“的意思,相当于 except。 (1)but 后也可以接名词或代词作宾语。例如 : 1. They all went to the park _ Mike and me. A. besides B. except for C. but D. beside 析:Key: C。因为 all 是信息词 ,且 they 与 Mike and me 是“同类项“,根据句意应选 C。 (2)but 常与下列词连用:a.否定词 no one, none, nothing 等; b.疑问词 who, what等; c.不定代词 all, every
13、one 等。例如: 1. Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.这个计划只能招灾惹祸,别无益处。 2. Who but Tom would do such a thing?除了汤姆以外还有谁愿意干这种事 ? (3)but 后可接动词不定式。注意 :当 but 前面有实义动词 do 以及其相应形式作谓语动词时,则其后跟不带“to“的动词不定式, 反之加“to“ 。例如: 1. David could do nothing but _ his teacher yesterday afternoon. A. help B. helped C. helping D. to help 析:key:A。do nothing but.后应接动词原形,意为“除做外什么也不做“。 注意:but for 是“要不是;没有“的意思, 常用于虚拟语气。例如: But for your help, I would have failed. 要是没有你的帮助, 我早就失败了。 此外：apart from 也可表示此意，其用法相当与 besides, except for
