1、,Total Professeurs Associs,Presentation: Jean BERA CUPB - Oct 2008,DRILLING ACTIVITIESDrilling: why ? When ? - The ParticipantsDrilling activities and safetyDrilling engineeringData acquisitionDirectional wellsHP/HT wellsDeepwaterWells for heavy oilOffshore drilling units and deepwater activitiesDri
2、lling hazardsThe costs,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,WHY To find and produce hydrocarbons safely and in an economic manner. A well is a hole that is drilled through the earth and completed to flow oil or gas from the reservoir beneath the earth to the surface. WHEN .- seismic data acquisition,- ge
3、ophysical, geological, reservoir interpretation and studies, then ,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,Exploration,Appraisal,Pre-project,Development,Production,Abandon,Development,Field life,Exploration,Drilling(s) Logs, tests,Drilling(s) Logs, tests,Pre engineering studies,Constructionactivities Drilli
4、ng(s) Logs, tests,Well servicing Well Interventions Infield drilling(s),Well(s) P&A Decommissioning,Drilling activities . :,Source / illustrations: TOTAL,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,NOC,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,The Participants,Health Safety Environmentprotection,DRILLING ACTIVITIES,parti
5、cipants,Offshore or onshore activities, Remote areas or petroleum well supported areas, Personnel with multiple nationalities,culture and skills differences,OIL COMPANY(IES) OIL-SERVICE COMPANIES VENDORS OTHERS (insurances) THIRD PARTIES,the context of drilling activities,DRILLING ACTIVITIES,OVERVIE
6、W ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,DRILLING ACTIVITIES technics, equipment, but, before all Engineers, technicians,- who have a very good University or School diploma,- who know to work in a team / together, - who are able to work with different people (nationalities, know how, ),- who are ready to face high
7、responsibilities,- who recognise that experiences are a must .,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,DRILLING ACTIVITIESDrilling: why ? When ? - The ParticipantsDrilling activities and safetyDrilling engineeringData acquisitionDirectional wellsHP/HT wellsDeepwaterWells for heavy oilOffshore drilling units
8、 and deepwater activitiesDrilling hazardsThe costs,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,Hazards identification and consequences A particular consideration will be given to exploration drilling activities as operations are often conducted in isolated environment Drilling hazards may have an impact on pers
9、onnel accident, environmental pollution damage, damage to equipment and facilities.,THE HUMAN DIMENSION WILL ALWAYS BE THE MOST IMPORTANT,DRILLING ACTIVITIES AND SAFETY,DRILLING ACTIVITIES AND SAFETY,DRILLING ACTIVITIES AND SAFETY,DRILLING ACTIVITIESDrilling: why ? When ? - The ParticipantsDrilling
10、activities and safetyDrilling engineeringData acquisitionDirectional wellsHP/HT wellsDeepwaterWells for heavy oilOffshore drilling units and deepwater activitiesDrilling hazardsThe costs,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,Geology,Reservoir,Production,Other departments (economics, purchasing .),Drilling
11、,Geophysics,Source / Illustrations: TOTAL,Logistics,Drilling Engineering - Operations,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: A TEAM WORK,Confirm well objectives,(discuss constraints, options ),Well objectives,Preliminary well architecture,Preliminary well cost,S - 12,S - 10,S- 7,S- 8,S- 9,S- 3,S- 4,S- 5,S- 6,S- 1,S-
12、2,Logistics,EXPLORATION WELL - DRILLING CAMPAIGN PREPARATION,Environment,“Well Prognosis Report”,Well engineering studies,LLI & drilling unit,“Well Drilling Programme”,Mobilisation of drilling team,Drilling services,Final budget approval,Drilling operation well spud,Pre-spud meeting,Risk Assessment
13、studies,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: DRILLING CAMPAIGN PREPARATION,OVERVIEW OF WELL ENGINEERING STUDIES,Mud planning,Completion plans,Hole geometry selection,Casing setting depth selection,Fracture gradient prediction,Pore pressure prediction,Data collection,Drillstring design,Cement planning,Drilling bit p
14、rogramme,Casing / tubing design,Rig sizing and selection,Drill time projections,Cost / budget estimation,OVERVIEW OF WELL ENGINEERING,Rock mechanic studies,Conductor pipe,Christmas-tree,Surface casing,Tubing & completion,Well head,B O Ps,reservoir,Intermediate casing,Production casing,Drilling - com
15、pletion process,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: Well construction,formation pore pressure gradient,LOT,Formation fracture pressure gradient,LOT,Formation pressure,Mud,Mud hydrostatic pressure,Source / illustrations: TOTAL,“mud weight window”,Mud weight,E.M W ppg,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: Engineering basics studies,
16、Drilling bit,Drill string,Drilling fluids (drilling mud ),Drilling fluids (drilling muds),MAIN FUNCTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS- hole cleaning, - maintain hole integrity, - control formation pressures, transmission of directional drilling &/or geological data, - transmission of power, cooling the drilli
17、ng bit, and, muds should minimise formation damage.,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: Drilling fluids studies,Roller cone bits,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: Drilling bit studies,A diamond bit,A core bit,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: Drilling bit studies,Moving on location,Drilling & tripping,Logging, casing, cementing, wellhead,
18、equipment tests, ,coring,Logging, P&A or, Logging, casing, DST, TA or, Logging, prod. casing, completion,depth,0,days,Main activities while drilling,one drilled section,Drilling progress,Time to “drill” the section,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: THE DRILLING CURVE,REMEMBER . Make sure to perform a sufficient
19、number of engineering studies in the planning process to eliminate wasted time (non-productive-time).- search for and select the right technology and field proven tools,- evaluate, select and work with Contractors, - select, train people and make them working together, - assess the plan-do-measure-l
20、earn loop.REMEMBER . HIGH BENEFITS OF EARLY ENGINEERING STUDIES and, HIGH OVERCOSTS IF A LACK OF PROPER ENGINEERING STUDIES.,OVERVIEW OF WELL ENGINEERING,DRILLING ACTIVITIESDrilling: why ? When ? - The ParticipantsDrilling activities and safetyDrilling engineeringData acquisitionDirectional wellsHP/
21、HT wellsDeepwaterWells for heavy oilOffshore drilling units and deepwater activitiesDrilling hazardsThe costs,OVERVIEW ON DRILLING ACTIVITIES,SIDETRACKING,OFFSHORE,SHORELINE,RELIEF WELL,MULTIPLE ZONES,INACCESSIBLE SITE,Main applications,and, for increasing well productivity (horizontal, multilateral wells), for a reduction of the number of wells, for a reduction of the $ / bbl,DRILLING ACTIVITIES: DIRECTIONAL DRILLING,
