1、Unit 9Grammar focusThere will be excellent performances at the opening and closing ceremonies.The organizing committee will invite famous models It serves as a perfect trading platform for fashion traders.About 70 leading designers are showing their recent designs more than 3, 000 companies making b
2、randed clothing.Grammar focusSenior 2 English GroupGrammar learning分词 作 定语分词分两类：过去分词和现在分词V+ed及不规则形式 V+ing过去分词与现在分词作定语有何区别呢？a falling treea fallen treeboiling waterboiled waterfalling leavesfallen leavesa flying birdprepared breakfasta snow-covered city 一、过去分词作定语 1、过去分词作定语常表示 “完成 ”或“被动 ” boiled water
3、 fallen leaves the risen sun spoken English cooked food fried chips开水落叶升起的太阳英语口语熟食炸薯条过去 分词 短语 作定语，常放在被修饰词的 后面 。This is one of the schools built in 1980s.(2). 过去分词 作定语 位置boiled water 开水 fallen leaves 落叶单个 过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的 前面 ;(3)语法功能语法功能过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语定语 从句。从句。 =The
4、 lecture given by Professor Zhang is about animals. The lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about animals. 可简化为：a letter which was written in pencilthe machines which were produced last year=the machines produced last year小结：过去分词 作定语， 表示 被动 ， 已经完成 的 动作 。=a letter written in pencil现在 分词（ do
5、ing形式） 作 定语the rising sun2.现在 分词 短语 ， 应 放 在所修饰的 名词后 。The girl standing there is my classmate.位置1.单个 分词做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前现在分词 (-ing形式 )作 定语既 可以表被修饰者的 作用或功能 ，也可以表示被修饰者的 动作或状态 。 可表达三种含义 ：1. 表 “ 正在 的 ” 。如： those singing girls（ =those girls who are singing）那些正在唱歌的女孩子们 举例： the laughing boy/the running ball th
6、e dancing girl / a flying kite(3)语法功能语法功能现在分词 (-ing形式 )作定语2)表示 “ 供 之用 ” ，相当于 used for doing.building materials = materials for building 建筑材料a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台3) 表示 性质特征 ，多含 主动 意味。如： an exciting story（
7、 =a story that excites people）举例： an interesting bookan amazing story小结：现在 分词 作定语，表示 主动 ， 正在进行 的动 作 ,及表 功用与性质特征 。现在分词与过去分词的区别（ 1）：现在分词表示 正在进行 的动作， 而过去分词一般表示 已完成 的动作。falling leavesfallen leavesboiling waterboiled waterthe rising sunthe risen sundeveloping countrydeveloped country现在分词与过去分词的区别（ 2）：现在分词
8、 有 主动 含义， 过去分词 有 被动 含义 。（主动）（被动）（主动）（被动）He found the fire burning brightly.He found the house burned down.I heard someone opening the door.I heard the door opened.现在分词与过去分词的区别（ 3）：分词作定语时，过去分词 表示它所修饰的 名词的 状态 。现在 分词 表示它所修饰的 名词的 性质、特征 。an exciting newsan excited boybored studentsboring lectureHe is the
9、 man swimming in the river just now.He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens.复习：说出下列不同分词所表达的意义并翻译句子。the rising sunthe risen sun the falling leavesthe fallen leavesboiling waterboiled watera changing worlda changed worldthe developing countrythe developed country复习： 说出下列不同分词所表达的意义并翻译the chan
10、ging worldthe changed world（正在变化的）（正在变化的）（变化了的）（变化了的）boiling waterboiled water（ 正在沸腾的）正在沸腾的）（已经沸腾过的）（已经沸腾过的）a developing countrya developed country(发展中的发展中的 )（发达的）（发达的）小结 ： 过去分词和现在分词作定语意义的不同。过去分词 作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有_关系，表示该动作的 _或者 _; 现在分词 作定语与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的_关系，表示该动作的 _或者 _.动宾 被动 完成主谓 主动 进行 过去分词和现在分词在做定语时
11、的区别：1.语态上 现在分词 : 表示 主动 的动作过去分词 : 表示 被动 的动作2.时间上现在分词 : 表示 正在进行过去分词 : 表示 完成Read and underline.1) I was awakened by a barking dog.2) Who is the man wandering down the street?3) The pig seemed to be completely attracted to the long-legged spider.4) He rushes into the burning house.5) She bought a comput
12、er produced in China.6) The piano used at the concert is made in France.Choose and complete.building walking swimming closing1) There is a _ pool in our school.2) The _ material used in the hospital is of high quality.3) Which performance did you like best at the _ ceremony?4) A _ stick will help yo
13、u to keep balance when going down the mountain.swimmingbuildingclosingwalking1. The woman _a lesson is our teacher.A. giving B. givenC. to give D. give正在发生的动作，表主动ExerciseA. first held B. to be first held C. first holding D. to be first holdingA解析 过去分词做定语： 表被动，表完成 。 现在分词作定语： 表主动，表进行 。The Olympic Game
14、s,_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.Exercise: (1)_ dogs seldom bite.A. Bark B. To bark C. Barked D. BarkingD(2) Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept(3) The _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.A. shaking B. shook C. sh
15、aken D. shake CACA2. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much.A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write1. Did you attend the meeting _yesterday?A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being heldExercise: 1. an exciting evening2. a walking stick3.
16、the rising sun4. smiling faces5. building materials6. a flying kiteTranslate the following phrases:7. the coming week8. a dressing room9. the dancing girl 10.a washing machine12. an opening speech13. a bathing cap14. a hiding place. 15.a sleeping bag1. 预留 的座位2. 被污染的水3. 打碎的杯子4. 关了的门reserved seatspoll
17、uted watera broken cupa closed doorExercise： Translate the following phrases:The book _ (一本农民写的书 ) is very popular.The building _(去年建的楼房 ) collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.The problem _ (正在讨论 的 ) is very difficult to solve.The window _(被 那个男孩 打破的 ) is being repaired.written by the farmerbuilt last yeardiscussing nowbroken by that boyTranslation: The boy _（正在操场跑步的 ) is Jim.The boy _(名字叫做汤姆的 )is now a student.running on the playground named Tom Translation:
