1、中考考点分析：介词介词是一种虚词，它不能单独担任句子成分，必须与名词或代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句构成介词短语，才能担 6 任句子成分。介词由词形上可分为简单介词和短语介词。简单介词只是一个单词，如：in，on，after等。短语介词是由两个以上单词集合而成，如：out of，in front of，because of，instead of 等。介词 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012单选 26 28 23 29 28完型 39 42 36 38 42 44词语运用 68 66 66分值 3 3 2 3 3一、表示时间的介词表示“时间” 的介词如下：表示年、月、日、时
2、刻等用 at，in，on表示时间的前后用 before，after表示期限等用 by，until ， till表示期间等用 for，during，through表示时间的起点等用 from，since表示时间的经过等用 in， within1. at， on，in（1）at：用于表示时刻、时间的某一点at lunch 在午饭时 at breakfast 早餐时 at noon 正午时 at night在夜间at that time 那时 at the moment 此刻，目前 at the same time 同时 at times 偶尔，有时at nine 在九点钟 at first 开始的
3、时候，起初 at last 最后 We usually have lunch at noon/ at twelve.我们通常中午吃午饭（十二点吃午饭）注意：表示时间的名词前有 this，last，next，every 等修饰时，其前面不加介词。this morning 今天早上；last Monday 上周一；every week 每周（2）on 用于表示某天，某一天的上、下午（指具体的某一时，一律用 on）on Monday 在周一on Monday evening 在周一晚上on Tuesday morning 在周二早上on June 6 在 6 月 6 日on May 4,1996 在
4、 1996 年 5 月 4 日on a cold night 在一个寒冷的夜晚on that day 在那天on Christmas Day 在圣诞节那天on time 准时on the night of July（the ）first 在七月一日的夜晚 we didnt listen to the lecture on Wednesday afternoon.周三下午我们没去听演讲。（3）in 用于表示周、月、 季节、年和泛指的上午、下午、晚上（指在一段时间内）。 in the week 在这周 in the holiday 在假期中 in May 在五月 in 1995在 1995in s
5、ummer 在夏季 in Spring 在春季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter在冬季 in September，1995 在 1995 年 9 月 in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上in the 21st century 在二十一世纪in time 及时 in an hour 一个小时后 in a minute 一会儿，立刻The plane took off on time.飞机准时起飞了。People go skating in winter.人们冬天去滑冰。Do they work in th
6、e day time or at night？他们是白天工作还是夜里工作？-Who was the first man with A(h1n1) flu in mainland China know for sure?-_May 11,2009.A In B On C For D Since2. before，after（注：两个既可以作介词又可以作连词）（1）before 在 之前Wash your hands before dinner.（before 作介词）吃饭前请洗手。He will call me before he leaves here/before ten oclock.（前
7、一个 before 作连词；后一个 before 作介词）他离开这儿之前/ 十点之前，将给我打电话。（2）after 在 之后Lets sing some songs after school.（after 作介词）放学后咱们唱歌吧！Please close the door after you leave the room.（after 作连词）离开房间后请关门。【考题再现】When the school biulding began to shake,the teachers ran downstdirs _all the students.The teachers are real he
8、ro.A .after B .with C .befor3. by，until/till（1）by 在前（时间）；截止（到） How many English books had you read by the end of last year?到去年年底以前你看过多少本英文书？She had left by the time I arrived.我到时（之前）她已经走了。例：by the end of 在底（之前） by then 到那时 by the time+从句 在之前（2）until/till 知道为止（时间）we didnt begin to watch TV until/till
9、 nine oclock.一直到九点，我们才开始看电视。（begin 是点动词，所以用否定式）I will wait for him until he comes here.我将在这儿一直等到他来。4. for，during ，through（1）for 达之久（表示经过了多少时间）可以和一般现在时、过去时、将来时连用，但经常和完成时连用。He has lived here for 20 years.他在这儿已经住了二十年了。We will stay in the city for two days.我们要在这座城市呆两天。（2）during 在 期间They are going to hav
