1、一、图表作文 图表的类型主要有下列几种：简称“三图一表”即柱状图（Bar Graph）、线形图(Line Graph)、饼状图(Pie Graph)和表格(Table)，下边给出了三种图样。 图表作文的题型特点：以图表作为信息来源的写作模式，即根据图标上的数字，找出所反映的社会现象，并从中看出主要问题和发展趋势；通常的写作逻辑结构为：,Paragraph I:（1）描述图表：趋势描写；（2）描述图表：必要数据支持（细节性）。Paragraph II:（1）提出自己理由和观点；（2）细节性分论点（支持自己观点）。Paragraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方法；（2）总结全文和表达作者自
2、己观点。,Model 1,As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table (graph/ picture/ pie/ chart), _作文题目的议题_has been on rise (goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/ steadily rising/decreasing from_ in _年_ to _ in _年_. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the
3、 chart, it goes without saying that _现象总结_. There are at least two good reasons accounting for _。On the one hand, _. On the other hand, _ is due to the fact that _. In addition, _ is responsible for _. (Maybe there are some other reasons to show _. But it is generally believed that the above mention
4、ed reasons are commonly convincing. ) As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _. 再加上对策、口号。,模板一,段落一：According to the figures given in the diagram/picture/pie chart, we can see that _ is increasing in the past _, while _ is decreasing. (从整体上对事物发展的趋势作概括) 段落二：Possible reasons for this ar
5、e as follows. (问题产生的原因) On the one hand, _. (原因一) On the other hand, _. (原因二) Furthermore, _. (原因三) 段落三： From what has been analyzed, we can draw a conclusion that _. (得出结论) As a matter of fact, with the improvements in _, the trend will go on in the future. (提出改进的方法或措施) Therefore, _. (最后再强调观点 ),有效词
6、汇,上升：increase、rise、 ascend 、sore、 surge 、go up 、climb 、mount、 level up 下降: decrease、 fall 、drop、 descend、 decline 、reduce 、lessen、 level down 平稳:stable 、steady、 remain/maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to 波动:fluctuate、 fluctuation、 rise and falls、 up and down 占:occupy、 take up、 account for、 gain,
7、相比:by contract、 on the contrary、 likewise、 compared with 最高点:the highest 、the top、 the summit 、the peak、 the most 最低点:bottom 、less 、least 、rock bottom 平均:mean、 average 趋势:tendancy 、trend、 inclination 预见:prediction 达到顶峰: mount to 在*中占*:*gain the percentage of 有一个稳定的过程:a stable period can be seen,图表描述
8、练习1 观察下列图表，请以“Changes in the Ownership of House”为题，为校报写一篇短文。 注意：短文应包括以下内容：,1、根据图示描述该市住房产权的变化 2、分析产生这些变化的原因 3、说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响描述图表,Ownership of Houses in a Big City in China,As can be seen from the chart, ownership of houses in a big city in China changed in the past ten years. In 1995, 75 percent o
9、f the houses were state-owned. Five years later, the rate of state-owned houses to private ones was 3 to 2. But from then on, the ownership of houses changed rapidly and so far 80 percent of houses have been private.,图表描述练习2,Directions: Write an English composition in over 120 words according to the
10、 chart and instructions given in Chinese.根据图表, 简要描述某市近年每百手机用户增长情况，并试分析其增长的原因,范文 ：2002年6月,Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chi
11、nese below: 1. 上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年（2 hours）、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours)，请描述其变化； 2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）； 3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 Student Use of Computers,Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. Reading this chart, we can find that the average number o
12、f hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours.Obviously computers are becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, com
13、puters facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to pu
14、rchase them. Along with the time spent on computers, there arise some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games so that they ignore their studies. It is urgent to let the students use computers in a proper way.,English is the most widely spoken l
15、anguage in the world today, (which is ) a fact that everyone knows. Whatever one does, he cannot do without knowing something about English. A good command of spoken English enables us to travel around the world without difficulties. If we can read English, we may expose ourselves to the latest info
16、rmation about technology, culture, and so on, which can enrich our knowledge. There are so many advantages about learning English that we should not miss any opportunity to master it.,More and more people have mobile phones in recent years. In 1995, only one person in a hundred had a mobile phone in
17、 some city, as has shown in the above diagram. In 1997, 10 persons in a hundred had mobile phones. The number of the people who had mobile phones was ten times as many as in 1995. In 1999, there were 20 persons in a hundred who had mobile phones. In 2001, a half of the persons in a hundred had mobil
18、e phones.,参考练习（图表没找到）,1、下图所示为1978年，1985年1997年中国贫困线以下人口的变化情况，请先描述其变化。2、请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从改革开放、高科技在生产中的应用等）3、你认为解决目前中国贫困人口还有什么困难或者问题。,第三部分、范文,As the bar chart shows, the number of people below the poverty line decreased dramatically during the years of 1978 to1997.Asearly as 1978, about 250 million peopl
19、e were under the poverty line. Then seven years later, the number became three fifths that of1978.And arriving in the year 1997, the number was reduced to 50millions.Several factors contribute to the sharp decrease of the below-poverty population. The reform and opening following1978enabled the peas
20、ants to become much better off. And with the development of Chinese economy, that policy also proved city dwellers lives greatly. Furthermore, the high-tech introduced made it possible for the countrys economy as a whole to takeoff. All these result in the great fall of the Chinese population below
21、the poverty line.However, a further decrease in the number of poverty-stricken people is faced with some problems. With quite few employees being laid off, the effect of which is not only discouraging, but also challenging. So my principle is to pay due attention to the newcomers, but not just to ca
22、re for the poor, say, in remote mountain areas.,参考练习,八、图表作文 Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Statistics in Peoples Daily Expenses in Xian. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below: 1、 Describe the chang
23、es indicated in the table. 2、 The reasons for the change. 3、 Make predictions about the future tendency.,What is shown in the table above indicates that dramatic changes have taken place in the daily expenses in Xian from 1995 to 1999. The expenses on food have declined by 30% while those on clothin
24、g and recreation have increased respectively by 9% and 7%. There are two factors accounting for these changes. In the first place, the risen income resulting from economic growth plays a vital role in the less expense on food. In the second place, when food presents no worry to the average, people b
25、egin to focus more of their interest on handsome appearance and happy leisure time. As a result of such a shift, spending on clothing and recreation increases year by year. From the analyses made above, with the further growth in economy and more changes in life style, the tendency indicated in the table will continue in the better direction.,
