1、unit 4 public transport project 学案.Choose the best answers according to the text.1The purpose of this passage is mainly to_Aanalyze the causes of traffic problemsBconclude the solutions to traffic problemsCmake people aware of traffic problems and give advice on how to solve themDblame the traffic p
2、roblems on vehicle drivers2Which of the following is NOT drivers fault to lead to traffic problems?ASpeeding.BHeavy traffic.CBeing impatient in a traffic jam.DNot paying attention to surrounding traffic.3What does “This lack of control is an invitation to accidents.” most probably mean?AThis lack of
3、 control can prevent traffic problems.BThis lack of control can result in traffic problems.CThis lack of control proves successful to prevent traffic accidents.DTraffic accidents happen every day without any control.4How can a cyclist prevent a traffic accident?ARiding too close to vehicles.BSignall
4、ing when turning onto the correct side of the road.CRiding along the pavement.DRiding with overloads.5What shouldnt a pedestrian do when he crosses the road?ALooking both ways.BListening for cars.CRunning across the road.DWaiting for green lights.答案：1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C.Fill in the blanks with no mor
5、e than three words.Title Traffic Accidents and Road SafetyMain ideaThe number of road accidents and the deaths (1)arising_from those accidents has increased over the past year. Drivers of vehicles as well as (2)cyclists and pedestrians must be aware of the (3)potential causes of traffic accidents to
6、 prevent them.Potential causes about driversDrivers not paying attentionDrivers getting (4)annoyed in a traffic jamDrivers speaking on mobile phones(5)Drinking and drivingDrivers (6)speedingPotential causesabout cyclists and pedestriansCyclists not paying attentionRiding bicycles on the (7)pavementC
7、yclists carrying a passengerBicycles without lightsBicycles in need of (8)repairPedestrians crossing the road in the wrong way(9)Ignoring_traffic_lightsConclusion It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we (10)avoid_accidents by paying attention to road safety.单词拼写1He braked his car just
8、in time to avoid an accident.2Turn right at the second crossing and you will find the post office.3He should be punished for violating human rights.4The company was fined $ 2，000 for breaking safety regulations.5The problem may not arise,_but there is no harm in keeping our powder dry.6The three men
9、 seemed to have finished loading (装载) the truck.7The men were drunk, aggressive (挑衅的) and looking for a fight.8After the crash (撞车), an ambulance took the injured man to hospital.9I think we must have taken a wrong turning ( 拐弯处) somewhere.10He was drunk (喝醉的) so his car ran into a tree.拓展词汇11cyclis
10、t n骑自行车的人cycle vi.骑自行车12drunk adj.喝醉的 n.醉汉，酒鬼drink vt.喝，饮；喝酒13violate vt.违犯，违反；侵犯violation n违反，违犯；侵犯14load n负荷，负载；大量，许多 vt.装载，装上loaded adj.有负载的 unload v卸(货 )巧记单词cyclist cycle 去 eist派生词violation violate 去 eion.补全短语1arise from 起因于2be aware of 意识到3be true of 符合，对适用4in connection with 和有关5result in 导致6w
11、atch out for 密切注意7in particular 尤其，特别8be aimed at 旨在，目的是9in good condition 状况良好10listen for 留心听1教材原句This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians. 这对每个人都尤为重要，因为事故不只是影响到车辆驾驶员，而且还影响到骑自行车的人和行人。句型点拨as well as“既又；不但而且”，用来连接并列成分。佳句赏析He advised me as w
12、ell as answered my questions.他不但回答了我的问题，还给我提出了建议。2教材原句Many cyclists fail to pay attention to the cars that surround them, and often ride too close to cars to allow them space and time to stop.许多骑自行车的人不注意周围的汽车，而且经常骑得离它们太近，以至于汽车没有足够的空间和时间刹车。句型点拨too . to .“太而不能” 。佳句赏析The sentence is too difficult for m
13、e to translate.这个句子太难，我不会翻译。3教材原句It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.通过注意道路安全来确保避免交通事故是我们每个行人的责任。句型点拨Its up to sb. to do sth.“做某事是某人的责任，由某人决定做某事”。佳句赏析 Its up to all of us to solve the problems in our neighbourhood. 解决我们小区的问题是我们所有人的
14、责任。课 文 对 译Traffic Accidents and Road SafetyThe number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year. This notice is aimed at increasing peoples knowledge of the problem.We must all be aware of the potential causes of traffic accidents and act to preve
15、nt them. This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians. We all have a responsibility to prevent accidents.Below are some of the major causes of road accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars, minibuses and lorries, and what drivers shou
16、ld do to prevent them.Drivers not paying attention This is the most common cause of accidents. When drivers do not pay attention to surrounding traffic, they are not ready when another driver does something wrong, like turning without signalling or giving wrong signals.Drivers getting annoyed in a t
17、raffic jam Many drivers are aggressive and push into other lanes of traffic or pass other cars. These are both very dangerous because they can result in crashes.Drivers speaking on mobile phones Recently the number of people fined for speaking on their mobile phones while driving has increased by 30
18、 per cent. Speaking on the phone requires a person to concentrate and takes a drivers attention from the road.Drinking and driving If you drive after you have consumed alcoholic drinks or are drunk, you are violating the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others. If you are with s
19、omeone who has been drinking alcohol, even if it is just a couple of beers, do not allow them to drive.Drivers speeding Speed kills. This is a fact that is easily ignored, but driving too fast through city streets is very dangerous. Our city streets are always crowded with people, cars and bicycles.
