1、 中 北 大 学毕业论文开题报告学 生 姓 名 ： 戴琳学 号：08080342X11学 院 、 系 ： 信息商务学院学院外语系专 业 ： 英语论 文 题 目 ： Humanity and Culture-Wuthering Heighets love浅 谈 呼 啸 山 庄 中 的爱指 导 教 师 : 李 建 明2012 年 2 月 28 日毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告1结合毕业论文情况，根据所查阅的文献资料，撰写 2000 字左右的文献综述：Literature Review .Background.In Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, based o
2、n love, on the other side, demonstrates the collision between humanity and culture. The humanity is very complex. Accordingly, this novel has the haunting plot. This novel reveals the humanitys complexity and profundity, because it implies the love and resentment, furthermore, the humanity has impac
3、ted on the temporal social culture. This paper explores the love and hate producing from the collision between humanity and culture. And try to illustrate the undying love between Catherine and Heathcliff through humanity and culture and how to face their love. Under the social culture, when love tu
4、rns to hate , hate twists humanity. Thereby, humanitys love is as tragedy through culture. Because they missed the beautiful time for love ,when humanity arises again.In Wuthering Heights, the topic is love, deduces us a world-shaking undying love. They are not only have the lingering love, but also
5、 a deeply ingrained hate between them. Catherine and Heathcliffs love has both humanity and social culture and which bind with them. The humanity has made their love unchanged and undying, but culture destroys this love, and causes hate, Catherine betrays him. Therefore Heathcliffs hate is quite inc
6、isive and vivid, but still comes back to the love.In the novel by Emily Bronte, the two main characters have the natural style and primitive nature naivete, truculence, frankness, firmness, a flush of sentiment, behavior is crazy. They love very desperately, they hate is regardless of whatever. As a
7、 result, the characters love quite strong, shaking-heart. “Unchanged as the mount, ferocity as the lighting” (song p7).Hence, Wuthering Heights becomes the most magnificent love epic in the world. Significance.“Inevitably , the unbridgeable gab in Catherines and Heath cliffs social positions renders
8、 their fervent romance unrealizable on any practical level ”.(Liu p77)Catherines actions are so stringing driven by her social ambitions , that she betrays her humanity, and consequently Heathcliffs love turns top the hate. Heathcliff becomes a so-called genteel man, returns to Wuthering Heights and
9、 carrying out all the cruel acts of revenge. Nevertheless, this love is natural, primitive, inner, and spiritual one. On account of their soul has been the unit cant separate from each other, no more than two bodies. The emotion cant use the culture to explain and alter it. The temporal social cultu
10、re compares with the delicate humanity, thereby resulting in a painful ending to this love story. When love turns to hate, hate twists the humanity .This profound avatar is shown through Heathcliff and Catherine. The author shows for us the struggle between humanitys love and social culture. In ligh
11、t if this ideal, today, how do we choose our love when faced it?. Research at home and abroadThe social culture and humanityIn the nineteenth century, the Victorian period the nobleman is enormously proud of their success, full of the temporal rank concept. Status is first, money is God. Peoples spi
12、rits suffer from the intense oppression. Humanity is twisted without mercy. The Earnshows hold a precarious place within the hierarchy. Although the gentry, possessed servants and often large estates, they nonetheless hold a fragile social position. The Lintons are relatively firm in their gentrys s
13、tatus, but the Earnshows are on much shakier ground social. Catherine wants to marry Edgar so that she will be “the greatest woman of the neighborhood”. Above all, this is the social culture and humanity on that time.、But Catherine and Heathcliffs character is governed by their passions, not by refl
14、ection or ideals of civility. Also the house where they live comes to symbolize the humanity, but Thrushcross Grange represents culture, convention, refinement. When Catherine left for Thrushcross Grange the first time, she has impacted on this culture and finds herself deeply attracted by it. There
15、fore, for love her heart so ambivalent. Owning to Catherines changing, Heathcliff begins to resent the society that is responsible, “when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman he becomes a villain”. Humanity was dispelled in a corner; social c
16、ulture was filled in civic brain.Catherines love under the social cultureThe heroineCatherine is very ambivalent in her love .Due to human nature, she loves Heathcliff deeply with childlike passion, and her soul cant live without him. But the social culture made her betray the love in order to satis
17、fy her yearning for fame and wealth. She chooses Linton, hereby her love becomes a tragedy.Catherine is crazy about Heath cliff. Their love is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change and embrace those differences. Moreover, their love is based on their shared perception that
18、 they are identical, even their souls are shared by one. Catherine declares, “Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same”. (Gao p103) “I am Heathcliff!”(Gao p105) When she first comes back from Thrushcross Grange, she immediately realizes the impact that the social culture has had in
19、her. Her heart becomes more complex and ambivalent. Catherine looks for Heathcliff, to embrace and kiss him, at the same time she is afraid about Heathcliffs dirty clothe against her clean dress. She also treats her marriage like this. If she marries Heathcliff she will be a beggar. Even if she is w
20、ell aware that without Heathcliff she cant live, but the cruel reality helps her realize that marrying Linton will make her become the greatest woman in the area. The temptation of material benefit and the bourgeois culture society, made her betray her love .But her betrayal is not thorough. Althoug
21、h, she dares to break free from the low class culture. She is still crazy about Heathcliff even without property, status. As Catherine says “It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now but because he is more myself than I am.” (Gao p102) But humanitys love never let Catherine give up Heathcliff .Cat
22、herine said “My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath: a source of little visible delight, but necessarybut as my own being.”(Gao p105) Her choice about marriage made her betray her humanity and Heath cliff, forcing Heathcliff to leave .Despite her childlike nature to love him very
23、 deeply with fierce passion. Social culture wins humanity in Catherine, but she was never happy at the civilized Thrushcross Grange, and found herself feeling empty without soul. And for the next seven years, Catherine coasted through life, living only in the past .Her soul so eager to meet Heathcli
24、ffs soul. Ultimately, she is torn between her wild passion for Heath cliff and her social ambition. But the primitive love exceeds the cultural love, causes her miss the Wuthering Heights in sick. And before she dies, go into the bosom of Heathcliff. After she dies, her lonely ghost thirsts for comi
25、ng back Wuthering Heights. She uses the melancholy voice sobs “Let me in Let me in!”Heathcliffs love and hateHeathcliffs love is pure in intention and never changes. Like Catherine, he loves to run around on the moor. His love just has the human natures emotion without rank, culture .Heathcliff neve
26、r says “love”, but his love stronger than hurricane, compare with cloudburst. He is filled with uncontrollable passion. In chapter third, he hears some sounds in Catherines room, “his agitation was so extreme, that he could hardly pick it up.”(Gao p30) Upon arriving at the bedroom, as Lockwoodthe re
27、nter of Thrushcross Grange flees from it, Heath cliff cries out to Catherine begging her to return “ Come in ! Come in!He sobbed Cathy, do come .Oh do once more! Oh! My hearts darling; hear me this time. Catherine, at last! ”(Gao p33) this shows how Heathcliff tastes the bitterness of his lost love.
