1、2018学年度人教版必修4Period 4 Grammar Subject-verb agreement教案设计Teaching Goals: 1. To let Ss learn the grammar Subject-Verb Agreement.2. To develop Ss ability of Summing. Teaching Procedures: Step 1. Homework-checking 1. Check if Ss have finished the homework assigned yesterday.2. Ask some Ss to show the ty
2、pical sentences they have remembered.Step 2. GrammarPurpose: To let Ss know the usage of Subject-Verb Agreement and use it freely. 1. Explain the usage of Subject-Verb Agreement by giving examples. 主谓一致的特殊用法归纳如下：1由 and连接主语时，注意以下几点：(1) 两个或者两个以上的名词由 and连接作主语时；主语由both and 连接时，谓语动词用复数。Baseball and swimm
3、ing are usually summer sports. 棒球和游泳通常是夏天的运动。Both bread and butter are sold in that grocery. 那个杂货店既卖面包，也卖黄油。(2) and连接两个名词表示一个概念（即指同一人或同一物）做主语时，谓语用单数。The iron and steel industry is very important to our countryt. (一个概念)铁钢工业对我们的生活非常重要。 War and peace is a constant theme in literature. 战争与和平是文学中永恒的主题。(W
4、ar and peace是一对概念，看作一个主题)同例：steam and bread 馒头 bread and butter 奶油面包 folk and knife 刀叉 needle and thread 针线love and hate 爱与恨 egg and rice 蛋炒饭The writer and translator is delivering a speech in our school tonight. (指同一个人) The writer and the translator are delivering a speech in our school tonight. (指
5、两个人)A black and white dog is playing in the yard. (指一只狗)A black and a white dog are playing in the yard. (指两只狗)(3)由 everyand every; each and each; no and no; many a and many a 等连接的并列主语，谓语动词用单数。Every man and every woman working here is getting along well with me. 在此工作的每一为男士和女士都与我相处很好。No difficulty an
6、d no hardship has discouraged him.没有艰难困苦能使他气馁。(4) What 从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式常用复数；并列缩略式常用单数。What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me.他说什么想什么与我无关。What I say and do is my own affair.我的所说所为是我自己的事。2. 就近原则： 由 either or ; neither nor; not onlybut also; or； there be 等引导的主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近动词的名词的单
7、复数。There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.桌上有一只笔，一把刀和几本书。There are twenty boy students in the class.班上有 20个男生。Either you or your sister is to blame.你或者你妹妹该受责备Not only the students but also their teacher is invited to attend the party. There is much water in the thermos.热水瓶里有很多水。3. 就远原
8、则：主语 as well as + 另一个主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于第一个主语的名词的单复数。My mother, as well as my two brothers, has a key to the office. 我母亲，还有我的两个哥哥都有办公室的钥匙。The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.老师正在和一些学生参观工厂。He as well as I wants to go boating.我和他都想去划船。同例：with; together with; along with; includin
9、g; in addition to; besides ; except; as much as; accompanied by ; rather than等。4. 表示时间、距离、价值、量度的复数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。One hundred dollars is a large sum for the poor.一百美元对于穷人是一大笔钱。Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.有三周的时间来做必要的准备。Ten yuan is enough.10元钱就够了。5. 单一的动词不定式、动名词、名词性从句做主
10、语时，谓语动词通常用单数。To work hard is necessary 努力工作是必要的。Early to bed and early to rise makes one healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富有、聪明。(主语“早睡早起”指一件事)Reading and writing are very important.读和写都非常重要。 (注意：指不同性质的两件事，谓语用复数)6. many a, more than one + 单数可数名词，尽管表示复数意义，谓语仍用单数。 Many a person has read the novel.许多
11、人都读过这本书。More than one example is necessary to help the students understand this rule clearly.为了帮助学生很好地理解这条规则，多个例子是必要的。 Many a student has made such a mistake. 很多学生曾经犯过这样的错误。比较：在“more + 复数名词 + than one”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数。More persons than one have been involved. 卷入其中的远不止一人。7. 与后接名词或代词保持一致:由 all of, most
12、of, half of, a lot of, part of ，plenty of， one fourth of， none of， some of， majority of， percent of， the rest of，more than of等加名词构成的主语，谓语动词的数取决于该名词的单复数。 例：All of us are going to see the game. 我们都要去看比赛。Two-thirds of Canada is covered with forests加拿大三分之二为森林所覆盖。Most of his money is spent on books.他的大多数
13、钱都用来买书了。Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.大多数学生都积极参加体育运动。The majority of the students like English.大多数学生都喜欢英语More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。8. a number of (a total of , an average of ) +复数名词，谓语动词用复数；the number of (the total of, the aver
