1、课前导学读课文，找出下列短语1._ _ _下蛋 6._阻止; 制止2. _ _挡住( 光线) 7. _ _产生; 分娩3. _ _感到高兴; 感到振奋 8. _ _及时4. _ _突发; 爆发 9. _ _轮到某人; 接着5. _密切注视; 当心; 提防 10. _ _既然课堂导析1._宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次爆炸将物质投射到四面八方。*to begin with = to start with 以开始；由作为开头；首先典例To begin/start with, I couldn t understand a single word. 起初，我一句也没弄明白。重点用法begin/start
2、 with 从开始 begin/start sth with 从开始 练习 根据句子的意思完成句子。1). He _ his speech _ a poem. 2). His speech _ _ a poem.3). _ _ _, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.2. violent adj. 猛烈的,激烈的;强暴的(P25)He was caught in a violent storm yesterday. 他昨天碰上了狂风暴雨。Children should not be allowed t
3、o watch violent movies. 不应允许儿童看暴力电影。Whatever happens , we will never use violence. 无论发生什么,我们决不会使用暴力。Youd better not shut the window violently/with violence. 你最好不要猛关窗户。助记：Tom was _ in pain. As a result, he behaved _ and treated everything with_. (汤姆处于极度痛苦之中，因此他表示得很粗暴，一切都以暴力对待。)用 violent 的正确形式填空 Her b
4、rother died a _ death. The wind blew with great _ . They often argue with each other, sometimes _ . 3. _.它（地球）猛烈地爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石。*explode vi.爆炸；激增；爆发 vt.使爆炸；驳倒 explode with sthThe boss _when he saw the sales report.老板看了销售额报告后勃然大怒。The speakers mistake was so funny that the audience_那位演说者的错误如此可笑,以致听众哄然大笑。*
5、 loudly / loud / aloud【解释】loudly adv 响亮地，高声地 loud adj/adv 与 sing, speak, talk 连用aloud adv 相对默读而言；出声【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). Will you please speak _? 2). It is good for you to read English _ every morning. 3). The bomb exploded _.4). Is her voice _ enough ?5). Action speaks _ than words (事实胜于雄辩). 4.
6、 in time 及时 ,终于【原句】 _ _ (P25)(烈火和岩石相互作用)最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气及其他气体 ,这些物质后来变成了地球大She will be back in time to prepare dinner. = She will be back in time for the preparations for dinner. 她来得及回来准备晚饭。Ill see him in time. 总有一天我会遇见他。气。根据汉语提示思考并写出下列与 time 有关的短语。【思考提示】1. 永不 2. 立刻,马上3. 一直,始终 4 同时;然而5. 提前 7. 偶尔,间或 8.
7、曾经,一度have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很 It s (high/about) time that sb. did/ should do sth. 是做某事的时候了 完成句子他们及时让自己熟悉了这个陌生的国度。They were to make themselves_ the foreign country.他在事故中严重受伤,但幸运的是, 医生及时赶来了。He got seriously injured in the traffic accident, but fortunately, the doctor . 5. unlike
8、prep. 不同; 不像 【原句】 _(P26) 在火星等其他行星上也出现了水,但不像在地球上一样,这些水后来消失了。Unlike her brother, she is diligent. 和她哥哥不同,她很用功。Music is quite unlike any other art form. 音乐与其他艺术形式迥然不同。They are _她们如此不同,以至于没人相信她们是姐妹。Its_. 连招呼都不打,这可不像是你(的作风)。I dislike being talked about. 我不喜欢被谈论。He is unlike his brother who is very lazy.
9、他不像他懒惰的哥哥。用 unlikely/ likely/ unlike/ like 填空Its him to be so hard-working. A tsunami, a big earthquake, can do great damage to human beings. John is to be in London this autumn. Since their parents strongly disagree, they are to marry. 6. harmful adj. 有害的【原句】 (P26)很多科学家相信,由于地球上长期有水存在,使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物
10、质溶解在海洋里。Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children. 你吸烟会危及孩子的健康。The sun can be harmful to your skin. 阳光会对你的皮肤造成伤害。No cigarette is completely harmless. 没有无害的香烟。完成句子Many lifestyle patterns (如此伤害) health that they actually speed up the weakening of the human body. The medicine (对 是无害的)c
11、hildren under 3. 7. lay eggs 下蛋【原句】 (P26)它们一般通过产卵来生幼仔。Most fish reproduce themselves by laying eggs. 大多数鱼靠产卵繁殖。The duck laid ten eggs this month. 这只鸭子这个月下了十个蛋。思考并写出动词 lay(放置;产卵;下蛋),lie( 撒谎;躺,位于)的过去式 ,过去分词及现在分词形式。【思考提示】 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词lay 放置，产卵，下蛋 vt.lie 撒谎 vi.lie 躺，位于 vi.完成句子 This plant (解雇)4, 000
12、workers last year. She (躺下) and had a little rest. 8. exist vi. 存在; 生存【原句】 _ (P26) 它们也生蛋,在地球上存在了 14 000 多万年。It was impossible for them to_. 他们靠这么点收入生存是不可能的。The earth exists in the universe. 地球存在于宇宙之中。There existed dinosaurs on the earth a long time ago. 很久以前地球上存在着恐龙。The plant is the oldest in existe
13、nce. 这种植物是现存最古老的。完成句子靠他挣的那点钱他们无法生活。They cant the money hes earning. 没有食物和水我们无法生存。We without food or water. 农业方面也存在问题。Problems also agriculture. 9. in ones turn 轮到某人; 接着(P26)David should answer the question in his turn. 该大卫回答问题了。All theories are from practice and in turn serve practice. 所有的理论都来源于实践,并