10、e a good rest during the summer holidays.暑假中他们打算好好休息一下。（3）through 一直 （从开始到结束）They played the cards through the night.他们打了一整夜的牌。He stayed in London through the winter.他整个冬天都待在伦敦。比较：for 和 during。for 之后大多跟表示时间、具体天数等的数字名词。而during 后决不能跟表数字的名词。5. from，since（1）from 从 起（时间）表示“从开始”时，一般都是用词组 fromto，而单纯表示确切的“从
11、几点开始”时用 at。The meeting will be held from eight to ten. 这个会议将从 8 点开到 10 点。 The meeting will be held at eight. 会议将从八点钟开始。（2）since 自从 以来（表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续）I have been sick since yesterday.我从昨天起就病了。（强调一直病到现在）The doctor has saved a lot of lives since he became a doctor.（since 作连词，引导时间状语从句）这个医生自从当医生以来已经拯救了
12、许多人的生命。6. in，within（1）in 过 后（未来时间）大多用在将来时（一般将来时和过去将来时）。in an hour 一小时之后 in a week or so 大约一星期之后he will be back in five hours.他五小时之后回来。They said they would arrive here in a week.他们说他们一周后到达。（2）within 不超过的范围within 3 hours 3 小时之内； within a week 一周之内I must finish painting the cat within five minutes.我必须在
13、五分钟之内画好这只猫。比较：within 和 in。within 强调“ 在 时间之内” ，没有时态的限制。 in 是以现在为基础，in an hour 是指从现在起一小时之后，所以 in 一般只用于将来时。【真题 1】【 2014 长沙】Mothers Day is _ the second Sunday in May in the United States.(A) A. on B. in C. At【真题 2】【 2016永州】Look out!Look at the traffic lights _crossing the road. (A)A. before B. after C.
14、Since【真题 3】【 2016东营】Stephen Hawking got more than 380, 000 followers in two hours _first message on Weibo. (C)A. before B. since C. after D. until二、表示地点的介词1、表示方位的介词：in、on、toIn 表示“在内”，on 表示 “与 相邻” ，to 表示“ 在之外，又不相邻”A is in the northeast of B.A is on the west of B.B is to the east of A.【考题再现】Taiwan is
15、a beautiful island and its _east of Fujian.A.in B.on C.to 2、表示“ 在之上或之下” 的介词(1)above, over, on 在上above 指在上方, 不强调是否垂直，与 below 相对；over 指垂直的上方 ,与 under 相对,但 over 与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。(2)below, under 在下面 under 表示在正下方 below 表示在下，不一定在正下方There is a cat the table.Please write your name the line.M
16、y pencil-case is _ Li Leis desk.我的铅笔盒在李磊的课桌上。There is a bridge _ the river.河上有座桥。The plane is flying _ the clouds.飞机在云层上飞行。Please do not write _this line.请不要写在这条线的下面。The water flows _the bridge.水在桥下流过。3、表示在某地的介词：at、in 、onat表示较小的地点，in表示较大的地方，on 表示在一个平面上。Eg：_ Shanghai._ home._ ground.【考题再现】Tom told me
17、 his parents had arrived _Beijing.A. at B. on C. in D. to 4、表示 “前、后 ”的介词（1）in front of ，in the front of，before 表示“在 之前”in front of = before 表示“在某一范围之外的前面”in the front of 表示“在某一范围之内的前部” Tom is short and always sits _ the classroom.汤姆很矮，一直坐在教室的前面。There is a tree _ my house.我的房前有棵大树。（2）at the back of,
18、behind, after 三者均有“ 在之后” 之意，at the back of 是in the front of 的反义词，表示“在某一范围之内的后部 ”，behind 是 in front of 的反义词，表示“在某一范围之外的后面”，After 可与 behind 互换，也可以用于表示运动的词词后面。Eg：The couples are walking _their son.这对夫妇跟在他们的儿子后面散步。Your cat is _the tree.你的猫躲在树后面。Theres a blackboard _the classroom.教室后面有块黑板。【考题再现】There is
