1、 第 1 页 共 7 页语法专项 过去进行时及时态汇总一、知识梳理（一）过去进行时1、定义过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。2、结构was/were +doing （现在分词）3、用法（1）过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。例句： We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday？上周日他一整天都在研究什么？It was raining when they left the st
2、ation.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。（2）过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。例句： What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday？昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when 从句表示时间点）（3）在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例句： While he was waiting for the bus，he w
3、as reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）4. 时间状语过去进行时常用的时间状语有：at that time/moment, at 9:00 yesterday, this morning，the whole morning， all day yesterday，this time yesterday/last week，from nine to ten last evening 以及 when, while 引导的时间状语从句
4、。5. 过去进行时的一般疑问句及否定句方法：1）过去进行时的结构是 was/were + doing，其中包含 be 动词 was/were，否定句只要在 be 动词 was/were 之后加上否定词 not。2）改变成一般疑问句时，只要将前面 was 或者 were 提前放到句首就可以了，肯定回答是：yes，主语+was/were 否定回答是：no，主语+wasnt/werent 。注意要将第一人称变为第二人称。例句：肯定句: We were watching TV at this time yesterday.昨天晚上这个时候我们正在看电视。否定句：We were not watching
5、 TV at this time yesterday.昨天晚上这个时候我们不在看电视。一般疑问句：Were you watching TV at this time yesterday?昨天晚上这个时候你们正在看电视吗？肯定回答：Yes，we were 。是的，我们是。否定回答：No，we werent不，我们不是。6. 重点拓展1）动词 come，go, leave, start, begin, arrive 等常用过去进行时表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作。例句： He said he was leaving for Beijing next week.他说他下个星期要动身去北京。John
6、said that he was going to London with his father.约翰说他要和父亲到伦敦去。2） 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have， hear，know，like ，love ，mean，mind，notice，own ，remember，seem ，suppose，understand，want，wish 等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding
7、him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。（二）常考六种时态汇总种类 意义 构成特点 时间标志词 例句一般现在时1.现阶段经常性或习惯性动作 2.目前的状态 3.客观真理。be 用 am/is/are;主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词词尾加-s/-es;其他人称和数用动词原形often，sometimes,usually,twice a month,on Sundays,every weekHe usually leaves for school at 7 in the morning.他经常早上七点去上学。第 3 页 共 7 页一般过去时1.过去发生
8、的动作；2.过去存在的状态be 用was/were;其他动词用过去式just now,ago,in 1980,last month, this morning, yesterday, used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我们去了历史博物馆一般将来时1.将来发生的动作；2.将来存在的状态1.will/shall+动词原形2.am/is/are going to + 动词原形tomorrow，next year， from now on, soon,in the futureI will meet you at the schoo
9、l gate tommorrow.明天早上我们在校门口见。现在进行时现在或现阶段正在进行的动作am/is/are+动词的现在分词now,at present,at the moment,these days,look,listenThe telephone is ringing.Could you answer it,please? 电话响了，你可以接听一下吗？过去进行时过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作was/were+动词的现在分词at 1:00 last night,at that momentI was reading when he came in.当他进来的时候，我正在读书。现在
10、完成时1.到现在为止已经完成的动作，对现在还有影响。2.从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态have/has+动词的过去分词yet,just,before,recently,once,already,lately,ever,never,since 1996,for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他只去过长城一次。二、典例精讲【典型例题 1】I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.A. cooked, were ringing B. was cooking, rang C. was cooking, were
11、 ringing D. cooked, rang【答案】B【典型例题 2】He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.A. tries B. tried C. was trying D. will try【答案】C【典型例题 3】While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.A. was watching, was hearing B. watched, was hearingC. watched, heard D. was watching, heard【答案】A【典型
12、例题 4】They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.A. were watching B. watch C. watched D. are watching【答案】A【典型例题 5】What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?A. did, read, was seeing B. did, read, sawC. were, reading, saw D. were, reading, was seeing【答案】C三、方法归纳1. 做题第一步用时间状语判断句子的时态，然
13、后选择合适的动词形式。2. 对于中考湖南常考的六种时态要熟练掌握，应用对比法，对照起来学习。3. 对于一些特殊的用法，如用现在进行时表示将来要能熟记。 四、课堂练习一单项选择1. What were you doing this time yesterday?I _ on the grass and drawing a picture.A. sit B. sat C. am sitting D. was sitting【答案】D2. Why didnt you answer my telephone yesterday?Sorry. I _ a bath.A. took B. take C.
14、am taking D. was taking【答案】D3. While the alien _ a souvenir, the girl called the police.A. was buying B. bought C. buys D. is buying【答案】A4. Wheres Susan, Mike?She _ in the kitchen.A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. has cooke【答案】C第 5 页 共 7 页5. When I came back yesterday evening, my brother _ his hom
15、ework.A is doing B. has done C. was doing D. were doing【答案】C二用所给词的适当形式填空1. “Have you ever_ (study ) with a group ? ” “Yes, I have”2. My mother was _(water) flowers in the garden when I came back.3. Everybody likes to ask him for help because he often _ (come) up with good Ideas.4. Xi Jingpings speec
16、h in Shanghai _(make) us believe China will be stronger and stronger.5. The boy _(sit) down excitedly because he answerwd the difficult question correctly.6. Lots of foreigners _(come) to visit the old town every year.7. He _ (work) in the biggest computer company in the world.8. She _(hear) the new
17、s on her way to the cinema.9. Li Lei usually _ (play) soccer after school.10. Some students in Shanghai _ (have) e-bags for several months.【答案】1. studyed 2.watering 3. comes 4. made e 7.works 8.heard 9.plays 10.have had三句型转换（每空一词）1. I was reading when he came in.(对划线部分提问)What _ _ _ when he came in?【
18、答案】were you doing 2.This is my schoolbag. (变为复数 )_ _ _ schoolbags.【答案】These are our3. They went to the Great Wall last year.(变为否定句) They _ _ to the Great Wall last year.【答案】didnt go4. He usually gets up at six in the morning.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ he get up in the morning?【答案】What time did5. Have you ever b
19、een to the the Summer Palace?(做肯定回答)Yes, _ _ .【答案】I have五、中考链接一根据汉语意思完成句子1. （2015湖南预测）越来越多的外国人对中国传统文化感兴趣。More and more foreigners _ the traditional Chinese culture. 【答案】are interested in 2. （2015湖南预测）他们虽然性格迥异，但仍然能够和睦相处。They have different personalities, but they still can _ each other.【答案】get on wel
20、l with3.（2015湖南）我们每年三月植树。We _ in March every year.【答案】plant trees4.（2014湖南）早起锻炼，有益健康。Its good for your health to _ early and exercise.【答案】get up二补全对话 （2014眉山）A: Excuse me, sir.1._B：Certainly.Go along this street. Turn left into Xingfu Street, and the museum is on your right.A：2._B：Its about thirty m
21、inutes.A：I see.3._B：Yes, you can. A No.103 bus will take you there.A：4._B：Over there. Look! The bus is coming.A：Thank you very much.B：5._【答案】1. Could you tell me the way to the museum?2. How long will it take me to walk there?3. Can I take a bus? 4. Where is the bus stop?5. Youre welcome 第 7 页 共 7 页
