1、四级作文写作技巧,英语四级考试作文的评分依据是：文章切题，条理清楚语言准确和字数符合要求. 所谓切题就是要求考生紧扣文章大纲；条理则要求考生词汇、语法运用不出错误；四级作文的字数要求一般是不少于120字。,一、审题, 题型： 文字命题：明确的标题和提纲要点或起始句 图表命题：图表或图画并带有相应的文字提示信息 应用文 主题体裁：议论文，说明文，记叙文和应用文从近些年看，四级作文不是单一的体裁，而是几种体裁的糅合体。,二、确定主题句,审完题后，接下来就是如何写的问题。第一步是确定主题句，主题句既能保证你不跑题，又能帮助你制定写作思路。例如2006.6作文题On Students Choosing
2、 Lecturers，所给提纲如下： （1） 有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课老师。 （2） 学生选择老师时所考虑的主要因素是 （3） 学生自选任课老师的益处及可能产生的问题。,二、确定主题句,上述题目的 三段主题句为： At present, some colleges and universities have allowed their students to choose their own teachers for certain reasons. When it comes to choosing lecturers, some factors should be taken
3、 into account. There is a good side and a bad side to everything, and the selection of lecturers is no exception.,三、组织段落,确定主题句后，接下来的工作就是展开论述。将文章合理划分为三段： 基本上包括开头，主体，结尾三个部分。 组织段落的能力也是尤为重要的（接下来的连贯与衔接部分，我们更为详细的为大家讲解)。 行文时，不只是提供一些information,还要学会运用一些examples, personal experiences, comparisons, descriptio
4、ns等等，只有这样，才不会觉得无话可“写”。,1.观点论证型,第一部分：总结描述。主题句+扩展句 第二部分：论据及理由。主题句+举例 第三部分：表明自己的观点，总结全文。It pays to be honest Honesty is the best policy,利弊选择型,第一部分：简述事件 第二部分：阐述第一种看法，给出理由或举例 主题句+理由/举例1 +理由/举例2 +理由/举例3 第三部分：阐述第二种看法，给出理由或举例 主题句+理由/举例1 +理由/举例2 +理由/举例3 第四部分：表面自己的观点，总结全文。 Spring festival gala on CCTV,现象解释型,第
5、一部分：描述现象，引起话题。 第二部分：对现象进行分析，解释现象发生或变化的原因 第三部分：针对现象做出评论，表明自己的态度、观点和做法等。Harmfulness of fake commodities,途径方法型,第一部分：概述现状，提出问题 第二部分：分析和解决问题 第三部分：总结全文或提出建议How to succeed in a job interview,应用文,第一部分：简短的问候，自我介绍，引出话题，提出写信的目的。 第二部分：就上面提及的问题进行展开阐述。 第三部分：总结补充，提出解决问题的方案或者对问题的解决表示期盼。以简单的结束语收尾。A letter in reply t
6、o a friends inquiry about applying for admission to your college or university,A Letter Reply to a Friend December 27, 2011 Dear Tom, I am looking forward to your good news. sincerely/truly/faithfully yours, Li Ming,四、连贯与衔接,1.列举法 列举事实或举出实例来说明中心思想, 是简单易行、具有说服力的写作方法。 列举时常用for example, for instance, su
7、ch as, like, takeas an/ for example, to illustrate 等词语.Communicating with other people by telephone is very convenient, especially when you have something urgent. For example, if one of your family members is seriously ill at night, and you dont know how to deal with it and where to find a doctor, w
8、hat can you do? A telephone is the answer. Dial 120 and you will get services from the hospital very soon.,2.分类法,一般是在主题句之后，依次罗列段落指示词所表达的几个部分或几个方面。然后，选用丰富的事例对所罗列的各个部分或各个方面进行具体地说明或解释。 There are three basic kinds of materials that can be found in any good library. First, there are books on all subjects
9、, both in English and in many other languages. These books are organized according to subject, title, and author in a central file canned the card catalog. Second, there are reference works, which include encyclopedias, dictionaries, bibliography, atlases, etc., and which generally must be used in t
10、he library itself. Third, there are periodicals- magazines, newspapers, pamphlets-which are filed alphabetically in racks, or which have been filmed to conserve space. 分类时常用：most of all， next，moreover， in addition，besides，furthermore，to begin with，to start with，first of all，first，second，third,3. 因果关
11、系,在段落一开头，就用主题句点明其因果关系，然后选用有关材料，客观的罗列某些原因或结果，以阐述中心思想。 Growing numbers of Americans are making the decision to move abroad. They find it impossible in America to walk the streets at night without fear of being raped, mugged, or murdered, nor do they see a way to escape the poisonous air of the cities.
