1、吉林省长春市 2018 届高三年级四模英语试题第一部分 听力(1-20 小题)（百强校英语解析团队专供） 在笔试结束后进行。第二部分 阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABeginning life at college naturally develops both excitement and anxiety for many reasons. Fors ome, this feeling is quickly overcome as
2、 they adapt to a new environment; for others the change takes longer and sometimes appears as homesickness.If you are homesick, you might notice an increase in:Low energy or motivation.Trouble sleeping.Increases/decreases in appetite.Having difficulty with school.Increased use of drugs or alcohol.La
3、ck of interest or involvement in new surroundings.CAUSESThe distance from homethe farther you go, the worse it may be.Unhappiness when things are different from your expectations of student life.You have finally arrived at college after working toward it for so long.A heavy workload.Students who are
4、 homesick often feel they have no control over their environment.WHAT MIGHT HELP?Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind, but also give yourself time within the university to begin to get involved here.Be realistic about what to expect from student life and from yourself. Set up a
5、balance between work and leisure.If work is proving too difficult, you may need to improve your study skills or your organization of time.Remember to get enough food and sleep! These affect you emotionally as well as physically.Make contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or ot
6、her interests.If you stop being able to do normal social and academic things, seek professional help either from your advisor or dean or the counseling service.1. What might be a sign of feeling homesick?A. Feeling like quarreling with someone else.B. Becoming interested in study than ever before.C.
7、 Finding food or fruit less attractive.D. Participating in almost all activities in college.2. New college students might be homesick because .A. they are never far away from their parentsB. they feel upset about something unexpectedC. they suddenly do not have anything to doD. they do not like the
8、university they are in3. Which of the following measures might be helpful for homesick students according to the text?A. Keeping their old friends left behind.B. Reminding themselves to keep busy and forget it.C. Forcing themselves to stay in their dorms on weekends.D. Going in for sports with their
9、 friends.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。1. 细节理解题。由原文“Increases/decreases in appetite.”可知，如果一个人想家，就有可能增加或减少食欲，所以 C 选项“感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项“想跟别人吵架” 、 “对学习比以前更感兴趣”和“几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。所以答案选 C。2. 细节理解题。由原文“Unhappiness when things are different from your expectat
10、ions of student life.”可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。所以 B 选项“他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。所以答案选 B。3. 推理判断题。由原文“Keep in good contact with the people you have left behind”可知，要跟留下的人保持联系，所以 A 选项“要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。由原文“Set up a balance between work and leisure.”可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以 B 选项“提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。由原文“M
11、ake contacts and friends through shared activities such as sports or other interests.”可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来结识其他朋友，所以 C 选项“强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而 D 选项“跟朋友一起运动”是正确的。所以答案选 D。BFei-Fei Li arrived in the U. S. from China at age 16 with many big dreams. And it took many unusual jobs to help her achieve them. Lucki
12、ly, she was smart and extremely driven. And today, shes the director of Stanford Universitys artificial intelligence lab.As one of the leaders in the world for A. L., I feel much excitement and responsibility to create the most awesome and excellent technology for society and to educate the most awe
13、some and excellent technologiststhats my calling.” Li said.She is also a loyal advocate for diversity in the tech industry.“I see extremely talented Stanford PhD students struggling with their visas and I find it unthinkable that we create so many barriers for the talents of the world, Li said. Whil
14、e Li was in college at Princeton, she borrowed money from friends and even her high school math teacher to run a dry-cleaning business for her parents in order to help them get by. Li attended classes during the week and worked at the business on the weekends. Then, when Li was in graduate school, h
