1、Unit 17Laughter,开 篇 背 诵,通知 典型例题 (辽宁)假定你住在一个涉外小区。社区委员会请你帮忙用英文以短文形式写一封电子邮件，将周末农家采摘活动的安排传达给住户。 要点： 时间：下周六上午800至1100 内容：采摘苹果 报名：办公室，下周四下午500前 提示：带帽子、手套 欢迎踊跃参加,注意： 1. 词数100左右。 2. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 3. 参考词汇：社区community 写作提示 1. 通知可分为书面通知和口头通知。书面通知要求有标题，通知对象，发出通知的单位名称，通知日期。而口头通知一般没有题目，也不必写出通知的日期。 2. 通知多用第一人称和第二
2、人称，时态多用将来时。,佳作欣赏 Our Dear Residents， In order to enrich the life of the residents, the committee of our community has arranged a special activity for next weekend. We plan to go to a farm to pick apples from 8 to 11 next Saturday morning. All the residents in the community can join. Those interested
3、 in the activity have to sign up in the office before 5 next Thursday.,In addition, while working there, youd better wear a hat and gloves to protect your face from being exposed to the strong sunlight and your hands hurt. Welcome to take an active part in the activity. Wish you a wonderful time! Th
4、e committee of the community,名师点评 1. 本文要点齐全，符合口头通知的特点，语言较口语化。通知对象、时间、地点、事情等要点齐全。 2. 文中采用了许多较高级的词语：in order to; In addition; be exposed to; protect from; take an active part in。 interested in the activity作后置定语；while working there作状语。,教 材 自 主 回 归,记记单词 1a_n代理处，经销处_n代理人，代理商 2f_adj.健忘的_adj.可能被忘记的，易被忘记的 3
5、b_n国界，边境_n边界，分界线，界限 4c_n谨慎，小心_adj.谨慎的，小心的_adv.谨慎地，小心地,agency,agent,forgetful,forgettable,border,boundary,caution,cautious,cautiously,5p_adv.完全地，仅仅_adj.完全的，十足的，纯粹的，地道的 6a_vt.使惊讶，使惊骇_adj.令人惊讶的_adj.惊讶的_n惊讶，惊愕 7d_n深(度)，纵深_n长度_n宽度_n高度,purely,pure,astonish,astonishing,astonished,astonishment,depth,length,
6、width,height,8s_vt.使恐惧_adj.受惊吓的，恐惧的 9s_vi.挨饿，饿死_n饥饿 10a_vt.做成功，完成_adj.完成的，熟练的_n成就，功绩，业绩,scare,scared,starve,starvation,accomplish,accomplished,accomplishment,记记短语 线长不固定，随答案长短变1.Someone might _(突然大笑起来) when they understand a joke. 2If humour were to _(摆脱)those demands, the human race would die. 3It i
7、s very valuable for a doctor to be friendly and lighthearted and to show humour _(时不时地),burst out laughing,get rid of,from time to time,4Some day, everyone will have a red nose on and a traffic jam will _(导致)the instant appearance of 10,000 clowns! 5Well, the day before we went away, another car jus
8、t _(径直撞上我) 6Can you think of a comedian who really _(令你生厌)?,result in,ran straight into me,turns you off,7He constantly gets into awkward and absurd situations, which greatly amuses audiences _ (不管他们的国籍和文化) 8_(多亏侯宝林的杰出的表演)，Xiangsheng gained a great reputation and much glory.,regardless of their nati
9、onality or culture,Thanks to Hou Baolins brilliant performances,记记句型 1._(在餐桌就坐后)，Mr. Bean _(拿出)a card, _(写) a few words on it, _(封)it in an envelope and _(放)it on the table. 2He then looks from the menu to the money with concern _(直到找到一样使他微笑的东西),After being seated at his table,takes out,writes,seals
10、,places,until he finds one thing that makes him smile,3He cannot hide his feelings, _(除了当服务员问他是否一切正常时) 4_(吓唬了那些小人后)，I began struggling to get loose and managed to break the strings. 5_(我尽可能大范围的转一下头)，I saw a stage built about a foot and a half above the ground.,except when the waiters ask if everythi
11、ng is all right,Having scared the little beings,Turning my head as far as I could,教 材 知 识 探 究 词 语 解 读,1. harmony n和睦，融洽；和谐，协调 in harmony (with)和协调一致；和睦 out of harmony (with) 和不协调，不和睦 harmonious adj.协调的；和睦的，友好的 harmonize v使协调，和谐,解题警示 表示“与一致”除in harmony外，还有in agreement with/agree with/agree on等。agree
12、with表示(气候、饮食、环境等)与一致/适合。 The harmony of sea and sky makes a beautiful picture. 大海和天空和谐地构成一幅美丽的图画。 预测题 In a beautiful picture there is _ between the different colors. A. money B. harmony C. honey D. harm 答案：B,2. withdraw vt.&vi.取回，收回；提取；收回 withdraw.from.从移走(提取；收回；撤出) withdraw a remark撤回评论 withdraw fr
