1、第八讲 八年级(上) Units 910,中考基础知识梳理类别 课标考点要求词汇攻关1.prepare( 名词)_preparation_2invite( 名词 )_invitation_3accept (反义词 )_refuse_来源:学优高考网4with(反义词)_without_5surprise ( 形容词) 令人惊奇的_surprising_(形容词) 感到惊奇的 _surprised_6.open( 名词)_opening_ (反义词)关闭_close_(反义词的形容词)关闭的_closed_7advice (动词)_advise _8normal(副词)_normally_9ce
2、rtain(副词)_certainly_10understand( 名词)_understanding_短语归纳1.为 做准备 _prepare_for_2其他时间，别的时间_another_time_3闲逛，常去某处_hang _out_4前天_the_ day_before_yesterday_5后天_the_day _after_tomorrow_6照料，照顾 _look_after_7拒绝_turn_down_8.去旅行_take_a_trip_9盼望，期待_look_forward_to_10保守秘密_keepto_oneself_11分成两半_in_half_12去看医生_go_t
3、o_the_doctor_13患流感_have _the_flu_14以书面形式回复_reply_in_writing_to_句型再现1.“星期六下午你能来参加我的聚会吗？”“当然了，非常乐意。”_Can_you_come_to_ my party on Saturday afternoon?Sure，_Id_love _to_2真抱歉，我没有空。Im sorry.Im _not_available_3萨姆要一直待到下周三才走。Sam _isnt_leaving_until_ next Wednesday.4事先不通知斯蒂恩老师，把她带到聚会上来，以便让她感到惊喜。Bring Ms.Steen
4、 to the party _without_telling_her_ so that she can be _surprised_7.如果他们今天聚会，会发生什么事？_What_will_happen_ if they have the party today?8能请你给我一些建议吗？Can you _give_me_some_advice_ please?9如果我们不和别人说一说自己的烦恼，我们当然会感到更糟糕。_Unless_we_talk_to_someone_，well certainly feel worse.10他认为第一步就是找个信任的人去倾诉。来源:学优高考网gkstkHe
5、thinks the first step is _to_find_someone_you_trust_to_talk_to_11在英语中，我们说与人分担一个烦恼就像把麻烦分5我盼望你们的答复。I _look_forward_to_hearing_from_ you all.6希望你能应约！Hope you can _make_it_！成两半。In English， we say that _sharing_a_problem_ is like _cutting_it_in_half_12因此，只要跟别人聊聊这个问题，你就已经解决了问题的一半！So youre _halfway_to_solv
6、ing_ a problem just by talking to someone about it！语法结构 条件状语从句。话题1.Cooking(烹饪)2Invitations(邀请)3Making Plans( 制定计划),怀化五年中考真题演练条件状语从句( C )1.(2016怀化中考)If it doesnt rain tomorrow，I _ fishing with my father.Ago Bwent C will go重点句子2I want a pen pal in China.(英汉互译)_我想要一个中国的笔友。_,怀化中考重难点突破辨析turn on，turn off，
7、turn up与turn down【满分点拨】turn on意为 “(把水源、煤气、电源等)打开”，其反义词组为turn off。turn down意为“(把收音机的音量、灯等)关小、调低”，其反义词组为turn up。这些短语中on，off，up，down 均为副词，后接代词时，应放在词组中间；后接名词时，放中间放后面均可。如：She sat down and turned up the radio.她坐下来，把收音机开大。The radio is very loud.Can you turn it down a little？收音机声音太大，你能开小一点吗？Turn up the radi
8、o.(Turn the radio up.)把收音机的声音调大一点。【归纳拓展】open/close“开/关”open指把关着的门、窗、箱、盒等打开，反义词为close 。如：Its hot in the room.Open the window，please.屋里很热。请把窗子打开。Remember to close the door when you leave.离开时记着关上门。图解助记：【考点抢测】1The room is a little cold.I want to _turn_on_ the heat.2I was so surprised that he _turned_out