14、反过来为实践服务。We kept watching by turns. 我们轮流监视。It is my turn to clean the classroom this week. 这周轮到我打扫教室了。填入恰当的有关 turn 的短语那些女孩逐一报名。The girls called out their names . 我们轮流读这首诗。We read the poem . 我们轮流做家务。We do the housework. 轮到他发言了。Its make a speech. 10. prevent. . . from 阻止;制止【原句】 (P26)它们把太多的二氧化碳排放到大气层中,
15、这就使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中去。The heavy rain kept the soldiers from crossing the river. 大雨使得战士们无法 过河。They were stopped/ prevented from entering the burning building. 他们被拦在了燃烧着的大楼外面。Soldiers have been sent to protect aid workers against attack. 已经派出士兵保护援助工作人员免遭袭击。填入恰当的动词她用手挡住阳光以保护眼睛。She_ with her hand. 谁也不能阻止这
16、个计划的实施。No one can_ being carried out. 11. puzzle n. 谜;难题 vt. (使)为难【原句】_(P27)地球上的生命是如何起源的是科学家们最难解答的问题之一。What puzzled me was why they didnt take his advice. 他们为何不接受他的忠告,这使我大惑不解。It is still a puzzle to us why he did that. 他为什么那样做对我们来说仍是个谜。Im _as to what to do next. 对于下一步该做什么我也不知道。This is one of _. 这是十分
17、令人迷惑的问题之一。The student _what to do next. 这个学生对下一步做什么伤透了脑筋。完成句子他们为什么做那件事仍然让我费解。Their reason for doing it is still to me. 为了安置你, 我们苦思了两个月。We where to put you for two months. 1. _until between 4. 5 and 3. 8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. (P25)直到 45 亿38 亿年前,这团尘埃逐渐稳定下来变成了固态的球体
18、,它将成为什么仍然不得而知。此句为_复合句。what 引导的从句在句中作_,what 在从句中充当动词 become 的_ 。when 引导_ 从句,when 在从句中充当_。其中主语从句中 was to become 是“be+不定式”结构,在句中表示将要发生的动作。When are they to hand in their plan? 他们什么时候上交计划?She is to be honored for this great work. 她一定会因这项伟大的工作而被授予荣誉的。完成句子 The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands t
19、o believe that (将要发财了). With many years hard work, you are (会实现你梦想的). 2. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. (P25)地球变得激烈动荡,不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。这是一个主从复合句,so. . . that. . . “如此以至于”,that 引导结果状语从句,在结果状语从句中 it 作形式主语, whether. . . or not 为一个从句,在状语从句中作真正的主语
20、。It is not clear+从句意为“ 不知道 ;不清楚”。完成句子不知道他为什么没有来参加会议。he didnt come to the meeting. 这些树能否生存下来还不清楚。the trees can survive or not. 3. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water. (P26)另一些,被称作两栖动物,既可以生活在水中,也能生活在陆地上。called amphibians 为过去分词短语在此相当于一个 which 引导的非限制性定语从句, 即 whic
21、h were called amphibians,此处动词 call 与其所修饰词之间为_ 关系,故用过去分词形式。完成句子She took out some books (从图书馆借的). The baby got its name (根据命名)its grandfather. 4. So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved. (P26)所以在未来的数百万年中,生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个
22、问题能否得到解决。此句为主从复合句。whether 引导了两个名词性从句,分别在句中作 _及_。Whether they come or not is all the same to me. 他们来不来对我来说都一样。She was uncertain about whether she should accept his offer. 她拿不准是否应该接受他的好意。完成句子 (他是走还是留 ), I really dont care. (会不会下雨 ) tomorrow is uncertain. 12. give birth to 产生; 分娩 【原句】 These animals wer
23、e different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. (P26) 这些动物与以前所有的生命形式有所不同,因为它们直接生幼仔并产奶来喂养这些幼仔。It was the study of history that gave birth to the social science. 对历史的研究孕育了社会科学。Jackson was said to be a black man by birth. 据说杰克逊生
24、来就是黑人。He felt it was like a second birth after he survived the serious accident. 严重事故生还之后,他觉得像是新生了一样。填入正确的介词 Mrs White gave birth a fine healthy baby at her late thirties. The baby weighed seven pounds birth. He is a musician birth. 13. chain n. 链子; 连锁; 锁链(P26)Keep the dog on a chain. 把狗拴在链子上。He own
25、s many chain hotels. 他拥有多家连锁旅馆。Because he was caught robbing the bank, he is now in chains. 由于被发现抢银行,他现在被囚禁了。The dog was chained up for the night. 夜间那条狗被链子拴起来了。完成句子我们镇发生了一连串的变化。have taken place in our town. 伦敦的连锁店提供各种商品,且价格低廉。offer a wide variety of goods and their prices are low. 那些门总是用锁链锁着。The doo
26、rs were always locked and . .课文佳句背诵与仿写1【 原句】What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 模仿要点 句子结构： what主语从句is till +时间名词定语从句【模仿 1】他要给我什么礼物一直不知，直到昨天下文他来看我是我才知道。_ What gift he would give me was uncertain until yesterday afte
27、rnoon when he came to see us. 【模仿 2】没人知道我们将要得到什么样的工作，直到 3 年后我们从大学毕业以后才知道。_What jobs we will get is unknown until 3 years later when we will graduate from university. 2【 原句】What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. 模仿要点 句子结构: 主语从句 is that 表语从句【模仿 1】他想告诉我们的是一天下文当他在回家的路上看见一只小鸟受伤了。_What he wanted to tell us is that one afternoon when he was on his way home he saw a bird which was dying.【模仿 2】他缺席的原因是他在上学时被一辆小车撞伤了。_Why he was absent is that he was badly hurt by a car when he went to school.