15、er mom developed cancer and had a stroke (中风). It was difficult to keep moving ahead while all of this was happening. The real existential challenge is to live up to your fullest potential, live up to your sense of responsibility and to be honest to yourself about your dreams while doing it, she sai
16、d.Li was named a Great Immigrant of 2016 by the Carnegie Corporation, the nations oldest grant making foundation which honors roughly 40 naturalized U. S. citizens each year. Her graduate studies were supported by the Paul while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the
17、wide tube. The crows obviously didnt realize this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks. In a 2011 study, chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a s
18、mall amount of water at the bottom.12. How did the crows get the snack in Sarahs experiment?A. By breaking the tube.B. By dropping in erasers.C. By standing on the wood.D. By removing the wood.13. What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in paragraph 4?A. They were unable to tell d
19、ifferent shapes.B. They dropped objects only into narrow tubes.C. They were not aware of the snack at first sight.D. 1hey mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.14. What does the text mainly focus on?A. Stories of Aesops Fables.B. The development of crows.C. Crows intelligence.D. Human-anima
20、l communication.15. What can we learn from the passage?A. Crows are almost as clever as first-graders in some respects.B. Crows understand water displacement completely.C. Chimps and children are much smarter than crows.D. The story of “The crow and the Pitcher” lacks evidence.【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C
21、15. A【解析】这是一篇科普类文章。文章主要讲了科学家通过喝水实验对乌鸦智商的研究。12. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.”可知，乌鸦能够把橡皮擦扔到管子里，使食物浮起，然后吃到食物。所以选项 B 正确。13. 语句猜测题。从第四段可知，实验中的乌鸦在面对粗细不同的管子时，虽然细管比粗管需要更少的水和时间就可以把食物浮起来，但是乌鸦往往先去粗管那边，而没有选
22、择更容易浮起食物的细管。由此可知，这一句话的意思应该是“鸟儿大多没有选择更容易的方式得到零食” 。所以答案选 D。14. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.”以及后面的几个实验可知，整篇文章都是围绕乌鸦的智商问题来展开的。所以答案选 C。15. 推理判断题。根据“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as fir
23、st-graders.”可知，鸟儿在一些方面几乎跟一年级小学生一样聪明。所以选项 A 正确。根据第四段的实验可知，乌鸦并不能很好的理解排水量问题。所以选项 B 错误。根据最后一段的实验可知，黑猩猩和儿童跟乌鸦一样可以解决类似的问题，这不能说明他们比乌鸦聪明。所以选项 C 错误。第二段第一句“Now scientists have evidence to back up that story.”可知，科学家们已经有关于这则寓言的证据了。所以选项 D 错误。【点睛】语句猜测题要求考生根据语境的意义，判断划线的短语和句子在文中的指代含义。考生虽然可能这一句话的每个单词都认识，但并不是直白的翻译出来就
24、可以。必须结合上下文的逻辑关系和文章的语境，来判断该语句的深层含义或者说是“言外之义” 。例如本文的第二题， “the birds handled awkwardly”这句话直译过来就是“鸟儿的操作很笨拙” ，但是显然题目的答案中没有这一选项。这时我们就要找出它的深层含义，根据下文的实验，我们发现在面对粗细不同的两只管子时，乌鸦们大多选择粗管，而没有选择更容易的细管，也就是没有使用更容易的方式得到零食。这时我们就可以找到最符合题意的答案:选项 D 它们大多避免了更容易得到零食的方式。第二节(共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据主文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项
25、。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Overcome DepressionSuffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month. Depression is a weakening condition that can make it impossible for you to enjoy your daily existence. To overcome your depression, you have to first determine if what y
26、oure feeling are the symptoms of depression. _16_While medications can help relieve symptoms, it is still important for depressed persons to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it.Keep yourself busy. Fill your schedule with events and activities you love. Keeping
27、 a busy schedule w ill force you to stay active, focused, and thinking about the next thing on your plate. You can draw up a schedule for each day at the start of the week, or simply plan out each day the night before. _17_Improve your diet. _18_Even if youre losing your appetite, you need to be det
28、ermined to eat three meals a day. You dont need to try to lose weight or be incredibly healthy-conscious when youre dealing with your depression, but eating healthier food regularly will improve your mental and physical state.Think positively. Being a more positive thinker will help you look at your
29、 life and world in a way that fills you with hope instead of despair. To think more positively, you should learn how to recognize your negative thoughts and to fight them with stronger positive thoughts whenever you can. For a jump start, find at least five things to be grateful for. _19_20_ Neglect
