1、Unit3 ComputersI. 阅读理解A（2016 北京卷）December 15，2014Dear Alfred，I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up，I had people telling me I was too slow，though，with an IQ of 150+ at 17，Im anything but stupid. The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍). Anxious all the time，
2、I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed. In high school，I became curious about the computer，and built my first website. Moreover，I completed the senior course of Computer Basics，plus five relevant pre-college courses
3、.While I was exploring my curiosity，my disease got worse. I wanted to go to college after high school，but couldnt. So，I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.Since then，I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mat
4、hematics. Currently，Im learning your Probability course. I have hundreds of printer paper，covered in self-written notes from your videos. This has given me a purpose.Last year，I spent all my time looking for a job where，without dealing with the public，I could work alone，but still have a team to talk
5、 to. Luckily，I discovered the jobData Analystthis month and have been going full steam ahead. I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession，without going to college，and be just as good as，if not better than，my 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间书信 在线学习 347 6 分钟competitors.Thank you. Youve given me ho
6、pe that I can follow my heart. For the first time，I feel good about myself because Im doing something，not because someone told me I was doing good. I feel whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours，Tanis56. Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school?A. She had learned enough about computer sc
7、ience.B. She had more difficulty keeping focused.C. She preferred taking online courses.D. She was too slow to learn.57. As for the working environment，Tanis prefers _.A. working by herselfB. dealing with the publicC. competing against otherD. staying with ADHD studentsz，x*xk58. Tanis wrote this let
8、ter in order to _.A. explain why she was interested in the computerB. share the ideas she had for her profession C. show how grateful she was to the centerD. describe the courses she had taken so far【文章大意】这是一封邮件。作者患有多动症，因为不能集中注意力，作者无法上大学。作者在家通过网络自学了计算机知识，并找到了心仪的工作。作者认为自己能够和同龄人做得一样好。57. A 【解析】 细节理解题。
9、根据倒数第三段 without dealing with the public排除 B；根据I could work alone，but still have a team to talk to. 可知，我不想处理复杂的人际关系，想单独工作，故选 A。B（2015 安徽卷）As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information，are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information，why store it
10、 in your own personal memory，your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.In a recent study，Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment，they gave people
11、 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later，the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find
12、the information again，so they did not try to remember it.In another experiment，the researchers gave people facts to remember，and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹).Surprisingly， people later remember the folder location (位
13、置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet，they do not remember the information. Rather，they remember how to find it. This is called transactive memory (交互记忆) According to Sparrow，we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead，computer users are develo
14、ping stronger transactive memories；that is，people 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间议论文 互联网对人类记忆的影响 307 6 分钟are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesnt mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent，but there is no doubt that the wa
15、y we use memory is changing.64. The passage begins with two questions to _. A. introduce the main topicB. show the authors altitudeC. describe how to use the Interne. D. explain how to store information65. What can we learn about the first experiment?A. Sparrows team typed the information into a com
16、puter. B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.C. The first group did not try to remember the formation. D. The second group did not understand the information.66. In transactive memory，people _.A. keep the information in mindB. change the quantity of information C. organize inform
17、ation like a computerD. remember how to find the information67. What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrows research? A. We are using memory differently.B. We are becoming more intelligent.C. We have poorer memories than before.D. We need a better way to access information.【文章大意】 随着人们对网
18、络变得更加依赖，人们使用记忆的方式在发生变化，人们开始更多地使用交互记忆。 66. D 【解析】细节理解题。第三段最后两句 Rather，they remember how to find it. This is called transactive memory(交互记忆). 对交互记忆进行了解释说明。由此可知D 项正确。 67. A 【解析 】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句中的there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.可知，我们使用记忆的方式在改变，故 A 正确。由最后一段中的This doesnt mean we ar
19、e becoming either more or less intelligent可知，B 不正确；由最后一段第一句可知 C 不正确；由最后一段倒数第二句可知 D 不正确。C（2016 新课标卷 I）Secret codes (密码)keep messages private. Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for th
20、ousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example，the first letters ofMy 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间说明文 密码的设置和破解的方法 330 6 分钟elephant eats too many eelsspe
21、ll out the hidden message Meet me. 38 You might represent each letter with a number，for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter，the messageMeet me would read 135 520 135.zx&xk*A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases ，or s
22、entences. To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book. 39 For example，bridgemight stand formeet andout might stand forme.The messageBridge outwould actually mean Meet me. 40 However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is ver
23、y hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language，some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes， people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With a code book， you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. nother way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了密码的设置方法和破解的方法。判断 E 选项内容符合语境逻辑。
