1、 / 101必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists核心单词1. characteristicn.特色 ；特性；典型adj.特有的 ，表示特性的；典型的Kindness is one of his characteristics.和善是他的特性之一。A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen
2、 at its best when he worked with others. （201001山东德州检测）A. Characteristic B. characterC. Appearance D. temper 解析:选B。句意为：他证明自己是个真正的绅士 ，和别人一起工作的时候 ，他的性格总表现出最好的一面。character作名词时，表示“性格；特点”，一般是不可数名词；characteristic是可数名词，常用复数形式，表示“总的特点 ”。易混辨析character/characteristic character n.性格，品质（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字体，字符charac
3、teristic n. 特点，特征（用以区别于其他事物的）高手过招 单项填空2. defeat vt.击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。He was defeated in his plan.他的计划失败了。易混辨析defeat/conquer/overcome三个词都含有“战胜”、“击败”的意思。 defeat指 “赢得胜利 ”，尤其指军事上的胜利，如：defeat the enemy(打败敌人)。conquer指“征服 ;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer na
4、ture（征服自然）。overcome指 “战胜；压倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”，如：overcome difficulties（克服困难）。defeat/beat/win defeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜, 打败( 对手)”, 后接竞争对手。如： beat the competitor/the country/the team .打败对手/国家/ 团队 win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/fr
5、iendship/reward .赢得比赛/战役/ 战争/奖学金/ 奖品/奖章/成功/友谊/ 奖赏高手过招 选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win） （原创）By not working hard enough you your own purpose.Some countries may be but can never be .Who is the drum?He the first prize in the writing contest.答案:defeated defeated; conqueredbeating won3. attend v. 注意；留意；处理( 与
6、to连用)=do with；出席；到场；照看；照料=take care=look after常用结构：attend school/college 上学/上大学attend a lecture/meeting 听讲座/ 出席会议attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚礼/ 参加典礼attendance n. 出席；出席的人数；伺候；照料Well attend to the problem later. 稍后我们将关注这个问题。Which doctor is attending you? 哪个医生为你看病?高手过招翻译句子 （原创）他们在我们不在时管理事务。他在这个领域很出名，今
7、晚会有成千上万的敬仰者参加他的讲座。答案：They attended our affairs during our absence.He is famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.4. exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光，常与介词to 连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等）；受到风险；使面临”。常用结构：expose sth./sb./oneself (to .) 显露或暴露于be exposed to 暴露于Dont expose it to the
8、rain/wind.别让它被雨淋/风吹。The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemys fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。 高手过招 用expose的适当形式填空（原创）In summer, the sun can be very harmful to your skin.The soil was washed away by the
9、 flood, bare rock. 答案: being exposed to exposing / 1035. curevt. through B. reason; intoC. cause; through D. cause; into解析: 选D。考查短语辨析。 look out向外看；look into 调查；look at看；look over从上看过去。选D。cause 的意思是“起因 ”；look into的意思是“调查”。11. apart from除之外；脱离开；此外Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.除了少
10、数的几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师。Apart from being too large, the trousers dont suit me.除了太长，这条裤子的款式也不适合我。There can be no knowledge apart from practice.没有知识能脱离实践。易混辨析apart from/except for/except/besides/but for/in addition to/except thatapart from表示“除外（别无）”时相当于besides和except for,但apart from还有“除以外（还） ”之意。另外，apart f
11、rom, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。except“除”（不包括其后的宾语），besides“除了还”（包括其后的宾语）。另外，besides还可以作副词,表示“并且，而且”。but for表示“如果不是由于”之意（=If it were not for.或If it had not been for.）。in addition to 相当于besides，表示“除之外，还有”（包括除去内容在内）。except that后面跟句子，用来表示理由或细节。高手过招（1）单项填空English, the speaker also has a good command of
12、Russian and French. （201001河北石家庄检测）A. Except B. Except forC. Beside D. Apart from （2）用apart from/except for/except/except that/besides填空 （原创）We go there every day Monday.He is a good man his bad temper.Your article is good there are some spelling mistakes. the cost, it will take a lot of time. that,
13、 everything goes well.(1)解析:选D 。 apart from相当于 besides，意思是“除 外，还有”。except表示“除，不包括在内”，从后面的also看，应用besides或apart from。(2)except except for/apart fromexcept that Apart from/BesidesApart from/Except for12. make sense讲得通；有道理；有意义(反义词组 make no sense)Your story doesnt make sense to me.你编的故事我听不明白。It makes go
14、od sense to take good care of your health.照顾好你的身体是明智的。联想拓展lose/recover ones sense=be out of ones sense失去/恢复知觉;丧失/恢复理智bring sb. to ones sense 使某人苏醒过来come to ones sense 苏醒过来make sense of 理解；明白make no sense 没有道理；没有意义in a/one sense 从某种意义来说in all sense 从任何意义上说in no sense 绝不是；绝非There is no sense in doing
15、sth.做某事没有道理。高手过招单项填空What he says makes no to her.（201001 山东济南模块检测）A. Care B. senseC. Interest D. meaningThe poem is hard to understand. Can you make of this poem? （201001辽宁大连检测）A. Idea B. knowledgeC. Sense D. Understanding解析: 选B。make sense为固定搭配，意思是“起作用 ，有意义”。选C。make sense of sth.“理解或弄懂困难的或无法理解的事物”。另
16、外，sense还可作动词，意为“意识到(某事物)；感觉到”。重点句型13. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次暴发（霍乱）时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。本句是一个复合句，every time引导的是一个时间状语从句，意思是“每当”，相当于“when”。另外，此状语从句中还有一个“there be”结构。So many thousands of terrified people died是主句。/ 109联想拓展类似的时间状语归纳：each time每次；每当 at the
17、time在那个时候；（当）的时候 any/next/the first/the last time意为“任何/下一次/ 第一次/最后一次”。the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等都可以引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。She went to see him directly she got the letter.她一收到信就去看他了。Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.一吃完饭他就把收音机打开了。
18、She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一听说发生了事故，就立刻赶到了现场。The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。高手过招（1）单项填空She said to me, “Ill tell you the result of test I know it.” （201001 陕西师大附中检测）A. Because B. the momentC. After D. though （2）同义句转换 （原创）I
19、gave Mary the money when I saw her.I gave Mary the money I saw her.解析： （1）选B。the moment意为“一就”，相当于as soon as。类似用法的连词还有: the minute/instant; instantly/immediately/directly等。(2)the minute/the moment14. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it .他把太阳固定在太阳系的中
20、心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转此句中“with+宾语+宾语补足语(v. ing/v. ed/to do/adj./adv./prep. phrases)”构成的复合结构在句中常用作状语，表示方式，原因或条件等。With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest.在这位老人的带领下，我们开始向森林进发。She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face.她不停地奔跑，汗珠顺着脸颊流下来。高手过招翻译句子老师微笑着走进教室，身后跟着一群小朋友。随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了。答案：With a group of children following, the teacher came into the classroom with smile.With the test finished, we began our holiday.