19、a bank _（在后面）the bus station.5、表示“ 里外 ”的介词(1)in 表示“在内”，有静止之意，inside 表示“在里面”、“到里面”，强调“以为界”之意，into 表示动作的方向，意为“ 到 内” 。 My wallet is _the closet.我的钱包在衣柜里。The boy rushed _ the house.这个男孩冲进房子。He was reading English _the door.他在家里读英语。(2)outside 是 inside 的反义词，表示“ 在 外面” ，out of 是 into 的反义词，表示“到外”。 Dont look
20、_the window when you are in class.上课时不要想窗外看。They are having an important meeting ,please wait _ the office.6. from, to, for, into, out of (1)from 从The train started from Paris.(2)to 到.（目的地）去，向He went to Guangzhou last year.(3)for 向，表目的方向He left for Tianjin on business yesterday.Towards, to 和 for 都可表
21、示方向，其区别如下：Towards 仅指朝向某个方向，不一定是目的地，而 to 和 for 都是“ 向目的地”。For 作“向（目的地）时，常用于固定搭配中，如：leave for, start for(4) into 进入Please put the water into the bottle.(5)out of 从 出来A girl in red went out of the shop.【真题 1】【 2016河南】Its so cold outside. Remember to close the door you when you leave.(D) A. beside B. bef
22、ore C. with D. behind【真题 2】【 2016河南】The old man is a good swimmer, and even now he often swims _ Tuojiang River after supper.(D)A. over B. through C. to D. Across【真题 3】【 2015江苏】-I like the weather in Kunming. Its warm all year long. -Yes. And the temperature stays _zero all the time. (D)A. at B. bel
23、ow C. around D. above 三、其他介词1、表示材料与手段的介词：with, by, inwith 表示用什么工具，所用的东西都是具体的物。 We see _our eyes and hear _ears.我们用眼看，用耳听。by 指“ 靠手段”，“ 用方法”，“ 凭借 动作” ，所表示的方法、手段、途径比较抽象，后接名词、代词或动名词，也可和 bus、plane、bike 等表示交通手段的名词连用。 He earns his living _writing.他靠写作谋生。I shall contact you _telephone.我将打电话和你联系。I will trave
24、l to Hainan _ air.我将乘飞机去海南。【考题再现】Lin Lin often practices English _chatting with her American friend.A. in B. by C. for D. with【解析】by 后接动名词常表示使用某种方法或通过某种途径。in 表示“所用材料以及所用的语言、声音、衣饰等” They are talking _Japanese.他们正用日语交谈。The boy always _a blue heat.男孩常带一顶蓝帽。I like to draw picture _red ink.我喜欢用红墨水画画。【考题再
25、现】Betly lets make a cake _some flour, sugar, butter and milk.A. at B. of C. in D. with【解析】根据句意“Betly 让我们用面粉、糖、黄油、牛奶做面包”可知，空格部分介词为用，With 指工具或材料 2、of, from, aboutOf 表示“属于的”，表示数量或种类；from 表示“是哪里人”以及时间或时间的起点来自；about“关于”、“ 大约、左右”等。 The old man sit here _morning.从早晨起老人就坐在这儿。Wang Hong is a friend _mine.王红是我
26、的一位朋友。I know nothing _him.我对他一无所知。There are _fifty people in the room.房间里大约有 50 人。Here is a cup _tea for you.给你一杯茶。These visitors are all _American.这些游客都来自美国。【考题再现】I got an e-mail this morning.It was _ my foreign friend ,Tony.【解析】be from 意为“来自 ”，表明主语的出处。四、几个已混介词的用法辨析(1)表示“在 之间”的介词：between, amongbetw
27、een 指在两个人或两个事物之间；among 指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间。My school is _the post office and the hospital.我的学校在邮局和医院之间。I found him _the crowd.我从人群中发现了他。 (2)by, with, in 表示方法、手段、工具by 以 方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具；with 表示用 工具、手段，一般接具体的工具和手段；in 表示用 方式，用 语言(语调、笔墨、颜色) 等；5、介词短语1、介词与动词 do well in 在某方面做的好 do with 处置agree with sb. 同意某人begi
