1、Unit 5 Inside advertising Period 3 Grammar & Writing 课件（人教版选修9，课标通用）,宾语补足语一、宾语补足语的定义英语中有些动词，除有一个直接宾语之外，再有一个宾语补语才能使句子意思完整，这个补充说明宾语的成分叫宾语补足语。二、宾语补足语的表现形式带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：及物动词宾语宾语补足语。,1名词作宾补动词make，consider，elect，choose，think，find，suppose，believe等常接名词作宾语补足语。They made him captain of the ship.他们选他当了船长。注意：表示独
2、一无二的职务的名词在句中作表语、同位语、补足语时，其前不加冠词。,2形容词作宾补在动词consider，find，believe，think，make，get，leave，set，keep等词后常用形容词作宾补。I consider him honest.我认为他是诚实的。His illness has left him weak.这场病使他身子虚弱。3副词作宾补Show him in.把他领进来。Throw it away.把它扔掉。,4不定式短语作宾补(1)在使役动词make，have，let和感官动词see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear，listen to
3、，look at等动词后接不定式作宾补，省略to，感官动词后省略to的不定式表示做某事的全过程。We felt the house shake.我们感到房子摇动。Let me measure you，sir.我来给你量一量尺寸，先生。注意：在被动结构中，在使役动词和感官动词后作宾补的不定式短语，不能省略不定式符号to。He was made to pay back the money.他被迫还钱。He was seen to enter the room last night.昨晚有人看见他进入了这个房间。,(1)巧记不定式作宾补省略to的动词不定式。作宾补，下列情况省略to：四看，三使役，二
4、听一感，半帮助。若是宾补变主补，to字一定要恢复。感官使役动词用法口诀：感使动词真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪。主动句里to走开，被动句里to回来。动词let要除外，to字永远也不来。,【归纳拓展】,(2)在很多动词后可接不定式作宾补：ask(要求)，want(想要)，invite(邀请)，get(使，让)，force(强迫)，help(帮助)，wish(希望)，like(想要)，expect(期望)，encourage(鼓励)，persuade(说服)，order(命令)，warn(提醒)，tell(告诉)，promise(答应)，remind(提醒)，cause(使得)，prefer(更喜欢)，
5、allow(允许)，permit(允许)，advise(建议)，teach(教)等。Can you try to get them to bring down the price?你能否设法让他们降价？They think that this will help them kick their smoking habit.他们认为这将帮助他们戒掉烟瘾。,(3)在think，consider，believe，suppose，feel，find，imagine，prove等动词的宾语后面可以带to be结构，to be可省略。如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，常用不定式的完成式。此外，这些动词也
6、常用作被动语态后接不定式作主补。They found the answer to be quite satisfactory.他们对答复感到满意。We considered him to have acted excellently.我们都认为他干得很出色。,(4)在某些动词短语后面，也常接不定式作宾补。如wait for，depend on，call on(号召)等。You cant depend on him to come.你不能指望他会来。,5现在分词作宾补表示感觉的动词see，hear，feel，notice，watch，look at，listen to，smell以及表示“使，让
7、”的动词have，get(使)，keep(使)，send(使)，set(使)，find(发觉)，catch(撞见)等动词后常接现在分词作宾补。Ill soon get your car going again.我很快就会使你的车重新开动起来。The farmer caught a man stealing his apples.那个农民发现有人偷他的苹果。,【温馨提示】复合宾语中用不定式作宾补，表示动作发生了，指事情的全过程；现在分词表示动作正在进行。常用动词有：see，hear，watch，notice，observe，look at，listen to，feel等。I saw her cr
8、oss the road last night.昨晚我看见她从这条马路上过去了。I saw her crossing the road.我看见她正在过马路。,6过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补，宾语与过去分词为被动关系，表示被动意义和完成意义。及物动词的过去分词作补语表示被动完成意义；而不及物动词的过去分词作补语只表完成。补语说明宾语所处的状态。(1)使役动词keep，have，leave，get，make后常接过去分词作补语。He raised his voice in order to make himself heard by the audience.他提高了声音，为了能让观众听到。We
9、mustnt leave the work unfinished.我们不能让工作半途而废。,注意：have sth done表示让别人(为自己)做某事或句子主语遭遇了某种不幸。I must have my hair cut.我该理发了。I had my purse stolen on the bus yesterday.昨天在公共汽车上，我的钱包被偷了。,(2)表示感官和心理状态的动词如：see，hear，feel，watch，notice，observe，look at，listen to，find可接复合宾语，过去分词作宾补。及物动词的过去分词表被动完成，不及物动词的过去分词只表完成。Sh
10、e felt her arm touched.她感觉胳膊被碰了一下。They found the house broken into the next morning.第二天一大早他们发现那房子被撬了。,With a lot of work to do，we had to be busy doing things day and night.有这么多的工作要做，我们只得日夜忙碌。She said goodbye with tears in her eyes.她含着泪水说再见。Dont sleep with the windows open.不要开窗睡觉。The boy was swimming