12、 They maintain that even American food has become increasingly dangerous to eat. Last but not least, they insist that they are sick of the pace of American life, a pace that leaves no time for relaxation or pleasure. 因果关系常用语汇: because of, so, owing to, thanks to, thus, as a result of, hence, for thi
13、s reason, consequently, is caused by, lead to, result in,4比较法,主题句必须明确表明所要比较的对象和所要比较的范围，实际上就是罗列两个或两个以上比较对象的相同点。 Learning English is like building a house. Laying a solid foundation is the first and most important step. In other words, you should read and speak English every day. Memorizing new words
14、and phrases is also helpful. Like building a house, learning English takes some time. So dont be impatient. Remember, Rome wasnt built in a day. 常用语汇：at the same time, similar to, accordingly, both, similarly, the same as, in the same way,1: do preparations for writing (Example ),Title: On Job-hoppi
15、ng Outline1 job hopping is a common phenomenon2 the reasons for job hopping:low income; great pressure; less likely to be promoted 3 the result of job hopping:lack of experience and training 4 solutions or advice for settling the problemas to individuals: learn to adapt to jobs as far as companies a
16、re concerned, in the long run, it is better to accommodate employees income for the sake of its development,2: scratch off the beginning and ending,2.1 Advice for the good beginning of a composition 切记点题,方法如下: 1.开门见山 2.借用观点 3.事实说话 4. 引用名言,2.1.1 开门见山,. Recently the problem of has aroused peoples comm
17、on/great concern. . One of the hottest topics many people talk about now is . Now people become increasingly aware of the necessity of ,2.1.2借用观点,It is commonly believed/acknowledged that . It is a common belief that . It has been taken for granted that . Everything has two sides and is not an excep
18、tion. It has both advantages and disadvantages.,2.1.2.3引用他人不同的观点,. Peoples views on vary from person to person. Some hold that, however, others believe that . People may have different opinions on . Attitudes towards vary from individual to individual. . Different people hold different attitudes tow
19、ard,2.1.3.事实说话,. According to a recent study / survey / statistics / chart / graph / diagram, . A recent survey indicates / shows / reveals that , so some people take the view that, others, however, dont think so. . Statistics available suggest that,2.1.4引用名言,As the saying/proverb/motto goes: “Pract
20、ice makes perfect.” “Where there is smoke, there is fire ”(无风不起浪) “When at Rome, do as Romans do”（入乡随俗） “More haste, less speed”(欲速则不达) “The water that bears boat is the same that swallows it up.”（水能载舟也能覆舟）,2.2 Advice for the good ending of a composition,2.2.1. 展望未来，充满信心 We may have a long way to go
21、 before we reach the final goal. But once we are on the way, the chance to reach is greater.,2.2.2 依据事实，得出结论,. Taking all these factors into consideration/account, we naturally come to/ draw/arrive at/reach the conclusion that . From what has been discussed/mentioned above, we may safely come to the
22、 conclusion that . Therefore, we can reach the following conclusion that,2.2.3 提出建议，指明方向,. There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of . It is time we put special emphasis on . Its necessary/urgent/essential that proper steps/measures should be taken.,2.2.4预计结果，警钟长鸣,No doubt
23、, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that . No doubt, if we ignore the problem, there is very chance that,2.3 中间段注意衔接过度及逻辑关系,表强调：above all/ apparently / obviously 表比较： in the same way/ equally 表对比：by contrast/ on the contrary/ otherwise 表列举：for example/ for instance/ take for examp
24、le 表时间顺序：later; then; finally; at last; at the same time; in the meanwhile,表先后顺序： first; second; third; finally; Last but not least 表解释： in other words; that is; namely 表递进：moreover; whats more; furthermore; in addition 表转折：however; instead of; on the other hand 表原因：owing to ; due to; because of; on
25、 account of; because; in that (clause) as a result of 表结果：consequently; as a result; therefore; thus; hence 表总结: on the whole; in conclusion/ in a word; in short; in belief,五. 四级写作时需要注意的几点事宜,1. 写作过程中切记不要用中式英语，比如：“man can live happiness”，要多积累一些习惯短语和表达法，在写作过程中尽可能多用模式化的句型，少些逐字翻译。 2. 考试作文中一定要长短句结合。对于一些基
26、础差的同学，如果不能很好的把握复杂句，还是用简单句比较好，至少不会用错。,3. 作文写完之后的检查。a，就是对整个文章结构的检查。对于自己写的文章，一定要把结构搞清楚，要想到别人阅读你的文章时，要一眼就能找到你的中心句，看出你文章论证的结构。b，语言错误。请一定避免简单但严重的错误。比如：单复数、主谓一致、时态、搭配和简单词的拼写。记得简单无误是写作的第一准则。 4. 字迹一定要工整，清晰。,Advice for writing,1. Being to the point 切题 2. Paragraph dividing 分段 3.Grammar mistakes avoiding避免语法错误 4. Words controlling 字数控制,