13、om从撤出(退出) Lily withdrew $1,000 from her account. 莉莉从她的账户上提取了1000美元。 The shy girl withdrew quickly her eyes from the tall boys eyes. 那位腼腆的女孩迅速地移走了视线，不去看那高个男孩的眼睛。,解题警示 withdraw本身已包含了“回”之意，故不再和back连用，类似的还有return, repay, remove等。,3. delay n. & v延误，延期 delay doing sth.put off doing sth.延迟做某事 without delay
14、赶快，立刻 a delay in doing sth.耽误做某事 解题警示 delay后只接doing，不接to do作宾语。,考试题 (2010北京市西城区)The plane must be ready within half an hour. There should be no _ in sending the blood and medicine to the injured people. A. hurry B. delay C. Time D. wait 答案与解析：B 此题考查名词的辨析。There should be no delay in doing sth.做什么事情都不
15、应该有任何的耽搁。,(福建)The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any _ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009. Adelay Beffort Cschedule Dconsideration 答案与解析：A 考查名词辨析。delay耽搁；effort努力；schedule时间表；consideration考虑。句意：当甲型H1N1于2009年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织立刻向公众发出了警告。without delay“立刻”。其余选
16、项不合语意。,4. acknowledge vt.& vi.认可，承认 acknowledge doing/that.承认 acknowledge sb./sth. as/to beadj./n. 认为是 acknowledge sb. with以对某人表示感谢 It is universally acknowledge that. 是大家公认的 acknowledgement n承认，感谢；收悉通知，回执,in acknowledgement of 承认，感谢；以表示谢意 He grudgingly acknowledged having made a mistake/that he had
17、 made a mistake. 他勉强承认犯了错误。 He is generally acknowledged to have the finest collection of Dutch paintings in private hands. 大家公认，他拥有的荷兰绘画收藏品是私人手中拥有的最珍贵的部分。,解题警示 acknowledge 作“承认”“供认”讲时，后跟名词、宾语从句，也可接动名词作宾语，不接动词不定式。作“认为”讲时与as或to be连用。,考试题 (湖北)We _ with thanks your timely aid when we were in trouble. A
18、attributed Bcontributed Cacknowledged Daccomplished 答案：C,(石家庄)I would be grateful if you would _ receipt of this letter. Aadmit Backnowledge Caccept Dinform 答案：B,5. result in导致，造成 as a result 结果 as a result of.由于的原因 in the result 结果(是) with the result that 为此；因此 解题警示 result in短语中主语是起因，其后的宾语是结果；resul
19、t from短语中主语是结果，其后的宾语是起因。,考试题 (郴州质量监测)It is a disease that can _ total deafness if left untreated. A. leave behind B. leave alone C. let down D. result in 答案与解析：D leave behind留下，忘带；leave alone对置之不理，不管；let down减退；result in导致。,6. resist vt.抵抗；抵制 cant/couldnt resist doing sth.禁不住干某事 resist doing sth.抵制干
20、某事 resistance n抵抗，抵抗力 resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抗的(常构成复合词) The government are resisting the nurses wage demands. 政府正拒绝护士增加工资的要求。,Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease. 营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。解题警示 resist后面只能跟v.ing作宾语，不能跟to do作宾语。其形容词和名词形式后需跟介词to搭配。,词语辨析 resist, object与oppose resist指积极地
21、反抗、对抗或用武力阻止前进。 object常指用言论或论据等表示反对，着重指个人嫌弃和由于与个人有关因此提出反对意见。 oppose指对某人、某事采取积极行动来反对，着重动作，尤指反对一种观念、思想、计划等。,预测题 The genes of the cloned animal are so arranged that it cant _ such a disease, so it soon died. A. overlook B. resist C. exist D. withdraw 答案：B,用resist, object或oppose的适当形式填空 If he has a gun, d
22、ont try to _. I_to his plan. The father _ his sons marriage.,resist,object,opposed,7. scold vt.骂，责骂 scold sb.责骂某人 scold sb. for doing sth.因做某事而责骂某人 She is always scolding her children. 她老是斥责自己的子女。 He was scolded for being lazy. 他因懒惰而受到斥责。,词语辨析 scold与blame scold表示“数落，责骂”之意，但不是以脏话骂人，常用于父母对孩子、妻子对丈夫、老师对
23、学生等。 blame表示“责怪、归咎”，通常指内心责怪，没有用言语责骂之意。,考试题 (2010河南六市联考)The mother who lost her son insisted that the careless driver _ for the traffic accident _ yesterday. A. was to blame; happening B. be to blame; happened C. be blamed; was happened D. was to blame; had happened,答案与解析：B 本题意为：失去儿子的母亲坚持认为粗心的司机应该为昨天
24、发生的交通事故受责备。insist后接从句，从句谓语应用(should)do形式；第二空中所填之词作后置定语，修饰“the traffic accident”，故用过去分词。,预测题 The student was _ by his teacher yesterday because of his fault. Apleased Bscolded Cexcited Dtaught 答案与解析：B 根据句意“因为他的过失”，所以应该是受到训斥。,8. forbid vt.禁止，不许 forbid sth. 禁止某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do
