1、Unit 4Making the newsLearning about language,必修五,Inversion,Grammar,1. only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. (必修1) 2. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! (必修2) 3. There were signs and ads in French, but some of them had English words in smaller letters. (必
2、修3),Look at the following sentences.,4. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. (必修4) 5. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (必修5) 6. There followed St Pauls Cathedral built after th
3、e terrible fire of London in 1666. (必修5),Sentences from this unit:,1. Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. 2. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. 3. Only if you ask man
4、y different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. 4. Here comes my list of dos and donts: ,Guessing Game,to test your sense of observation to test your ability of short-term memory to test your ability to highlight the language points,Guess,1. only then _ we decide to answ
5、er violence with violence. 2. No other countries could join in, nor _ slaves or women! 3. There _ signs and ads in French, but some of them had English words in smaller letters. 4. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months _ she allowed to begin her project.,did,could,were,was,
6、5. Only if you put the sun there _ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 6. There _ St Pauls Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 1666. 7. Never _ Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.,did,followed,will,8. Not onl
7、y _ I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. 9. Only if you ask many different questions _ you acquire all the information you need to know. 10. Here _ my list of dos and donts: ,am,will,comes,1. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serio
8、us the pollution was.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizedD. didnt the villagers realized,2. Only in this way _ do it well.A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 3. Hardly _ when it began to rain.A. had he arrived B. arrived heC. he had arrived D. did
9、 he arrive,4. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 5. Not a single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made,6. No sooner _ his talk than he _ by the wor
10、kers.A. he finished; surrounded allB. did he finish; did surroundC. had he finished; was surroundedD. after he finished; was surrounded near,在英语中,主语和谓语的语序通常 是主语在前,谓语在后。但有时为了 语法结构的需要,或者是为了强调, 谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语 前面,这种语序叫做倒装。 倒装可分为: a.全部倒装 b.部分倒装,倒装(Inversion):,基本语序natural order,subject 主+ predicate 谓+obje
11、ct 宾,I love English.,倒装 Inversions 把谓语动词放在主语之前, 叫倒装结构。 如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词等放在主语之前, 叫部分倒装。 Here comes the car. (全倒) Never will Zhou Yang forget(半倒),动词主体仍在后面,1. There goes the bell. 2. Out rush the children. 3. Never was he interested in the pop stars. 4. In front of the house was a sma
12、ll garden. 5. Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 6. No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang.,1. 2.4.,goes,rush,was,Inversion(倒装句), 若有主从句,哪句倒装? 部分倒装还是完全倒装?,原句自然顺序是： Many students are there in the classroom.,1. 用于 there be 句型。 There are many students in the classroom.,(there be+主语),全部倒装,
13、. 用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词 + 主语的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里面, 表示强调。Here comes the bus. There goes the bell.Now comes our turn. Out went the children.,名词,注意：,代词作主语时, 主谓语序不变。,Here comes he. Here he comes. Away went they. Away they went.,3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时, 也常引起全部倒装。,From the va
14、lley came a frightening sound. Under the tree stands a little boy.,划线的均是表示地点状语, 位于句首。,Here comes the bus.,On the wall hangs a picture.,Out rushed the puppy.,Away went the girls.,1) _ a letter for you. There are B. Is here C. Here is D. Is there2) _ a big paper-making factory by the lake. There stand
15、s B. Does there stand C. Standing there is D. It is standing,C,A,3) _ and caught the mouse. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat 4) -Where is your father?-Oh, _. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he,C,A,5) Look out! _ A.