28、 His love for Catherine is expressed simple, honestly brevity but full of fervid love. In chapter sixteenth, he curses Catherine for the pain. She has caused him and pleads with her spirit to haunt him for the rest of his life. She may take any form, he says, and even drives me mad as long as I am l
29、iving. He goes on to say “may you not rest as long as I am living! You said I killed you -haunt me, then!” “Be with me always-take any form -drive me mad! Only do not leave me in this abyss, where I cant find you!”(Gao p218)Although in this chapter, there are no definite words to represent Heathclif
30、fs love, it is nonetheless known and deeply rooted in their hearts, never losing their passion. Because of the strength of his love for Catherine, Heathcliff undertakes his wicked and vengeful revenge against those deems responsible for his miseryHeathcliff comes from the lower class and because of
31、this, the Linton family makes him feels unworthy of her. Catherine seeks a more genteel life therefore betraying their love. When Heathcliff heard that “It would degrade me to marry Heath cliff now”(Gao p102). He withdraws in a rage of shame, humiliation, and despair. Three years later, Heathcliff c
32、omes back with power and money, he is longing for meeting Catherine, at this time he begins to do an elaborate plan for revenge. But his cruel and harmful behavior comes from the pain of his love .He becomes a fiend, a demon, toward every person around him .He ruins Hindley Catherines brother by tri
33、cking him and therefore, taking possession of Wuthering Heights. He also ends Haretons Hindleys son education after Hindley died, and then elopes with Isabella Lintions sister, after she is ill-treated by him. Likewise, Heathcliff uses Isabella to revenge Edgar. “His malevolence proves so great and
34、longlasting that it cant be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge”(Liu p34) Without Catherine , he lost his sense of life , revenge replaces love , and become the driving force behind his actions. However, who strips his love? What does twist his humanity? But the deep-rooted love didnt
35、disappear at all. Heathcliff tries to recapture the spirit of Catherine in his desire to rejoin her. He even opens her coffin, Heathcliff says “I saw her face again”. The many signs of Catherine show that “she did exist” but that “I have lost her”.When Heathcliff fulfills his revenge, he finds that
36、the primary pleasure is no longer within him. He begins to give up his revenge, wanting only to be with Catherine. The humanity of his love arises again, love for Catherine eroding his lust for revenge. In Heathcliffs life, he sees Catherines shadow everywhere. He is bound to Catherine. They shared
37、one soul, longing to become one unit. Heath cliff becomes more and more obsessed with the memories of Catherine, begins to talking with her ghost .Remembering his climactic night on the moors , he feels so happy and anticipates a reunion with her ghost .Two opened souls become one .Heathcliffs feeli
38、ng of revenge for his lost love ,eventually ,return to the original source. In the end, Humanitys love wins driving his life from this point onward.BibliographyWorks citedJihai Gao, Wuthering Heights, YILI Yili peoples press. 2003.6 Jianxi Liu, Wuthering Heights, Tianjing Tianjing technology transla
39、tion publishing house 2003.9Zhaolin Song, Wuthering Heights prolusion, Peking pekingyanshan press 1999.9高继海呼啸山庄、伊犁伊犁人民出版社。2003.6刘涧西呼啸山庄 天津天津科技译文出版社 2003.9宋兆林呼啸山庄 北京北京燕山出版社 1999.9 毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告本课题要研究或解决的问题和拟采用的研究手段（途径）：The thesis intends to answer the following questions:1How is humor produced in o
40、ur daily life and what are the reasons?2Why the misuse of category can cause humor?3How does the misuse of category create humor in our daily communication? The research methodology.Collect domestic and foreign researches of philologists from books and periodicals, then, analyze the reasons causing
41、humor, point out the misues of cateorgy is another main reason causing humor and its significance.The thesis considers the category theory as the guide to analyze the reason why the misues of category lead to humor. Besides, exmples in our lives are cited to further illustrate the phenomenon.毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告指导教师意见：指导教师： 年 月 日所在系审查意见：系主任： 年 月 日
