1、Lets play a guessing game.,It is a book. 2. The book can tell the meanings of words. 3. It is a book which can tell the meanings of words.,1. It is a machine 2. The machine can fly very fast. 3. It is a machine that can fly very fast.,1. He was the first person 2. The person invented the lights. 3.
2、He was the first person who invented the lights.,She was the first woman. The woman won the Nobel Prize. 3. She was the first woman who won the Nobel Prize.,1.He is an actor. 2.The actors father is a very famous action movie star. 3. He is an actor whose father is a very famous action movie star.,1.
3、 It is a tool. 2.The tools function is cutting. 3. It is a tool whose function is cutting.,What type of clause are the red parts in the above sentences?,It is a tool whose function is cutting.,She was the first woman who won the Nobel Prize.,It is a machine that can fly very fast.,It is a book which
4、 can tell the meanings of words.,the Attributive Clause,Grammar,定语从句,Attributive Clause（定语从句） 概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.,定语从句,先行词,引导词,引导词,关系代词 :whowhomthatwhichwhose、as,关系副词:wherewhenwhy,关系代词的三大作用,1. 连接（主句和定语从句） 2. 替代（前面的先行词） 3. 成分（在定
5、语从句中要充当一定的成分） He found the book that he wanted.This is the car which he bought last year.,Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,the machine,Join the
6、following sentences:A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /which,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The g
7、irl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her
8、yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the foll
9、owing sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.,that/who/whom,The girl,注意避免重复, The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling., The boy is Tom. The boy has a round
10、face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom.(主语),The boy who has a round face is Tom., The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The boy who sits in front of me is Tom., The man is kind. Everyone likes him.,The man (who) everyone likes is kind.(宾语), The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.,The woman (
11、whom) we saw on the street got the job., The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.,定语从句三要素:,先行词,关系词, 从句,先行词,关系词,从句,This is the very book that interests me most.,先行词,关系词,从 句,Relative pronouns: who, whom which, that , whose,
12、who,who whom,whose,which,(which),whose,that,(that),whose,关系代词,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,The man I talked with is our teacher.,A person steals things is called a thief.,2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如 介词提前则不能省),The man I talked to is Mr. Li.,The man I talked is Mr. Li.,(who),who,(whom/who),to whom,关系代词,3.whose 是
13、代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。,Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book cover is red.,I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I saw a woman bag was stolen.,whose,whose,4.which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾 语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),These are the trees which were planted last year.,The TV set (which) he bought
14、 yesterday is made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,A plane is a machine can fly. (主语) The letter I received was from my father.（宾语） I dont like the people _ talk too much but do little.,1.that 人或物，作主语或宾语 (作宾 语可省略),who,that
15、,(that),The earth is round,_ we all know. _ is known to all, the earth is round,as,As,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,as 的使用,1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.,whic
16、h,2 _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.,As,as 的使用,Test how well you master it?,趣味定语从句竞赛,competition,(抢答),第一部分.找从句,指出下面各个定语从句中的先行词、关系词。,1. The boy who / that broke the window is called Jack. 2. The man (whom/who) I talked to just now is Mr. Li. 3. The car (that / which) he bought yesterda
17、y is a second-hand one. 4. Harry is the boy whose father is our maths teacher. 5. We live in a house whose window opens to the south.,(抢答),第二部分.观察总结,在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that,1. 当先行词为everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much, the one 等不定代词时。如：This book contains much / little that is usef
18、ul.这本书中有很多 / 没有多少有用的东西。I mean the one that was bought yesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。,2.当先行词被all, each, few, much, every, no, some, any 等不定代词修饰时。如：I have read all the book (that) you gave me.我把你给我的书都看了。There are some jobs (that) men cant do very well. 有些工作男人无法做好。,3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the first film
19、(that) I have seen since I came here.这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。This is the biggest apple (that) I have ever eaten.这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。,4. 先行词既指人又指物时。如：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools (that) we had visited.我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。,5. 先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。如：Mary is the only
20、friend (that) I have in Australia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。She is the very thief (that) the policeman is looking for.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。The last place they visited was the Summer Palace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。,6. 先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：This is a dictionary that will help you a lot.这是本对你很有帮助的字典。Dont cheat me. Im no lon
21、ger the boy that I was three years ago.别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。,which引导的非限制性定语从句。I have lost my pen, which I like very much.She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honor.She is always late for class, which makes the teacher angry.,第三部分.填空题,(必答),Fill in the blanks with who, w
22、hom, that, which or whose.,1. The earthquake _ hit the city in 1906 was the biggest in American history.,that / which,2. We dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in 1906 earthquake.,that / who,Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.,Fill in the blanks with who, whom, tha
23、t, which or whose.,3. The house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake,that/which,Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.,4 .The person _ you just talked to is Mr. Li.,(whom/who/that),Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.,5. Luckily none of the people _
24、I know were killed in the earthquake .,(who/whom/that),Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.,6. Harry is the boy _ mother is our maths teacher .,whose,Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.,7.Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.,which/that,Fill in the bla
25、nks with who, whom, that, which or whose.,8. Those _ will go to the park stay here.,who,Fill in the blanks with who, whom, that, which or whose.,9. That was all the money _ I had.,that,10. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school.,that,Fill in the blanks wi
26、th who, whom, that, which or whose.,1.The house _ we live in is very old. 2.Those are the shoes _ I lost last week. 3.That is the man _ found my handbag. 4.Lucy cant eat food _ has chocolate in it. 5.The car _ my uncle bought last month is very beautiful.,which/ that,which/ that,who/ that,which/ tha
27、t,which/ that,6. The village _ Guo Peng lives in is very far away. 7. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 8. I hate people _ talk much but do little. 9. The detective found the thieves _ robbed the Bank of Hawaii. 10. My aunt works in a university _ has over five thousand students.
28、,which/ that,who/ that,who/ that,who/ that,which/ that,第四部分.格言英译中,(抢答),1. God help those who help themselves .,天助自助者.,笑到最后的人才是英雄.,2. He who laughs last laughs best .,Translate the following English proverbs into Chinese and then pick out the attributive clauses.,3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall
29、 is not a true man .,不到长城非好汉.,知足者常乐.,4. He who is content (满足) is always happy.,(抢答),第五部分.模仿翻译,我喜欢你昨天买的那辆自行车。 I like the bike which you bought yesterday.,刚才说话的那个女孩是我的好朋友。 The girl who spoke just now is my friend.,在那边打篮球的那个男孩是我们班长。 The boy who is playing bascketball over there is our monitor.,你还记得我上次和他说话的那个人吗？ Do you remember the person whom I talked to last time?,那位父亲是医生的学生学习非常努力。 The student whose father is a doctor studies very hard.,Goodbye!,