9、_(出席) my invitation.3I can hardly hear the radio.Could you please _turn_ it _up_( 开大点)?4Nothing could make the brave man _turn_against_(与反目) his motherland.5Dont rush.Please wait in line and get on the bus _in_turn_(依次地，轮流地) ( B )6.(2016重庆中考) Its getting dark.Could you please_the light for me?All ri
10、ght.Just a minute.Akeep on Bturn on Ctry on( B )7.(2016攀枝花中考)Would you please_your MP3 a little？Your baby sister is sleeping.Aturn up Bturn down Cturn onfill的用法【满分点拨】辨析full与fillfull是形容词，意思是“满的”，与of 组成be full of短语。如：The bottle is full of water.瓶子里装满了水。fill作动词，意思是“装满”，与with 组成be filled with，表示“用把装满”。如
11、：The basket is filled with apples by the old man.那位老人给篮子装满了苹果。【考点抢测】8I am sorry.Your paper is _full_of _(充满) mistakes.9He _filled_his life _with_(用填满) busy work and endless sadness.10He remembered losing a schoolbag _full/filled_of/with_(装满) books.( B )11.(2016娄底中考模拟)I picked up a wallet _money on m
12、y way home.Afill with Bfull of Cfill ofuntil的用法【满分点拨】until的用法：用于肯定句，意思是“直到”，谓语动词应为持续性动词。用于否定句，和not构成“notuntil”结构，意思是“直到才”，谓语动词一般为终止性动词。如：She didnt go to bed until 12：00 last night.昨天晚上她直到12点才睡觉。They wont get up until 11 oclock next morning.他们直到第二天上午11点才起床。图解助记：【温馨提示】当until引导时间状语从句时，从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时
13、；用一般过去时代替过去将来时。【考点抢测】12我直到完成作业才回家。I wont go home _until_ I finish my homework.13昨晚我们等到大雨停了。Yesterday we waited _until_the heavy rain stopped.( A )14.(2016攀枝花中考 )Shall we go now?No，lets wait_the rain stops.Auntil B when Cifinvite的用法【满分点拨】来源:学优高考网invite为动词，意为“邀请，恳请”，常见搭配有：invite sb.to场合(如party，concert
14、等)invite sb.to地点(如house ，park等)invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事如：Jim invited me to his house.吉姆邀请我去他家。Ill invite Lily to have dinner with me.我将邀请莉莉和我共进晚餐。【知识拓展】派生词：invitation (n.) 邀请Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。【考点抢测】( A )15.(2016郴州中考 )Why are you so excited?Nancy invited me_on a trip to Dongjiang L
15、ake just now.Ato go Bgo Cgoing16Thanks for _inviting_(invite) me to your birthday party.17I received his invitation_ to the film，but I didnt go because of the strong wind.18He didnt _invite _me_to_have_dinner_(邀请我吃晚饭) with them.19She was polite but she didnt _invite_ me _in_(邀请我进去)keep的常用短语【满分点拨】句型
16、含义 例句keep doingsth.继续干某事(keep后不能接不定式或表示静止状态的v.ing形式，而必须接延续性的动词。)Keep passing the ball to each other，and youll be OK.坚持互相传球，你们就行。来源:学优高考网keep ondoing sth. 持续做某事The pupil kept on asking me the same question.这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。keepfromdoing sth. 阻止做某事The heavy snow kept us from going out.大雪使我们不能出去。keep sb.