28、n with 以开始laugh at 嘲笑help with 在方面帮助leave for 动身去某地catch up with 赶上get on/a long with 与相处arrive in/at 到达make friend with 与交朋take care of 照顾、照料look at 看listen to 听hear from 听说look for 寻找turn on/off 打开/ 关上send for 派人去请look after 照看、照料put on 穿上pay for 为付钱lookover 检查depend on 依赖、依靠wait for 等候fill with 充
29、满ask for 要，要求2、介词与形容词 be satisfied with sb. 对某人感到满意be weak in 在某方面差be good/bad for 对有益/有害be late for 迟到be pleased with sb. 对某人感到满意be busy with 忙于be angry at sth. 因而生气be made of 由制成be angry at sb. 生某人的气be good at 在方面做的好be full of 充满be different from 与不同be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in sth. 对某事要
30、求严格be proud of 以为荣3、介词与名词搭配 in time 及时at work 在工作on time 按时in fact 事实上at home 在家at once 马上at night 晚上in trouble 处于困境on foot 步行on duty 值日in a hurry 匆忙in the sun 在阳光下练习题：1.My little sister was born_a sunny morning_June, 2003. So my parents named her Xiao Sun. () A. on；in B. in；on C. at；in D. in；in2. W
31、e are planning to have a surprise party _ her fifteenth birthday.A. at B. in C. for D. With3.The teachers hope all of us can hand _ our homework _ time every day.A. up; in B. out; on C. on; in D. in; on4.In cold winter, the temperature in Harbin often remains zero all day. A. above B. below C. over
32、D. under5. This photo reminded the old man _ the days when he was young. A. with B. for C. by D. of 6.My mother says my friend is similar _ me, but I think she is different_me.A.as; from B.to; from C.to; to D.as;to7.Elephants are _ great danger , we should save them.A.with B.at C.on D.in 8.Robert Hu
33、nt sometimes advises the students _ common problems.A.in B. about C. with 9.A conversation _ a wise person is worth ten years study of books. A. for B. like C. with D. To10.She sold her treasures to cure her mothers illness, even though it was her own wishes. Its so kind _ her. A. against; of B. abo
34、ve; of C. on; for D. for; for11.Whats the most important morning news on CCTV today? The Chinese government warned Japan _ do harm to Chinas territorialsovereignty (领土主权) again and again. A. to not B. didnt C. not to D. do not 12.They usually go shopping _ their lunch break. against B. among C. betw
35、een D. During13.Tim is going to give his father a surprise _ Fathers Day. A. in B. at C. on D. By14. Oh, my god!Ive left my keys in the room. Ill have to get in_the window. Its dangerous. Youd better wait for your mom to come backA. past B. over C. across D. through 15.Taiwan lies _ the east of Fuji
36、an, _ the southeast ofChina. A. on； in B. to； in C. on； to16. Class, lets see who can spell most words _ these letters. A. at B. into C. on D. with 17.They arrived Shanghai a cold morning.A. in: in B. in: on C. at: on D. at: in18.A terrible earthquake hit Ya,an. Sichuan Province the morning April 25.A. in, in B. at, on C. on, of19. Whos that man _ sunglasses? Hes Jack Ding. Ive just got an autograph from him.A. on B. for C. of D. With20.Im looking after Tom today. Hes been in my house _ 8:00 this morning. A. at B. for C. since D. till