20、 Drivers have to take the responsibility to watch out for people crossing the road, especially senior citizens who may not be able to walk very fast and young children who may not look before stepping into the road. Drivers should be careful near schools in particular, because there are likely to be
21、 many children.On the next page are some of the chief causes of road accidents related to cyclists and pedestrians, and what they should do to prevent accidents.Cyclists not paying attention Many cyclists fail to pay attention to the cars that surround them, and often ride too close to cars to allow
22、 them space and time to stop. Some cyclists make the assumption that traffic laws do not apply to them, but this is not true. Cyclists should always signal at turnings and stay on the correct side of the road.Riding bicycles on the pavement Sometimes bicycles are allowed on the pavement, but cycling
23、 on the pavement can be dangerous to pedestrians. When on the pavement, cyclists should walk next to their bicycles to avoid causing any accidents.Cyclists carrying a passenger Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control. This lack of control is an invitation t
24、o accidents.Bicycles without lights It is recommended to have a light on your bicycle at night. Check your light regularly to make sure it works, as many accidents are caused at night because a bicycle cannot be seen.Bicycles in need of repair Another cause of accidents is that bicycles are not kept
25、 in good condition. Often brakes do not work properly or tyres are so old that the bicycle cannot stop in time.Pedestrians crossing the road in the wrong way Road safety is important for pedestrians too. They should remember to be cautious, and look both ways and listen for cars that they might not
26、be able to see. Pedestrians should always cross the road on a crossing, and should never run across the road. Parents and teachers have a responsibility to teach children how to cross the road safely.Ignoring traffic lights Traffic lights are there to guide traffic in a reasonable way. Pedestrians,
27、cyclists and drivers should all obey traffic lights, stopping when the light is red and waiting for it to turn green to go.It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.交通事故与道路安全在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死亡人数均有所增长。此通告目的在于提高人们对这一问题的认识。我们都必须知道造成交通事故的潜
28、在原因并采取措施防止事故发生。这对每个人都尤为重要，因为事故不只是影响车辆驾驶员，而且影响到骑自行车的人和行人。我们大家都有责任预防事故的发生。以下是一些与车辆(如轿车、中巴、卡车 )相关的道路事故的主要原因以及为防止事故司机们应做的事。司机注意力不集中这是事故发生最常见的原因。当司机们没有注意周围的交通状况，当另一个司机出了差错，如未打信号灯或给出了错误的信号突然变道时，他们会毫无准备。交通阻塞时司机没有耐心许多司机都会变得暴躁并转入其他车道或超车。这两种情况都非常危险，因为它们容易导致撞车。司机驾驶时用手机打电话近来，因驾车时用手机打电话而被罚款的司机人数增长了 30%。驾驶时手机通话需要
29、集中注意力，这样就分散了司机开车的注意力。酒后驾车如果你酒后驾车或者醉酒驾车，那么你是在犯法并且拿自己和他人的生命在冒险。如果一直喝酒的人和你在一起，即使只是喝了几杯啤酒，也不要让他开车。超速驾驶超速是致命的。这是一个容易被忽视的事实，但在城市街道间驾驶过快是非常危险的。我们的城市街道总是挤满了行人、小汽车和自行车。司机们有责任留意过马路的人群，尤其是那些行动缓慢的老人和过马路时不注意两边观看的孩子们。司机们开到学校附近尤其要小心，因为那里有可能有许多孩子。下面是涉及骑自行车的人和行人的交通事故的主要原因，以及为防止事故他们应该做的事。骑自行车的人注意力不集中许多骑自行车的人不注意周围的车辆，
