1、反意疑问句在初中英语中出现了反意疑问句。此句式由两部分构成：陈述句+简短问句。其结构有两种：肯定陈述句+否定简短问句;否定陈述句+肯定简短问句（即我们平时所说的“前肯后否，前否后肯” ） 。这是反意疑问句的一般格式，但在实际运用中与规则不同的特殊形式比比皆是。本文拟谈谈反意疑问句的特殊形式：一、祈使句后的反意疑问句：祈使句后加一个反意疑问句，使祈使句变得更加委婉。肯定祈使句的反意疑问句通常用 will you, wont you, would you, can you, cant you 等来表达不同的含义。在否定的祈使句后的反意疑问句通常只用 will you。1、表示“请求” ，肯定祈使句
2、的反意疑问句用 will you。如：Give me a hand, will you? Pass me a book, will you?2、表示“邀请” 、 “劝诱”时，肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用 wont you。如：Have another cup of tea, wont you?3、表示“催促” 、 “不耐烦”时，肯定祈使句后的反意疑问句用 cant you。如：Stop talking, cant you?4、用“Lets”开头的肯定祈使句表示“提议、建议、主张” ，其后的反意疑问句用 shall we。如：Lets have a try, shall we?但是以 Let us
3、或 Let me开头的祈使句后的反意疑问句则要用 will you。如：Let us go now, will you?5、否定祈使句的反意疑问句只用 will you。如：Dont take away my dictionary, will you?以 Lets not开头的祈使句后的反意疑问句用 all right 或 OK。如：Lets not go fishing, all right? Lets not talk about it any more, OK?二、复合句的反意疑问：复合句的反意疑问的主谓语要视其主要内容而定，不能一概说以主句为准还是以从句为准。1、多数复合句后的反意疑问
4、句的主、谓语同主句的主、谓语一致。如：He said he was a teacher, didnt he? John thinks the rain is ending, doesnt he?You dont mind if I go now, do you?2、主句是 I think(suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine, feel, am afraid, hear, say 等)+宾语从句时，反意疑问句的主、谓语应与从句的主、谓语一致。如：I dont think he will come, will he? I heard
5、 that he was very honest, wasnt he?3、并列复合句的反意疑问句的主、谓语应与相近的分句的主、谓语相一致。如：John isnt a hard-working student, for he has been late for three times, hasnt he?三、含有情态动词或助动词的反意疑问句：1、当陈述部分含有情态动词 must，其意义表示“必须、必要”时，其后的反意疑问句用mustnt 或 neednt。如：You must do it today, mustnt you? She must look after her sister, nee
6、dnt she?如果 must 的含义表示“一定是、想必”等推测意义时，其后的反意疑问句则要依据句中的谓语动词的时态结构采用 be/have/did/do+not 等相应形式。如：He must bee ill, isnt he? You must have seen the film before, havent you?2、如果陈述部分用了 must have+P.P.(过去分词)，但明示或暗示了过去的时间，其反意疑问句用过去时。如：He must have seen him yesterday, didnt he?3、陈述部分含情态动词 ought to，其后反意疑问句用 oughtnt
7、 或 shouldnt 均可。如：I ought to come here, oughtnt I? You ought to go by ship, shouldnt you?4、陈述部分含情态动词 used to，其后反意疑问句用 usednt 或 didnt 均可。如：Tom used to live here, usednt he? They used to work in the shop, didnt they?5、陈述部分含有 have/has/had to 时，其后的反意疑问句用 do 的相应形式。如：You have to go, dont you? He has to sta
8、y in bed all day, doesnt he?I had to keep it well, didnt I?但是在陈述句中用 have/has/had got to 来代替 have/has/had to 时，反意疑问句用 have 的相应形式。如：Ann has got to see a doctor, hasnt she?You havent got to go to school on Sunday, have you?6、陈述部分有 had better/would rather 时，其后的反意疑问句用 hadnt/wouldnt。如：Youd better not stay
9、 here, had you? They would rather take this one, wouldnt they?四、陈述句主语是某些不定代词的反意疑问句：1、陈述句部分主语是 everything, something, anything, nothing 时，其后的反意疑问句主语用 it。如：Everything seems all right, doesnt it? Nothing is in the box, is it?2、陈述部分的主语是 everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, no one, none, eithe
10、r, some one 时，其后的反意疑问句用主语 they 以兼顾所指代的男、女两性。如：Everybody has got the new books, havent they?Anyone can do that, cant they? No one is interested in that, are they?3、陈述部分主语是不定代词 one 时，其后的反意疑问句一般用主语 one。如：One cant be always careful, can one?五、含有否定词或半否定词的反意疑问句：1、陈述部分含有 no, never, seldom, hardly, rarely,
11、scarely, few, little 等否定或半否定意义的词时，都视为否定，故反意疑问句部分用肯定形式。如：Few people knew the answer, did they? Little Fran hardly says such words, does he?2、如果陈述部分的否定意义只是由单词加否定前缀构成时，其后的反意疑问句一般要用否定形式。如：He is unhappy, isnt he?六、陈述部分的主语是指示代词的反意疑问句：1、陈述部分主语是指示代词 this, that 时，其后的反意疑问句用主语 it。如：This is important, isnt it?2
12、、陈述部分主语是指示代词 these, those 时，其后的反意疑问句用主语 they。如：Those are mine, arent they?七、反意疑问句的其他特殊形式：1、陈述部分是“Im”结构时，其后的反意疑问句用 arent I？如：I am a student, arent I ?2、陈述部分是 there be 或 there live, there stand, there used to be 等结构时，其后的反意疑问句用主语 there。如：There is something wrong with your bike, isnt there?There lived a king here many years ago, didnt there?3、陈述部分的主语是动词不定式、动名词短语以及词组或从句时，其后的反意疑问句用主语it。如：Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes, isnt it?What the teacher said is true, isnt it?4、感叹句后的反意疑问句，动词用 be 的现在时，主语根据具体内容而定。如：What a clever girl, isnt she? How beautiful the flowers are, arent they?