11、 in the river with nothing on.那男孩光着身子在河里游泳。The thief ran down the road with a dog running after him.那小偷顺着大道跑，后面有一条狗在追他。With the work finished，they hurried back home for lunch.所有的工作都做完了，他们匆忙回家吃午饭。,.完成句子1Who will help_ _ _ _ _(为你写这篇报告)?2She is said_ _ _ _ _ _ _(结婚40年了)3_ _ _ _(作业做完了)，he went out.4We o
12、ften tell the boys_ _ _ _ _ _ _(不要在街上踢足球)5He noticed a man_(出去了)答案1.write the report for you2.to have been married for 40 years3.With his homework done4.not to play football in the street5.out,.翻译句子1即使在冬天，他也常常开着窗户睡觉。_2我们叫他老王。_3我们必须使教室保持干净。_4她建议我每天收听英语节目。_5我醒来时发现自己在公园里。_,答案1.He usually sleeps with th
13、e windows open even in winter.2We call him Lao Wang.3We must keep our classroom clean.4She advises me to listen to the English program every day.5I found myself in the park when I woke up.,发表观点类在众多写作体裁中，发表观点类作文题是最能体现考生思维能力的写作方式。它旨在考查考生运用所学英语语言知识和技能来发表自己的观点，进行书面交际的能力，要求考生写出内容丰富、语言正确、表达流畅、体现一定思维能力的文章。
14、发表观点类书面表达题与其它体载的写作方式的不同之处在于它的写作目的是从心理上或道德上，尽力使人相信某种道理或假设，引领读者朝着自己的观点方向前行。,【写作任务】近期一些明星移民，如巩俐移民新加坡，让人们再次开始关注明星移民问题。有的人认为移民就是对自己国家的一种背叛，热爱自己的国家是一种美德。另外一些人则认为移民者肯定有自己的原因，移民可以促进个人事业的发展，在全球化的今天，这没有什么值得大惊小怪的，只要他们有一颗爱国的心就够了，这样或许还能促进不同文化之间的交流。请选择一种观点加以简单陈述，并发表自己的看法。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当添加细节。,【写作分析】在写作本文时，我们要做到
15、观点明确，论据充实，组织论述合理而流畅。首先是如何明确自己的观点。要认真分析题目中所提供的背景，审题时要注意综合分析题目中的信息，作为确立自己观点展开论述的基础。其次，明确观点后就需要我们围绕这一中心，以充实的论据展开论述，这期间也可加入记叙和描写为观点提供依据。在论据的种类方面，一方面我们可以用能反映事物本质的典型事实作为论据，通过摆事实，举事例来证明观点；另一方面，我们也可以使用道理论据，用现实生活中大家普遍公认的道理充实论据，也可以用名言、警句、典故等作论据。,再者，为了使文章能够清楚、连贯，我们可以运用多种方法合理组织论述。常用的论述方法如下：(1)举例归纳法：从分析典型入手，找出事物
16、的特征，然后总结自己的结论；(2)推理分析法：从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明，而后发表自己的看法；(3)对照比较法：将正反两方面相互对照，并加以分析， 肯定或推翻其中某一说法来证明自己的观点；(4)批驳反证法：先列出错误观点，再逐条批驳，最后给出自己所肯定的说法。,【范文欣赏】Recently some stars have changed their nationalities, for example, Gong Li took the Singaporean nationality, which arouses great arguments.Some hold the opinio
17、n that any person has the right to change their nationalities. Firstly, so long as he or she acts well and respects art, emigration to foreign countries may lead them to further development. Secondly, living in the time of globalization, it is common for people to take foreign nationalities. In addi
18、tion, they will play an important role in culture exchange between China and the rest of the world.,In my opinion, we should understand and respect their choices.What really counts is that they hold a devoted heart for our motherland, no matter where they settle.,【学生作品】Recently, Gong Li and some oth
19、er stars have changed their nationality. Different people have different opinions.Some think that everybody can change their nationalities.Because as a star, if he or she acts well, its enough. And when they live in a foreign country, they can take Chinese culture there.In my opinion, we cant stop stars doing this. Instead, we should respect their choices. As long as they love their rootsChina, it isnt important for them to live in other countries.,【名师点津】本文要点残缺，比如漏掉了“热爱自己的国家是一种美德”等观点。而且，文章使用简单句较多，条理不够清晰。虽然论点明确，但句子结构松散，论述不十分得力。,