30、而且经常骑得与车辆太近，以至于车辆没有足够的时间和空间刹车。一些骑自行车的人认为他们可以不遵守交通规则，这是不正确的。骑自行车的人转弯时应该示意并且只能在规定的道路一侧骑。在人行道上骑车有时候骑自行车的人可以在人行道上骑，但是在人行道上骑车对行人是很危险的，当在人行道上时，骑自行车的人应该推车走以避免事故的发生。骑车带人用自行车带上重物使得车子难以控制，而缺乏控制就会诱发事故。无灯的自行车晚上骑车建议你在车上装个灯。定期检查灯是否完好，因为许多事故是由于晚上自行车未能被看见而造成的。失修的自行车事故的另一个原因是自行车太破旧。经常是刹车不灵或车胎太旧以致不能及时刹车。行人乱穿马路道路安全对行人
31、也很重要。行人过马路时应该记住要小心谨慎，要向左右两边看，而且对可能看不见的车子要注意听。行人总是在斑马线上过马路，一定不要横穿马路。父母和老师有责任教孩子们怎样安全地过马路。忽视交通灯交通灯合理地指挥着交通。行人、骑车的人和司机们都应该服从交通信号灯，遇到红灯要停，待它变绿时才走。要确保道路安全、避免事故，一切都在于道路使用者。1(教材 P62)The number of road accidents and the deaths arising from those accidents has increased over the past year.在过去的一年里，道路事故及由此造成的死
32、亡人数均有所增长。arise vi.出现，产生Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.在他们进行实验的过程中，出现了意想不到的困难。arise from/out of 起因，由引起In my opinion, your sleeplessness is likely to arise_from/out_of the pressure of your work.依我看，你失眠很可能是工作压力造成的。名师点津 arise 的主语多为 argument, problem, question, quarrel, m
33、ovement 等抽象名词。易混辨析 arise (arose; arisen) vi.意为“ 出现，产生 ”；表示“起床；起身”时较正式rise (rose; risen) vi.表示“升起；增高”raise (raised; raised) vt.表示“ 举起；提出；抚养；筹集 ”形象记忆选择上述单词填空They are talking about the problems arising out of the lack of communication.We were watching the children raising the national flag, and we saw
34、it rising slowly in the wind.2(教材 P62)This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians.这对每个人都尤为重要，因为事故不只是影响到车辆驾驶员，而且还影响到骑自行车的人和行人。be true of 符合，对适用Forgiving others faults actually brings happiness to me. It is true of all of us.原谅别人的过错确实给我带来快乐。这也适用
35、于我们大家。Parents of young children often become depressed, and this_is_especially_true_of single parents.孩子很小的父母经常会变得沮丧，尤其是单亲的父母。3(教材 P62)Below are some of the major causes of road accidents in connection with vehicles such as cars, minibuses and lorries, and what drivers should do to prevent them.以下是涉
36、及车辆比如汽车、中巴和货车的一些道路事故的主要原因，以及为防止事故发生司机们应做的事。in connection with 和有关A man has been arrested in connection with the murder of the teenager.一名男子因与谋杀少年案有关而被捕。A man is being questioned by the police in_connection_with the attack.一名与该次袭击有关的男子正受到警方的盘问。have (no) connection with 和有/无关联/ 关系The company has_conne
37、ction_with a number of African firms.这家公司与很多非洲的公司有业务往来。I have no immediate connection with the visitor.我和这个来访者没有直接关系。联想发散 你还知道哪些表示“与有关(联)系”的短语？be connected with be linked tobe related to4.(教材 P62)These are both very dangerous because they can result in crashes.这两种情况都非常危险，因为它们很容易导致撞车。crash(1)v.撞车，碰撞，
38、(飞机等)失事；发出撞击声或巨响；失败，倒闭The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.飞机失事的消息让我们非常难过。The table shook suddenly, and all the glasses came crashing onto the floor.桌子突然摇晃起来，所有的杯子哗啦一声摔碎在地板上。(2)n.碰撞，撞车事故；失败，破产；碰撞声A lot of passengers were killed in the train crash.许多旅客在那起火车撞车事故中丧生了。The first distant crash_
39、of_thunder shook the air.远处的第一声霹雳震撼着天空。5(教材 P62)If you drive after you have consumed alcoholic drinks or are drunk, you are violating the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others.如果你酒后或醉酒开车，那么你是在犯法并且危及自己和他人的生命。violate vt.违犯，违反；侵犯These findings appear to violate the laws of physic
