1、新人教版英语高三选修 9：Unit 1 学案一【词汇学习】 Unit 1 Breaking recordsWords and expressions from Unit 1 Breaking recordsapproximate adj. (abbr. approx) almost correct or accurate, but not completely so: an approximate number / total / cost The cost given is only approximate. Use these figures as an approximate guide
2、 in your calculations. conventional adj. 1. (often disapproving) tending to follow what is done or considered acceptable by society in general; normal and ordinary, and perhaps not very interesting: conventional behaviour / morality Shes very conventional in her views. 2. usually before noun followi
3、ng what is traditional or the way sth has been done for a long time: conventional methods / approaches Its not a hotel, in the conventional sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel. 3. usually before noun (especially of weapons) not nuclear: conventional forces / weapons A conventional
4、war would still cause unacceptable devastation. a conventional power station (= using oil or coal as fuel, rather than nuclear power)laughter noun U the act or sound of laughing: to roar with laughter tears/gales / peals / shrieks of laughter to burst / dissolve into laughter a house full of laughte
5、r (= with a happy atmosphere) He gave a snort of derisive laughter.reality noun (pl. -ies) 1. U the true situation and the problems that actually exist in life, in contrast to how you would like life to be: She refuses to face reality. Youre out of touch with reality. The reality is that there is no
6、t enough money to pay for this project. They seemed to have the perfect marriage but the reality was very different. 2. C a thing that is actually experienced or seen, in contrast to what people might imagine: the harsh realities of life This decision reflects the realities of the political situatio
7、n. The paperless office is still far from being a reality. Will time travel ever become a reality? adjustment noun C, U 1. a small change made to sth in order to correct or improve it: Ive made a few adjustments to the design. Some adjustment of the lens may be necessary.2. a change in the way a per
8、son behaves or thinks: She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.tough adj. (tougher, toughest) DIFFICULT1. having or causing problems or difficulties: a tough childhood It was a tough decision to make. Shes been having a tough time of it (= a lot of problems) lat
9、ely. He faces the toughest test of his leadership so far. It can be tough trying to juggle a career and a family.STRICT / FIRM2. (on / with sb/sth) demanding that particular rules be obeyed and showing a lack of sympathy for any problems or suffering that this may cause: Dont be too tough on himhe w
10、as only trying to help. Its about time teachers started to get tough with bullies. The school takes a tough line on (= punishes severely) cheating. Local traders are calling for tougher action against vandals. STRONG3. strong enough to deal successfully with difficult conditions or situations: a tou
11、gh breed of cattle Hes not tough enough for a career in sales. Shes a tough cookie / customer (= sb who knows what they want and is not easily influenced by other people).4. (of a person) physically strong and likely to be violent: You think youre so tough, dont you? He plays the tough guy in the mo
12、vie.MEAT5. difficult to cut or chewNOT EASILY DAMAGED6. not easily cut, broken, torn, etc.: a tough pair of shoes The reptiles skin is tough and scaly.UNFORTUNATE7 (on sb) (informal) unfortunate for sb in a way that seems unfair: It was tough on her being dropped from the team like that. (ironic) I
13、cant get it finished in time. Tough! (= I dont feel sorry about it.)extreme adj.1. usually before noun very great in degree: We are working under extreme pressure at the moment. people living in extreme poverty Im having extreme difficulty in not losing my temper with her. The heat in the desert was
14、 extreme.2. not ordinary or usual; serious or severe: Children will be removed from their parents only in extreme circumstances. Dont go doing anything extreme like leaving the country. It was the most extreme example of cruelty to animals I had ever seen. extreme weather conditions 3. (of people, p
15、olitical organizations, opinions, etc.) far from what most people consider to be normal, reasonable or acceptable: extreme left-wing / right-wing views an extreme nationalist organization Their ideas are too extreme for me. 4. only before noun as far as possible from the centre, the beginning or in
16、the direction mentioned: Kerry is in the extreme west of Ireland. She sat on the extreme edge of her seat. politicians on the extreme left of the partynoun1. a feeling, situation, way of behaving, etc. that is as different as possible from another or is opposite to it: extremes of love and hate He u
17、sed to be very shy, but now hes gone to the opposite extreme (= changed from one extreme kind of behaviour to another). 2. the greatest or highest degree of sth: extremes of cold, wind or rain the climatic extremes of the mountains go, etc. to extremes | take sth to extremes to act or be forced to a
18、ct in a way that is far from normal or reasonable: Its embarrassing the extremes hell go to in order to impress his boss. Taken to extremes, this kind of behaviour can be dangerous. In the jungle they were driven to extremes in order to survive. in the extreme (formal) to a great degree: The journey
19、 would be dangerous in the extreme.unfit adj. 1. (for sth)| (to eat, drink, live in, etc.)| (to do sth) not of an acceptable standard; not suitable: The housing was unfit for human habitation. The food on offer was unfit for human consumption. This water is unfit to drink. Most of the buildings are
20、unfit to live in. They described him as unfit to govern. (technical) Many of the houses were condemned as unfit. (technical) The court claims she is an unfit mother. 2. for sth| to do sth not capable of doing sth, for example because of illness: Hes still unfit for work. The companys doctor found th
21、at she was unfit to carry out her normal work. 3. (especially BrE) (of a person) not in good physical condition; not fit, because you have not taken exercise: The captain is still unfit and will miss tonights game. fascinate verb to attract or interest sb very much: vn China has always fascinated me
22、. It was a question that had fascinated him since he was a boy. v The private lives of movie stars never fail to fascinate.meditation noun 1. U the practice of thinking deeply in silence, especially for religious reasons or in order to make your mind calm: She found peace through yoga and meditation
23、. He was deep in meditation and didnt see me come in. 2. C, usually pl. (on sth) (formal) serious thoughts on a particular subject that sb writes down or speaks: his meditations on life and arturge verb1. to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth: vn to inf She urged him to stay. Police are urg
24、ing anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately. v that The report urged that all children be taught to swim. 2. vn sth (on / upon sb) to recommend sth strongly: The situation is dangerous and the UN is urging caution. 3. vn + adv. / prep. (formal) to make a person or an animal move more
25、 quickly and/or in a particular direction, especially by pushing or forcing them: He urged his horse forward. urge sb on to encourage sb to do sth or support them so that they do it better: She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.accomplish verbvn to succeed in doing or completing sth, achi
26、eve: The first part of the plan has been safely accomplished. I dont feel Ive accomplished very much today. Thats it. Mission accomplished (= we have done what we aimed to do).motivate verb 1. vn often passive to be the reason why sb does sth or behaves in a particular way: He is motivated entirely
27、by self-interest.2. to make sb want to do sth, especially sth that involves hard work and effort: vn Shes very good at motivating her students. vn to inf The plan is designed to motivate employees to work more efficiently.3. vn (formal) to give reasons for sth that you have stated: Please motivate y
28、our answer to question 5. motivated adj.: a racially motivated attack a highly motivated student (= one who is very interested and works hard) motivation noun C, U: What is the motivation behind this sudden change? Most people said that pay was their main motivation for working. Hes intelligent enou
29、gh but he lacks motivation. All research proposals must be accompanied by a full motivation. devotion noun (to sb/sth)1. U, sing. great love, care and support for sb/sth: His devotion to his wife and family is touching.2. U, sing. the action of spending a lot of time or energy on sth: her devotion to duty Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.3. devotions pl. prayers and other religious practicessoul noun