17、/sth.doing sth.保持/让始终做某事He kept me waiting for him yesterday.昨天他让我一直等着他。来源:gkstk.Comkeep sb./sth.adj. 保持Doing exercise can keep us healthy.做锻炼能保持我们健康。【考点抢测】( B )20.(2016株洲中考模拟)The heavy rain kept the students from_to the park.Ato go Bgoing Ctocatch v及时赶上；接住；抓住【满分点拨】catch一词多义记心中【考点抢测】21他们不得不早起去赶早班公交车
18、。They had to get up early_to_ _catch_ the early bus.22你要努力才能赶上班里的其他同学。You should work hard to _catch_ _up_ _with_ the other classmates.23We got up early and _caught_ early train back.advice n劝告；建议【满分点拨】advice的用法(1)advice“劝告；建议”，是不可数名词，无复数形式，也不能直接与不定冠词连用。(2)表达数量时要借助于piece ，a piece of advice“一条建议”；two
19、 pieces of advice“两条建议”。【归纳拓展】ask sb.for advice向某人征求意见give sb.advice on sth.就某事向某人提建议take ones advice听取某人的建议advise动词，意为“建议”，常用于advise sb.to do sth.【考点抢测】24你能给我一些建议吗？Can you give me _some_ _advice_ please?25我要给你提一条建议。Ill give you _a_ _piece_ _of_ _advice_( B )26.(2016河北中考)Your_is very helpful.I guess
20、 Ill take it.Asecret Badvice Cpromise( A )27.(2016苏州中考 )Our teacher often advises me_the habit of making notes while reading.Ato develop Bdevelop Cdevelopingunless conj.除非；如果不【满分点拨】(1)unless连词，意为“除非；如果不”；引导条件状语从句，表达否定意义。(2)主句用一般将来时，unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。【温馨提示】unless可与if引导的否定的条件状语从句进行同义句转换。如：Well go
21、hiking unless it rains tomorrow.Well go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我们将去远足。【考点抢测】28如果我们不与人交谈，我们必定会感觉更糟。_Unless_ we talk to someone，well certainly feel worse.29I wont go to the party unless Tom _invites_(invite) me.( B )30.(2016青海中考)You will succeed finally_you give up halfway.Aif Bunle
22、ss C even thoughDo you know how_to_plant_a_tree？你知道怎样植树吗？【满分点拨】“疑问词不定式”是由疑问代词who ，whom，what，which ；疑问副词when ，how，where等加不定式构成，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分。【归纳拓展】(1)“疑问词不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时只需在疑问词后加一适当主语，并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语。(2)“疑问词不定式”结构经常放在tell，show，teach，learn ，know，wonder，discuss，remember，forget ，find
23、 out等动词(词组)之后作宾语。如：The young woman doesnt know what to do.这位年轻女士不知道做什么。【考点抢测】( B )31.(2016成都中考) Ill have a tenday holiday.But I dont know_How about Paris?Awhat to doBwhere to goCwhen to goIf we ask people to bring food，theyll just bring potato chips and chocolate because theyll be too lazy to cook.如
24、果我们让大家带食物的话，他们将只会带薯条和巧克力，因为他们太懒而不想做饭。【满分点拨】(1)“tooadj./adv.to do sth.”句型，意为“太而不能”。(2)“tooadj./adv.to do sth.”句型中，动词不定式常加不定式的逻辑主语for sb.。如：This English book is too difficult for me to read.这本英语书太难了，我读不懂。(3)“tooadj./adv.to do sth.”句型，可与notenough to do句型转换；亦可与so/suchthat句型转换，此时that 从句用否定结构。如：He is too
25、young to do the work.He is not old enough to do the work.He is so young that he cannot do the work.【考点抢测】( B )32.(2016怀化二中模拟) I havent seen my grandparents for long.Im too busy _ them these days.Why not call them instead?Avisit Bto visit Cvisiting( C )33.Lucy isnt_old_enough_to carry box.Ais so youn
26、g that she canBisnt young enough toCis too young to,中考热点素材拓展网络流行新词汇(2016永州中考)As the Internet is developing fast，more and more new words and phrases have been created in Chinese.Here are some examples.One of the most popular words is Dianzan，which is often used when you quite agree with someone，Anoth
27、er example is Renxing.When you say somebody is Renxing，you mean that they will do whatever they like.The phrase Miaosha first came from online shopping，which means you can complete your shopping orders before others.But now its widely used when you achieve your purpose in a very short time.If you de
28、scribe somebody as a Tuhao，you mean that he is very rich.You can find lots of such new Chinese words.Keep learning and youll know more about Chinese culture.( C )1.When you quite agree with someone，you may say_ARenxing BMiaosha CDianzan( B )2.What does Renxing mean in English?ASomeone can complete h
29、is/her shopping orders before others.BSomeone will do whatever he/she likes.CHe/She is very rich.( B )3.How many kinds of Internet language are mentioned in the passage?AThree BFour CFive( A )4.What does the underlined word“purpose”mean in Chinese?A目标 B讨论 C成功( B )5.Which of the following is Right according to the passage?ANow，fewer and fewer words and phrases have been created in Chinese.BMiaosha has been created two meanings in Chinese.CYou can find lots of new Chinese words without learning.