40、s.这些研究结果似乎有违物理定律。She accused the press photographers of violating_her_privacy她控告新闻摄影记者侵犯了她的隐私。It is reported that the man violated the law, because he violated other peoples copyright.据报道，这个人违犯了法律，因为他侵犯了别人的版权。6(教材 P63)Carrying more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control
41、.在你的自行车上加上重物会使自行车更难以控制。load n负荷，负载，大量；许多 vt.装载，装上，装入(1)a load of/loads of 许多，大量take a load off ones mind 消除某人的思想负担 /顾虑(2)load . with . 用装满load . onto . 把装到上I have a load of problems to deal with.我有许多问题要解决。They are loading the truck with fresh fruits. They are_loading fresh fruits onto the truck.他们正在
42、往卡车上装新鲜水果。Word familyDuring hot weather, the citys electrical system is often overloaded by fans and air conditioners.天气炎热时，这座城市的电力系统常常因电风扇和空调而超负荷使用。7This is true of everyone as accidents affect drivers of vehicles as well as cyclists and pedestrians.这对每个人都尤为重要，因为事故不只是影响到车辆驾驶员，而且还影响到骑自行车的人和行人。用法分析(1
43、)as well as “既又；不但而且” ，用来连接并列成分。We are repairing the roof as well as painting the walls.我们在粉刷墙壁同时也在修理屋顶。A teacher should entertain as well as teach.教师不仅要教书，也要引起学生兴趣。(2)当 as well as 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与前一个主语保持一致。He as well as his parents doesnt_think that the house is worth buying.不仅是他父母，他也认为那座房子不值得
44、买。名师点津 A as well as B 强调 A, 谓语动词按照就前原则，与 A 相一致；not only A but also B 强调 B，谓语动词遵循就近原则，与 B 相一致。Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。Not only he but also his brothers are coming to see you.不仅他，他的兄弟们也要来看你。联想发散 与 as well as 用法类似，在连接并列成分作主语时，谓语的人称和数应与其前面的主语保持一致的词语还有：with, together wi
45、th, along with 等。8It is up to all of us road users to make sure that we avoid accidents by paying attention to road safety.通过注意交通安全来确保避免交通事故是我们每个行人的责任。用法分析Its up to sb. to do sth. 表示“做某事是某人的责任/职责，由某人决定做某事”。Its not up to you to tell me how to do my job.还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的工作。When shall we go to the hospita
46、l to see our teacher?It is up to you. I am free at any time.我们什么时候去医院看望老师？由你决定。我什么时候都有空。Shall we go out for a picnic or stay at home?Its_up_to_you我们出去野餐还是待在家里？由你决定。联想发散 总结 up to 的多种含义：直到；达到，_至多；胜任，有资格做；由决定；正在做(秘密或不该做的事).单项填空1What is the price of petrol these days?Oh, it _ sharply since last month.Ai
47、s raised Bhas risenChas arisen Dis increased解析：选 B。rise 指太阳、月亮、水蒸气、云彩、产量、生活水平等的上升，或人的起立和起床，用作不及物动词。raise 的意思是“使上升，提高，举起，饲养 ”等，用作及物动词，其后一定要有宾语。arise 不用于价格的上涨，而本题主语是价格。且由 since last month 可知要用现在完成时，故 B 项正确。2The young man said he was fully _ of the crossroads he had reached, and that he would choose ca
48、refully.Aunfortunate BcautiousCconfident Daware解析：选 D。根据下文的信息 “他来到十字路口”和“他会小心地”可知，上文应该表示“他完全清楚他所到的路口” ，言下之意要小心，当心出事，因此应该用形容词 aware，和介词 of 搭配，表示“ 清楚，意识到”。3He likes football. The same is _ his wife.Aas BlikeCtrue Dtrue of解析：选 D。be true of sb.“对某人来说也是如此/ 一样的”。题干表示“他喜欢足球，他妻子也是如此。 ”as 和 like 在这里搭配不当。4It is said that his carelessness and ignorance together _ a terrible fire, which burned down the building.Aresulted in Bresulted fromCturned out Dworked out解析：选 A。考查动词短语辨析。 result in“导致，引起” ；result fr