16、The bus come there B. There comes the bus. C. Does the bus come? D. Comes the bus there. 6) Under a big tree _, half asleep. A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man,B,D,4. 表语置于句首时, 倒装结构采用“表语连系动词主语”的结构(1) 形容词连系动词主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Profe
17、ssor Smith and many other guests.,(2) 过去分词连系动词主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. (3) 介词连系动词主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,5. 为了保持句子结构平衡或为了强调表语或状语, 或是为了使上下文结构紧凑。,They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.,Inside the pyrami
18、ds are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.,保持句子结构平衡,1. 用于疑问句。 Do you speak English?,由 If you had reviewed your lessons 这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。,2. 用于省略 if 的虚拟条件句。Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.,部分倒装,3. 用于only开头的句子(修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)On
19、ly in this way can you learn English well.,4. 用于 never, hardly, seldom, little, at no time, not only, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定词开头的句子里。Never shall I do this again.,5. 用于no sooner than, hardly when 和 not until的句型中。No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teacher came did he
20、finish his homework.,6. 用于 so, nor, neither 开头的句子, 表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。 Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing. _ So have I.So he has,我也去过。(不同人/情况) 是的, 他确实去过。 (同个人/情况),1) My wife is a teacher, and _.A. so am I B. so I am C. also I am D. too I am 2) She is not f
21、ond of cooking, _ I.A. so am B. nor do C. neither do D. nor am 3) Mr. Smith promised to help me and_ the next day.A. neither he did B. so he didC. neither did he D. so did he,A,D,B,Such an interesting book is it that John has read it twice.,7. 在 so/such that 的结构中，若so/such 置于句首，则句子部分倒装。 1) It is such
22、 an interesting book that John has read it twice. 2) It is so interesting a book that John has read it twice.,So interesting a book is it that John has read it twice.,8. 由as 或though 引导的让步状语从句有时也用 倒装句，即把表语或部分谓语提前。,他虽然是个孩子，但已经熟知英语。 Child as/though he was, he had a good command of English.,他虽有耐心，但也不愿意等
23、三个小时。 Patient though/as he was, he was unwilling to wait three hours.,9. 用于某些祝愿的句子。1) May you succeed! 2) Long live China!,倒装句中主谓何时不倒装,在需要倒装的种种句型中， 有时主语和谓语并不需倒装， 大致可归纳如下几种：,1. 疑问句中, 如果疑问词作主语或 主语的修饰语, 主谓不倒装。,What happened to her? 她出了什么事？ How many people are working in that laboratory? 有多少人在那间实验室里工作？,
24、2. 在以 in, out, back, up, down, off, away, here, there 等副词开头的句子中,如果主语是人称代词, 主谓不倒装。Away he went to the station.他到车站去了。Here she comes.她来了。,3. 如果置于句首的由 only 引导的词组不是状语，而是主语，则主谓不倒装。Only the teachers are allowed to use this room.只有教师可以使用这个房间。Only some of the children like English.只有一些孩子喜欢英语。,4. 如果置于句首的 not
25、 only but also 仅连接作主语的两个并列词组，则主语和谓语不倒装。 Not only men but also women and children are affected by the new law.新法律不仅对男人，而且对妇女和儿童也有影响。,5. 把副词性替代词 so 提前, 如果两句的主语相同, 且后者只是进一步肯定或强调前者, so 后面的语序不倒装。 Its raining. So it is. Bob didnt know about it. So he didnt.鲍勃不知道这件事。他确实不知道。,下雨了。 是下雨了。,6. 以 so 开头的句型, 如果是 so
26、 it is (was) with + 另一主语, 此时主语和谓语不倒装。如：Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with Engels.马克思出生在德国, 德语是他的母语, 恩格斯也是如此。,I have never seen such a performance. Never have I seen such a performance.,You will find the answer to this question nowhere. Nowhere will you find t
27、he answer to this question.,这里绝不允许吸烟。At no time are you allowed to smoke here.In no way are you allowed to smoke here.,只有当 not onlybut also 连接两个分句时, 才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not onlybut also 仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.,Not only can mp3s provide us with fun, but also they
28、can help us learn English well.,Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.,Only by practicing everyday can you learn English well.,Review,1. 倒装的概念：谓语的全部或者一部分提到主语的前面。 2. 倒装的原因：1) 语法结构要求; 2) 强调。 3. 用倒装的情况。 4. 不需用到倒装的情况。,1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?-I dont know, _
29、.A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also,配套练习,B,2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realizedD. didnt the villagers realized,A,3. Only in this way _
