1、否定前缀,Prefixes indicating negation,否定前缀：在单词的词首加上一个表示相反含义的词缀。 常见否定前缀：dis-;il-, im-, in-, ir-;un-;non-;mis-等； 否定前缀翻译：“非”、“无”、“不（是）”、“未”等。,1. dis-常加在名、形、动之前。如：,disagree(ment) (分歧；不赞同) discourage vt.使气馁 disagreeable adj.不愉快的 disadvantage (不利条件；缺点) disorder 无秩序 disappear (v.消失) discomfort（n.不舒适 vt.使不舒适） d
2、ishonest (adj.不诚实的) dislike (v.不喜欢) 但unlike prep 不像 dissatisfactory adj.不令人满意的 但un/dissatisfied discover vt 发现 但uncover 揭露，暴露,2.in-;il-,im-,ir-(in-在辅音n,l,m,p,r前要变体)加在形容词、名词、副词上,inexpensive in/unequal 不平等的 incorrect invalid无效的 indifferent 冷漠的 inaccurate不准确的 inactive， indirect invisible, incredible， i
3、ncurable,a.im-常加在以字母m-, p-开头的形容词之前：,impossible (不可能的) impolite (无礼的；粗鲁的) impatient imbalanced（adj.不平衡的） 但：unparallel不平行的 unpleasant unpopular nonpoisonous无毒的,b.il-, ir- 加在l和r开头的形容词之前,illegal（非法的) illogical（不合逻辑的） irregular（不规则） irresponsible irrelevant illiterate 不识字的 irrelative无关的,但：unreasonable不合理
4、的，不公道的,3. un-加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作形容词的分词上,unhappiness 不幸福unusual 不寻常的；罕见的unimportant 不重要的 unfriendly 不友好的uncomfortable 不舒服的但discomfort n/vtunsafe 不安全的unwelcome 不受欢迎的uncommon 不常见的unaware 没意识到的,不舒适 ；使不舒服,unhealthy (不健康的；不益于健康的) unable (无能的；不会的) 但:disability 残疾 unfair(不公平的；不公正的) unfamiliar (不熟悉的；没有经验的) unnec
5、essary (不必要的) unfortunate (不幸的) 但misfortune灾难，厄运 unreal不真实 uncertain unforgettable unfit un/inequal 不平等的,un-用于动词之前表示做相反的动作,lock v.锁, 锁上 unlockvt.开.锁 cover vt.覆盖 uncovervt.揭开, 揭露 fold v.折叠 unfold v.打开 dress v.穿衣 undress vt.使脱衣服 load v.装载 unload v.卸货,un-未（主要用于过去分词之前）,unexpected 未预料到） unlocked 未上锁的 une
6、ducated 未受教育的 undecided 未决定的 unfinished 未完成的 uncrowded 不拥挤的 undoubted 无疑的 unmarried 未结婚的,4.non-加在名、形、副或作形容词的分词前，表“无，抗，防，非，没”之意,nonsense（n.胡说、废话） non-violent（adj.非暴力的 ) nonpoisonous无毒的 nonexistent不存在的 nonsmoking 不准吸烟的 nonstop a.直达的,5.ab-,ab-加在词根前，表示“相反，离去” 如：abnormal（ab+normal 正常的）反常的 abuse滥用、错误使用、虐待
7、,6.mis加在动词、名词之前,misunderstand 误解 misjudge 误判 misleading 误导 misfortune 不幸,Exx:根据语境，用所给词的否定形式填空 1It is _ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol. 酒后开车不合法。 2_ (lead) advertisements are not allowed by law.误导的广告为法律所不允许。 3It is _ (reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal.坚持这种荒谬的建议是不合理的。 4There exists t
8、he _ (balance) between the rich and poor countries. 富国与穷国之间存在着不平衡。 5.The government _ (close) that another ambassador had been arrested for spying. 政府公开另一个外交大使园间谍罪被逮捕。,illegal,Misleading,irresponsible,imbalanced,disclosed,6His identity is _ (know) to us so we have to confirm.他的身份为我们所不知，所以我们得证实。 7He
9、seems to be _ (aware)of the trouble he is making.他似乎不知道他正造成的麻烦。 8Jim is _ (patient)with his little sister who is so noisy. 吉姆对他吵闹的小妹妹不耐烦。 9The _ (expect)death of her son made hei sad.她儿子意外的死亡使她伤心。 10.Her illness had made her completely _ (mobile)她的病使得她完全不能活动了。,unknown,unaware,impatient,unexpected,im
10、mobile,11Running a business without a budget(预算)is _ (practical) 经营生意而没有预算是不实际的。 12The bright dress is _ (proper) for a funeral.鲜艳的衣服对葬礼来说不合适。 13Students get a _ (count) of 25% on plane tickets.学生享有25%的机票折扣。 14The water is _ (fit)for drinking and you have to gowithout water. 这水不适宜饮用，你只能不喝水了。 15.You
11、must be _ (literate) if you have not heard of Shakespeare. 如果你没听说过莎士比亚，那你一定是文盲的。,impractical,improper,discount,unfit,illiterate,16He _ (like)wearing a tie，so you will never see him in tie. 17_ (amaze/surprise) , he should lose his temper in public. 18_ (expect), the injured athlete came first in the
12、 100meter dash. 19The mother _(dress) her baby and gave it a bath. 20.This delay was _ (avoidable) so we had to be patient.延迟不可避免,所以我们得耐心,dislikes,Amazingly,Unexpectedly,undressed,unavoidably,21His income is _ (adequate) to meet his basic needs and he has to find another job.他的收入不足以满足基本要求，他得再找份工作。 2
13、2.Its _ (honesty)to lie about ones age.谎报自己的年龄是不诚实的。 23The injured man was _ (capable) of walking, so he had to be carried. 那个受伤的人不能走路，所以他得被人背着。 24He was _ (ability) to sleep at night because of his anxiety.由于焦虑，晚上他不能入睡。 25.The fish is a bit _ (smell). We cant eat it.,inadequate,dishonest,incapable,unable,smelly,Assignment today: P154,