25、 sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事 allow/permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow/permit doing sth. 允许做某事,解题警示 forbid只能接动词ing形式作宾语，不可接动词不定式即不可说forbid to do sth. 但可接不定式作宾补，即forbid sb. to do sth. 类似用法的动词有allow，permit，advise等。,预测题 He forbade them _ mentioning the subject again. Anot Bagainst Cout of Dfrom
26、 答案与解析：D forbid sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事。,9. regardless of 不管；不顾 in spite of尽管；不管 despite 不管；尽管 as regards关于，至于 in regard to/of.关于 in this regard关于此事 with regard to关于 regarding prep.关于,解题警示 regardless of，in spite of 和despite后面不能直接跟从句，只能跟名词，但可以跟“the fact that.”。如： They continued to work regardless
27、of the fact that it was raining. 尽管天下雨，他们还继续工作。,考试题 (潍坊模拟)Equal treatment for all is guaranteed in this area, _ race, religion or sex. A. in need of B. in spite of C. regardless of D. in terms of 答案与解析：C 考查固定短语。句意：享有平等的医疗在这个地区得到了保证，不分种族，宗教，性别。regardless of表示不管，不顾；而in need of表示需要；in spite of相当于despit
28、e表示尽管，虽然；in terms of表示按照(依据，用词句，用来，通过)。,(宜昌调研)The poor boy was caught stealing things from the supermarket. _ his young age, the action itself deserved to be punished. A. Owing to B. In face of C. Regardless of D. In view of,答案与解析：C 考查介词短语辨析。owing to“由于，因为”，表示原因；in face of“面临”，表示时间；regardless of“不管，
29、不顾”，表示不受某种情况的影响；in view of“由于，鉴于”，表示原因。句意：那个可怜的男孩在超市偷窃时被抓。即使他年轻，他的行为本身应该受到惩罚。,10. astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊讶 be astonishedat/by sth. to do sth.被/因惊吓 that. What astonished sb. was that.令某人惊讶的是 astonished adj.惊讶的(指人，作表语或定语) astonishing adj.令人惊讶的(指物，作表语或定语) astonishment n吃惊，惊讶,预测题 The news that her son died _
30、 her. A. astonishing B. astonished C. was astonishing D. was astonished 答案与解析：B 本题考查astonish的用法，句子主语为The news, that her son died是同位语从句。所选动词作句子的谓语。根据题意及时态可排除A、C、D三项。,11. convince vt.使确信；使信服 convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事 convince sb.(that)使某人确信 convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做 be convinced of sth.确信/坚信 be c
31、onvinced (that)确信 convinced adj.确信的，坚信的,convincing adj.有说服力的；令人信服的，肯定的，确定无疑的 They failed to convince the directors that their proposals would work. 他们未能使董事们相信他们的建议是切实可行的。,预测题 He tried to _ me not to go there, but his advice was not _ at all. A. persuade; convinced B. convince; convinced C. convince;
32、 convincing D. advise; convinced 答案与解析：C 根据第二个空，应填形容词，convincing修饰事物，而convinced用来修饰人。,12. thanks to 多亏；由于 This is mainly thanks to gambling. 这主要得益于博彩业。 Thanks to his help, I finished the job in time. 幸亏有他的帮忙，我及时完成了任务。,词语辨析 thanks to与because of thanks to强调“多亏”，含有较重的感谢或讽刺意味，所构成的短语可位于句首或句末。 because of意
33、为“因为，由于”，是较普通的一个短语，可位于句首或句末。 类似的还有owing to, as a result of, due to等。,预测题 Thanks _ his stepmother, our manager get a good education. Aat Bfor Cto Din 答案与解析：C 句意：多亏了他的继母，我们的经理受到了良好的教育。,13. accomplish vt.完成；贯彻，实现(计划等)，达到(目的)；实行 accomplish ones object/aim达到目的 accomplish ones mission完成使命 be accomplished
34、in擅长 accomplished adj.有才艺的；有(艺术)造诣的 accomplishment n才艺，才能；成就，完成，实现,Shes accomplished a great deal in the last few weeks. 在过去几周里，她完成了相当多的工作。 Being able to play the piano well is one of his many accomplishments. 钢琴弹得好是他的许多才能中的一种。 解题警示 accomplish相当于succeed in doing sth., finish sth.successfully完成，成功地做，
35、相当于achieve。,词语辨析 accomplish, complete与finish accomplish指成功地完成预期目标。 complete强调完整地终结，含有使某事完善，完整，补足缺少部分的意味。 finish着重指圆满地结束已着手的事情，尤指日常事务的完成或结束，其后可接动名词作宾语。,考试题 (2010宜昌调研)Every time we should keep in mind that we need experienced hands. Ideas just dont _ themselves. A. attempt B. evaluate C. accomplish D.