14、age of ) +复数名词，谓语动词用单数。A total of ten thousand dollars were donated last month.上个月总共捐了 10,000美元。The total of dollars donated last month was 100,000 dollars. 上个月的捐款的总数是 10,000美元。同例： a / the variety of; a / the group of9. 定语从句的谓语动词注意与先行词保持一致，但注意 the only one of 的用法。One of those men likes to drive fast
15、.这些人中有一个爱开快车。One of those men who like to drive fast is her son.这些人中爱开快车的那个是她儿子。He is the only one of those men who likes to drive fast.他是这些人中唯一爱开快车的。10. 由 some，any，no ，every 构成的复合词如： somebody, nothing, nobody, anything, everybody等代词作主语，谓语动词用单数；由 each, every one, no one, either, neither, another, th
16、e other作主语时，谓语动词用单数；由 either, neither, each, every修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Neither is satisfactory.两个都不尽人意。Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。11. the + adj / v-ed 表示一类人时，用复数谓语动词；表示个别人或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.病人得到了医治，失踪的也找回来了。同例：the poor / dumb / innoce
17、nt / guilty / unemployed / agedWe can do the difficult first. The impossible takes a little longer.我们先从难题开始，不会的可能花的时间长一些。The best is yet to come. 好戏还在后头。12. 当主语由 a series of， a portion of ， a species of ， a kind of ， a chain of， a piece of , a pair of 加名词(单数或复数)构成时，谓语用单数。A series of lectures on psyc
18、hology is said to be given by Mr. Li.据说，李先生要举办一系列的心理方面的讲座。My new pair of pants is being altered. 我的一条短裤正在修改。13. 当主语被 one ( a ) and a half 修饰时，谓语动词用复数。比较：He went away on June 1, and now one and a half months have passed and its July He went away on June 1, and now one month and a half has passed and
19、its July他 6月 1日离开，现在一个半月过去了，都 7月 15日了。 14. 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如 family, government, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。例：His family isnt very large.他家不是一个大家庭。His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。但集合名词 people(人们), police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都
20、用复数形式。Are there any police around?周围有警察吗？15. 强调结构中，动词要与 It一致，都用 It is（was） 。如： It is my teachers who are very kind to me 强调句型中，当关系代词 who，that 作主语时，动词的单复数取决于所修饰的先行词。如： It is I who havent finished reading the book是我还没有读完这本书。 It was Mary who was late for the class是 Mary上课迟到了。16. 算术中的加法与乘法，谓语动词通常单复数都可以。
21、如： Three fives are（is）fifteen 减法与除法中用单数动词。如： Three from eight leaves five Fifteen divided by three equals fiveStep 3. Consolidation Purpose: To check if Ss have mastered the usage of Subject-Verb Agreement 1. Ask Ss to do Ex1 and Ex2 in Discovering Useful Structures on P5. 2. Ask Ss to finish Ex1 an
22、d Ex2 in Using Structures on P4344. 3. Ask Ss to choose the best answer to each of the following questions:(1) A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A. is B. are C. was D. were(2) Most of what has been said about the Smith _ also true of
23、the Johnson A. are B. is C. being D. to be(3) The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. A. is B. are C. was D. were(4) With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.A. is washing away B. is bei
24、ng washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away(5) The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A was B. were C had been D would be(6) All the employees except the manager_to work online at home. A. encourages B. encourage C. is encour
25、aged D. are encouraged(7) The police _searching for the robber at present. A. is B. are C. was D. were(8) Learning to use computers _necessary today. A. is B. are C.was D. were(9) Ten thousand pounds _a large sum of money. A. is B. are C. have been D. were(10) The majority of the damage _easy to rep
26、air. A. are B. is C. be D. were (11) The majority of the people _against the plan. A. are B. s C. be D. was (12) Many a woman _to leading posts these twenty years.A. is elected B. has been electedC. are elected D. have been elected(13) Early to bed and early to rise _a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
27、 A. make B. makes C. made D. making (14) The singer and dancer _come to our college. A. were B. was C. have D. has(15) The singer and the dancer _come to our college. A. were B. was C. have D. hasSuggested Answers: (1)(5) ABDDA (6)(10) DBAAB (11)(15) ABBDCStep 4. Homework 1. Ask Ss to finish the form of Summing Up on P8 and write down what they have learned on the their notebooks. 2. Ask Ss to finish the rest of the exercises of this unit in the Workbook.