30、ing personal hygiene (卫生) is a common side effect of depression. While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks, if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day, you will feel better about yourself. Shower daily, brush your teeth and wash your hair.A. Control y
31、our emotions.B. Improve your appearance.C Most importantly be happy about every single day.D. Whichever method you choose, make a goal of sticking to it.E. However, not everyone knows depression has a positive side.F. Eating a healthy, balanced diet can also help you beat depression.G. If you are fe
32、eling sad, lonely, or worthless, you may be suffering from depression.【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. C 20. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章针对如何克服抑郁提出了一些建议。16. 根据前一句“To overcome your depression, you have to first determine if what youre feeling are the symptoms of depression.”可知，要克服抑郁症，首先你必须确定目前的情绪是抑郁的症状。按照文意，接下来应该是讲哪种情绪是
33、抑郁的症状。选项G“如果你感到悲伤、孤独或毫无价值，你可能会患上抑郁症”是最切题的。所以答案选 G。17. 第二段主要讲了你要通过忙碌的日程转移自己的注意力，在最后提出两个做计划的方法：可以在一周开始的时候制定一个时间表，或者在前一天晚上计划好每一天。根据上下文逻辑关系，接下来只有选项 D“无论你选择哪种方法，都要有坚持的目标”顺承句意。所以答案选 D。18. 由第三段第一句也即主旨句“Improve your diet”可知，这一段主要讲如何改善饮食。只有选项 F“吃健康、均衡的饮食也能帮助你战胜抑郁”切题。所以答案选 F。19. 根据前一句“For a jump start, find a
34、t least five things to be grateful for”可知，首先，你要找到至少 5 件事值得感激。选项 A 控制自己的情绪，选项 B 改善你的外表和选项 E 并不是每个人都知道抑郁有积极的一面，都不顺承句意。只有选项 C“最重要的是每天都要快乐”最切题。所以答案选 C。20. 根据“While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks, if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day, you will f
35、eel better about yourself”可知，虽然你不会通过改变容貌来战胜抑郁，但如果你每天都花时间保持自己的外表和卫生，你就会感觉良好。所以这一段是关于改善外表的。只有选项 B切题。所以答案选 B。.第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)第一节(共 20 小题: 每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It had been a long time since I had been to Jacksonville, Florida. I had driven to town _
36、21_to find the old barber shop where my hair had been cut as a child. As I _22_around, I was a little disappointed to see the old buildings had been _23_with new high-rise ones.After walking about a block I saw an open shoe store. Wondering whether I could get the _24_, 1walked in. As I stood talkin
37、g to the salesman, the front door opened and a young man about twenty came into the store in a _25_. “I need a new pair of shoes,” said the _26_. As he turned the corner, I was _27_to see that the young man had no legs.Seeing us _28_, the young man said, “When I was a _29_，my parents used to buy me
38、a new pair of shoes every year. That was such a wonderful feeling _30_I have never forgotten.”Soon the salesman came with a large box. He put it down on the floor, took out a boot and handed it to the young man. Placing the boot _31_his nose, the boy closed both eyes, and took a large breath. I did
39、not know what to say as tears began to roll down his _32_Suddenly we heard the salesman shouting to an old man _33_who looked in the window from time to time. The young man looked at the old man and then turned to me. “Would you walk out and see what _34_that fellow wears?” he _35_.Wondering why, I
40、_36_walked to the front door, opened it and asked the old man to _37_. “What size shoes do you wear?” the boy asked the man. “I dont know,” he replied, as he_38_his old tennis shoes. “I would say nine and a half,” I suggested. “Whats your _39_hiking boot in nine and a half?” the boy asked the salesm
41、an. Within a minute. The salesman returned with a pair of hiking boots. The boy _40_out, took the boot, placed it to his nose and took a large breath. Once again, tears came to his eyes. “Sir, would you mind trying on these boots?” the boy asked the old fellow.21. A. needing B. waiting C. helping D.
42、 hoping22. A. wandered B. jumped C. ran D. wondered23. A. ruined B. decorated C. replaced D. lined24. A. key B. answer C. shoes D. service25. A. wheelchair B. car C. boot D. suit26. A. salesman B. owner C. elder D. customer27. A. excited B. shocked C. ashamed D. embarrassed28. A. unsatisfied B. unin
43、terested C. puzzled D. worried29. A. student B. manager C. barber D. kid30. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything31. A. to B. over4 C. across D. on32. A. sleeves B. hands C. cheeks D. legs33. A. in horror B. in sorrow C. in relief D. in rags34. A. color B. size C. price D. material35. A.