36、 convince 答案与解析：C 句意：我们每次都应该记住我们需要有经验的双手。想法不能自动实验。attempt试图；evaluate估计；accomplish完成；convince使确信，使信服，说服。正确答案为C项。,预测题 The project _ by the end of 2010, will expand the citys telephone network to cover over 2,000,000 users. A. being accomplished B. to be accomplished C. accomplished D. having been acco
37、mplished,答案与解析：B 分析句子成分可知_by the end of 2010是后置定语，修饰the project，且根据时间状语by the end of 2010可知，accomplish发生在将来，用动词不定式，accomplish与project在逻辑上为动宾关系，用不定式的被动式。,句 型 剖 析,1. After being seated at his table, Mr Bean takes out a card.在餐桌就座后，憨豆先生拿出一张卡片 after是个介词，后面要用动词的现在分词形式，要注意seat的用法：seat作及物动词时意为“使就座；容纳”。Be s
38、eated, please表示“请坐”，此处用被动语态，为习惯表达。 The auditorium seats 3,000 people. 这个礼堂可坐三千人。 Ladies and gentlemen, please be seated. 女士们，先生们，请就座。,2. He then looks from the menu to the money with concern until he finds one thing that makes him smile.然后专注地边看菜单边看自己的钱，直到找到一样使他微笑的东西。 until在句中引导时间状语从句。 解题警示 until作连词，
39、引导时间状语从句，表示动作、状态的继续，直到另一动作或状态出现为止。在否定句中，与瞬间性动词连用，译为“直到才”，可与before引导的从句进行句型转换。,until作介词，表示动作或状态一直到(时间)为止，以表示时间的名词为宾语。在肯定句中与表示延续性动作的动词连用。在否定句中，相当于before，表示“直到才”，与表示瞬间性(终止性)动作的动词连用。 当强调否定句中until引导的时间状语或时间状语从句时，其强调形式为：It is/was not until.that.。,另外当not与until的时间状语或从句放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。 It was not until the pro
40、fessor came that we began the experiment. 在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。,预测题 It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson. A. until B. after C. since D. when 答案与解析：A 句意：在亲身经历之前，我们很难去吸取生活中的教训。until直到为止；after在之后；since自从时开始；when在时候，根据句意选A项。,3. Having scared the little beings, I be
41、gan struggling to get loose and managed to break the strings that tied my left arm and slightly moved the strings that tied down my hair.吓唬了那些小人后，我开始挣扎松开并设法摆脱了绑在左胳膊上的绳子并顺利地脱离了绑在头发上的绳子。 having scared.为现在分词短语作状语，现在分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，且和主语之间构成主动关系。,分词所表示的动作完成之后，谓语动词所表示的动作才发生，用现在分词的完成形式作状语。 Walking in the fi
42、elds on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. 走在三月下午的田野里，他可以感觉到春天的温暖。 Having waited in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. 这位老人排队等候一小时后，突然意识到他把支票丢在小汽车里。,随 堂 检 测,.单词拼写 1There was a d_ of two hours before the plane took off. 2I
43、didnt mean to eat anything, but those apples looked so good I couldnt r_ trying one. 3I could hear my wife s_ Niuniu, our dog, for bring mud into the house. 4The secretary is very careful and never o_ any little points.,delay,resist,scolding,overlooks,5The US government threatened that it would w_ a
44、ll its investment from the country if the country didnt reduce the customs duties. 6His ideas were no longer in h_ with ours. Actually he stuck to just the opposite. 7He was in poor health, so the doctor f_ him to drink wine.,withdraw,harmony,forbade,8We were all _(惊讶)by the news that he had passed
45、his driving test. 9The best method to a _this goal is to unite as many people as possible with the labor movement itself. 10R_ does it rain so heavily in North China as it did last summer.,astonished,accomplish,Rarely,.选择填空(有两项为多余选项) burst out, get rid of, from time to time, result in, run into, put on, turn sb. off, regardless of, thanks to 1I nearly _ a bus when it stops suddenly in front of me. 2She says what she thinks, _other peoples feelings. 3Yesterday my friends and I went to the cinema. But the film _， so we left soon.,run into,regardless of,