30、do it well.A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can4. Hardly _ when it began to rain.A. had he arrived B. arrived heC. he had arrived D. did he arrive,C,A,5. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a
31、 single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made,C,A,7. No sooner _ his talk than he _ by the workers.A. he finished; surrounded allB. did he finish; did surroundC. had he finished; was surroundedD. after he finished; was surrounded near,C,8. At t
32、he foot of the mountain _.A. lie a beautiful lake B. does a beautiful lake lieC. lies a beautiful lake D. do a beautiful lake lie 9. I finally got the job. Never in all life_ so happy.A. did I feel B. I feltC. I had felt D. had I felt,C,D,10. _ the plane. A. Down flying B. Down was flying C. Down fl
33、ew D. Flew down11. -She plays the piano very well.- _. A. So every one of us does B. Every one of us does C. So does every one of us D. So do every one of us,C,C,12. The door opened and there _. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered,B,Leaning about Lan
34、guage,Discovering useful structures,1 Find three examples of inversion in the reading passage.,1) Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper. 2) Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
35、 3) Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.,2 Rewrite these sentence using normal word order.,1. I did not know how to use that recorder. Neither did he. Neither he or I knew how to use that recorder.,2. Only then did I begin my work on designi
36、ng a new bridge. I only began my work on designing a new bridge then. 3. Not only was there a Christmas tree, but also exciting presents under it. There was not only a Christmas tree but also exciting presents under it.,4. “Is everything ready yet?” asked Hu Xin to the photographer.Hu Xin asked the
37、photographer, “Is everything ready yet?”,3 Rewrite these sentences using inversion. First, find the phrase to begin with. Then change the word order of the sentence. Use the words or phrases underlined to rewrite these sentences.,You will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing.Only at a stad
38、ium in Beijing will you see so many seats. 2. I have seldom seen a situation which made me so angry.Seldom have I seen a situation which made me so angry.,3. You will be able to write a good report only after you have acquired the information you need.Only after you have acquired the information you
39、 need will you be able to write a good report. 4. He gave a lot of presents to his friends, but he has never given one to me.Never has he given a present to me though he gave a lot (of presents) to his friends.,5. She is not only good at languages, but also at history and geography.Not only is she g
40、ood at language, but she is also good at history and geography.,6. I have never read such an exciting report before.Never before have I read such an exciting report. 7. She took part in a horse riding competition, and did not miss a jump once.Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in the ho
41、rse riding competition.,4 Certain expressions can introduce an inverted sentence. Now complete the following sentences that begin with these expressions.,1. Only after _ did _. 2. Not once did _ _.,my operation,my neighbours come round to offer me support,you come to say you were sorry after breakin
42、g the vase,people get hit and never seem to feel the pain,3. Seldom have I _ _. 4. Only by doing _ could _ _ . 5. Only in a _ can _ _.,been so happy as when my son graduated from university,her exercise every day,Jane hope to run professionally again,film,6. Not once did _ _ _ _. Only then did _.,Zh
43、ou Jie receive an admission notice to Beijing university, but he also won a scholarship to study in America,she remember what her aunt told her,Translation,Had I realized what you intended I should not have wasted my time trying to explain matters to you.,1. 如果我了解你的意图，我就不会浪费时间向你解释了。,2. 那记号很小，我几乎看不到。
44、,So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.,3. 教堂附近有一间破旧的小屋(cottage)。,4. 他一点也不知道警察就要逮捕他了。,5. 无论什么情况下我们都不要放弃计划。,Under no circumstance can we give up the plan.,Near the church was a ruined cottage.,Little did he know that the police were about to arrest him.,Homework,1. Summarize the rules of inversion in your own way. 2. Finish the exercises Using Structures in workbook on Page 64.,Thank You!,
