1、,英语发音与正音,上节内容回顾,现在的美国普通话，主要体现的是17世纪英国英语的特点。 尽管美国英语分为3大部分，但是美国英语在发音上还是相当一致的。 英国本土虽小，但方言众多，而且各方言之间在发音上的区别相当大。 总体而言，GA和GB 发音相同的地方远远超过发音不同的地方。 GB中的writer, 发音类似rider; It doesnt matter, 类似于It doesnt madder.,诊断性测试,Sam is a worker, yet he never goes to work on Tuesday. Mr Sampson is a bank clerk, he had a t
2、ight schedule last week. Its half past five. Lets hurry to dance. It doesnt matter, the vase isnt new after all.,Open the door, we have a staff of eleven here and its too stuffy . The manager has never seen the worker before. Can you cure him, doctor? well, er, Im not quite sure. It depends.,A big p
3、ig is sleeping on a ship Do you see the key on that seat? The pink one is very pretty. But its a bit too big. _Whats wrong? _Nothings wrong. _Come on, Somethings wrong. Nothing much.,发音练习 a dirty shirtcover girlcomplimentary wordsmurmurHerberta terrific skirta wonderful dancerpressure cookerworkera
4、critical buyera regular customer,pass the examlast termtake a bathstaff membershalf past fivea narrow chancehave a good command of Turkishplant a bomb,its hot today.Hes just lost his jobDoctors are badly needed here.objectcontrary to popular belief,right furtherhard parselarge polarcar sellermarket
5、nurserygarden managerfurcardboardsmart,prettybetterwaterwritingwriterriderlatterladderIt doesnt matter.,tubeTuesdayattitudedutydewnewlureproduce,listen to the rhythm of the falling rain telling me just what a fool I ve been I wish that it would go and let me cry in vain and let me be along again the
6、 only girl I care about has gone away looking for a aband new start but little does she know that when she left that day along with her she took my heart rain please tell me now does that seem fair for her to steal my heart away when she don t care I can t love another when my heart s somewhere far
7、away rain won t you tell her that I love her so please ask the sun to set her heart aglow rain in her heart and let the love we know start to grow Oh listen to the falling rain di li ad la,oceans apart day after day and i slowly go insane i hear your voice on the line but it doesn t stop the pain if
8、 i see you next to never how can we say forever wherever you go whatever you do i will be right here waiting for you whatever it takes or how my heart breaks i will be right here waiting for you i took for granted all the times that i thought would last somehow i hear the laughter i taste the tears
9、but i can t get near you now oh can t you see it baby you ve got me going crazy i wonder how we can survive this romance but in the end if i m with you i ll take the chance oh can t you see it baby you ve got me going crazy waiting for you,本节课授课目标,GA和GB在发音上的区别（2） 前元音和中元音的发音,出现在/r/前面的重读元音，如hero、Mary、
10、siren、floury, GB往往在这些重读元音后加上/ /(buyer的画线元音)之后再读/r/以及/r/之后的音。但是GA却不加/ /。heroperiod IrishMary sirenparent flourypluraltouristduring furious,有些单词，GA和GB的发音很不相同。clerk missilehurry atebeen vacationadvertisement quinineneithereitherepochleisureschedulevase,关于元音,元音分类的标准：1. 舌位的前后2. 舌位的高低（下颚的高低/口腔的开合）3. 唇的形状,
11、前元音指舌头最高点的位置在舌头的前部，舌尖一般接近下齿背。 央元音指发音时，舌头较中间的部分最高。,前元音的发音/i:/发/i:/时，舌头的前部最高，下颚位置很高，因此口腔较闭。双唇舒平，舌头肌肉紧张，时间较长。GA和GB中/i:/的读音与汉语普通话中的“衣”相似，但舌位较“衣”要稍微低一些，而且不带任何摩擦。常见的字母及字母组合有：e, ee, ea, ie.,he; she; we; even; Petersee; sleep; free; green; between; indeedeat; tea; sea; beach; reachpiece; niece; thief; belie
12、vemachine;key;phoenix,tick; Dick发/i/时，舌位较/i:/稍低，口稍开。双唇舒平，舌头肌肉放松，很松懈地发出，时间较短。英语中的/i/和汉语普通话中的“我是一个兵”的“兵”的元音相似。big; pig; this; sisterbusy; businesscity; baby; rhythm; symbolquick; quiz; guitar; buildingmoney; honey; monkey,red, best /e/从舌位上看，发/e/时，舌前部比/i/稍稍下降，口也张得稍大一些，肌肉较松弛，时间也较短。red, best, pen, when,
13、lesson, better, letter.ready, weather, pleasant, alreadyfriendguest request,bag这是四个前元音中舌位最低，口形最大的前元音。汉语普通话中没有口形这么大的前元音。因此我们的缺点往往是开口度不够。bed; bad; sad; saidcat, fat, map, labexam, example* half; aircraft; cant; chance; dance; answer; glass, pass; ask; fast,中元音,卷舌的中元音发该音时，口展开的程度是中等，舌头中间部分较高，同时舌尖向硬腭全部卷起
14、，肌肉紧张，重读，双唇舒展，时间较长。这是GA中特有的音。此音和汉语普通话“阿弥陀佛”中的“啊”相似。发音时舌中部稍抬起，口形扁平，然后将舌尖向上齿龈后部卷起，加上“儿化”动作。这是美语中的音位。,her, term; person; perhaps; paper fur; hurt; church; hurry; curtain; Thursday; surprise; pleasure sir; shirt; skirt; first; thirty; thirsty; girl Word; world; worry; color; doctor; neighbor; actor Earn
15、; earth; learn; early; Dollar; collar; similar; regular,无儿化动作的中元音ago.该元音是永远不会重读的中元音。非常广泛地出现在清读音节中，发音模糊、短促，语言学中被称为schwa.比如：ago, about; again; agreechina, banana; Cocacola; pizzafetus;,Bus该音位是中央元音中舌位比较低，口比较开的语言。在GA中，bus 的发音和ago基本相似或者说是完全相同。比如love的发音。就读音而言，一定要注意GA中/ /的发音较窄，而GB的发音则要宽的多，有时GB的发音接近/a:/。sun; run; jump; lunch; hungry; Sunday; studyson; love; month; money; nothing; Monday; blood; flood; enough; young; cousin; trouble; country; couple,