44、 requested B. ordered C. required D. beg 个 ed36. A. suddenly B. unwillingly C. slowly D. Steadily37. A. leave B. enter C. visit D. meet38. A. turned around B. showed up C. turned away D. looked down at39. A. best B. dearest C. heaviest D. quickest40. A. burst B. looked C. reached D. Broke【答案】21. D 2
45、2. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一家鞋店，看见一个没有腿的年轻人为一位贫穷老人买鞋子的故事。21. 考查动词词义辨析。A 需要；B 等待；C 帮助；D 希望。句意：作者开车到城里希望找到那间旧理发店。所以选项 D 切题。22. 考查动词词义辨析。A 徘徊，漫步；B 跳；C 跑；D 想知道。固定搭配 wander around （四处）徘徊。句意：当作者四处游荡时，看
46、到那些旧建筑被替换成新的高层建筑，作者有点失望。所以选项 A 切题。23. 考查动词词义辨析。A 毁坏；B 装饰；C 取代；D 填满。固定搭配 be replaced with 被替换为。再联系上一小题，这里选项 C 切题。24. 考查名词词义辨析。A 钥匙；B 答案；C 鞋；D 服务。根据上文可知，作者没有找到那家旧理发店。当看到一家鞋店时，作者希望通过询问店员得到答案。所以选项 B 切题。25. 考查名词词义辨析。A 轮椅；B 车；C 靴子；D 西装。根据下文“the young man had no legs”可知，这个年轻人没有腿，所以他应该是坐着轮椅。所以选项 A 切题。26. 考查
47、名词词义辨析。A 售货员；B 店主；C 老人；D 顾客。根据下文可知，这个年轻人说：我要一双新鞋。他是一名顾客。所以选项 D 切题。27. 考查形容词词义辨析。A 兴奋地；B 吃惊地；C 羞愧地；D 尴尬地。作者发现说要一双新鞋的年轻人居然没有腿，所以他感觉非常吃惊。所以选项 B 切题。28. 考查形容词词义辨析。A 不满意的；B 不感兴趣的；C 困惑的；D 担心的。根据前文可知，作者和店员都吃惊于这个没有腿的年轻人居然来买鞋，所以年轻人看到了他们脸上的疑惑表情。所以选项 C 切题。29. 考查名词词义辨析。A 学生；B 经理；C 理发师；D 孩子。句意：当我还是一个孩子时，我父母每年都给我买
48、一双新鞋。所以选项 D 切题。30. 考查代词词义辨析。A 每件事；B 重要的事；C 无关紧要的事；D 任何事。句意：那真是一种美妙的感觉我从来没有忘记过。这里是说父母给他买鞋的回忆是非常重要的事，他从来不会忘记。所以选项 B 切题。31. 考查介词词义辨析。A 到，向；B 超过，在之上；C 穿过，横穿；D 在之上。句意：年轻人把靴子放在鼻子前，闭上双眼，吸了一大口气。所以选项 A 切题。32. 考查名词词义辨析。A 袖子；B 手；C 脸颊；D 腿。句意：当眼泪滑落年轻人的脸颊，作者不知道该说点什么。所以选项 C 切题。33. 考查介词词组词义辨析。A 惊恐地；B 悲伤地；C 显著地；D 衣衫
49、褴褛。句意：突然，我们听到售货员向一位衣着破旧并不时往窗户里看的老人大喊。由常理可知，如果是一般顾客或行人，售货员不会如此无礼地对待对方。只有乞丐在附近逗留时，售货员才会这样。所以选项 D 切题。34. 考查名词词义辨析。A 颜色；B 尺寸；C 价格；D 材料。由后文可知，作者出门问老人穿多大号码的鞋子，所以这里年轻人是拜托作者帮忙询问老人穿鞋的尺寸。所以选项 B 切题。35. 考查动词词义辨析。A 请求；B 命令；C 要求；D 乞求。联系上一小题，年轻人拜托作者帮忙询问老人的鞋子尺寸，二者素不相识，所以年轻人应该是请求作者帮忙。所以选项 A 切题。36. 考查副词词义辨析。A 突然地；B 不情愿地；C 慢慢地；D 稳定地。句意：带着疑问，作者慢慢地走到门前，打开门让老人进来。所以选项 C 切题。37. 考查动词词义辨析。A 离开；B 进入；C 慢拜访；D 遇
