1、Grammar for senior II (高二英语语法),Participles （分 词）,Huaian Middle School Zhao Junhua,分词用法,分词异同,分 词,高考题,巩固题,分词考点,分词是高考必考内容，在历届高考试题中均占相当大的比例。分词的命题形式非常广泛。分词的主要考点集中在： 1、分词的形容词特性 2、分词短语作后置定语 3、现在分词和过去分词的主动与被动含义。,形 式, 过去分词只有一种形式（done）。, 现在分词：,doing,being done,having been done,having done,现在分词与过去分词的异同点,现在分词与过
2、去分词的异同点,an exciting story 一个令人兴奋的故事 an excited crowd 激动的人群 the rising sun 正在上升的太阳 the risen sun 升起了的太阳 developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 Lost in thought, he almost knocked into me. Judging from his accent,she is from Chuzhou.,意义,功 能,1作表语 2作定语 3作状语 4作宾语补足语现在分词的完成 形式和被动形式独立结构,现在分词与过去
3、分词的异同点,相同点,何时使用分词？,1. On afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, _ some bananas and visited her cousin. A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. writing,3. _ down the radio - the babys asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn,2. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Afri
4、ca. A.invited B.were invited C.being invited D. inviting,1作表语。 The story was very moving and the children were deeply moved. 那故事非常动人，孩子们被深深地打动了. The weather this summer has been disappointing. Though he appeared satisfied with your answer, dont get excited.,现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性； 过去分词多表示主语所处的(被动)状态.,2作
5、定语： 1) After hearing my encouraging words, a determined look appeared on his face. 2) The disappointed parents was very angry with his disappointing son a second time. 3) They built a highway leading (= which leads) into the mountains. 4) Have you read any short stories written (=which was written)
6、by Lu Xun?,使役动词的分词形式做定语或表语时，常遵循人V-ed, 物V-ing的原则，但修饰反映人心理活动或某种情绪的词 时，用V-ed形式.,在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这时分词短语应 放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句,3作状语：（时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随或结果状语） Seen from the hill, our school looks small. Seeing from the hill, I find our school small. When walking in the street, I came across an old f
7、riend. Given more time, I could do better. The students are riding on the street, talking and laughing. English is spoken by many people in various countries, making it the most popular language in the world.,强调前后主语的一致。原因、时间、条件、让步、方式 状语常置于句首，伴随状语、结果状语常置于句末。不 强调动作先后时遵循主动V-ing，被动V-ed。,4作宾语补足语：（常用于以下结构
8、） 1）see/ hear/ watch/ notice/ find/ feel + sb + 分词 A book was seen lying there. He found his hometown greatly changed after many years. 2）leave/ keep + 宾语 + 分词 I am sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 3）have/ get +宾语 + 分词 I cant get my car going. I will try my best to get my English improved
9、. 4）catch/ send sb doing be caught/ sent doingThe girl who was caught cheating has admitted her mistake. 现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与谓语同时发生或正在进行，强调动作过程。过去分词做宾语补足语表示动作完成结果，并有被动意义。,现在分词的完成形式和被动形式,Turning around, she saw a police car driving up.Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.Having worked among the peas
10、ants for many years, he knew them very well.Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.Having lived in Berlin many years, he knew the city well.,如果分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生， 则要用完成形式。,现在分词的被动式与过去分词表被动：That building being repaired now is our library. After being asked to give a perfo
11、rmance, she couldnt very well refuse.Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away?United, we stand; divided, we fall.Even if invited, I wont go.Led by the party, the people have improved their living conditions greatly., 在表示一个被动的动作时，如果这个动作是现刻正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，就可以用现在分词的被动形
12、式。,独 立主格 结 构,前后主语不一致时，可用独立主格结构 Weather permitting, we will hold the sports meeting. Money collected, we set about carrying out the plan. The sun risen, everything looks beautiful. There being heavy rain, we had to have a break.,高考题选,The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_ . A.he
13、ar B. to hear C. hearing D. heard,2. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,点击高考,3. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river.A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play,4. The first textbooks _ for teaching Eng
14、lish as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A.having written B. to be written C. being written D. written,6. -What do you think made Mary so upset? -_ her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing,点击高考,5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door _
15、 “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading,7. As we joined the big crowd I got_from my friends.A. separated B. gone C. lost D. missed,点击高考,8. A computer does only what thinking people _. A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done,9. _such heavy
16、pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,点击高考,10. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken,11. He looked around and c
17、aught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting,12. The old man, abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked,13. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, b
18、ut it remains_whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen,14. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_ in the kitchen.A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked,15. It is believed that if a book is _, it will surely _ the reader. A. interested interest B. interesting
19、 be interestedC. interested be interesting D. interesting interest,点击高考,巩固练习,4.Do you consider_any good attempting many scientific experiments?A.there B.it C.this D.that,5.There was a terrible noise_the sudden burst of light.A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed,6. Believe it or n
20、ot, he was seen_upstairs justnow.A.to go B. going C.having gone D.go,巩固练习,7.It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned,8.The murderer was brought in ,with his hands _behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied,9._a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter. A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not received,10. Have you read the news in todays newspaper？This news sounds_ . Aencouraging Bencouraged Cencourage Dto encourage,巩固练习,Home work.,Thank you for coming!,
