1、CET-4 翻译,汉英翻译,四级翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，句中的一部分已用英文给出，考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语，考试时间5分钟。 翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用英语表达习惯的掌握情况。要求考生具有较好语法功底和丰富的句型和词组储备。,翻译题型三大考点,1. 固定搭配考点：这是翻译中的最为核心的考点，也是近几次命题密度最高的知识点。比如说名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为考试的命题重点。 例：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _
2、 (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.(大纲样题)。to attribute the childrens success to 区别： contribute to, distribute,翻译题型三大考点,2. 核心语法考点：这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考点的重现和转移，考点是一致的。核心语法考点主要有虚拟语气、倒装结构、从句、非谓语动词等。 例：_ (直到他完成使命) did he realize that he was seriously ill. （2008年6月第91题） 参考答案：Not until he accomplished / finished t
3、he mission,翻译题型三大考点,3. 核心动词以及动词短语考点。 例：Production has to be increased considerably to _ (与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步)。（2009年12月第90题） 参考答案：keep pace with the consumers growing demands. keep up with the constantly growing demands of consumers.,Part Translation 87_(为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance. 解析：In orde
4、r to ensure him to attend the meetingto ensure him to attend the meeting亦可 【结构分析】本题句子的主干 “I called him up in advance”已经给出，无需翻译，需要翻译部分为“为了确保他能参加会议”。该部分在句子中作目的状语 【考点解释】本题考查是目的状语。 目的状语可以由to/in order to来引导。 确保 ensure sb to do 确保某人做某事，ensure sth 确保某事 【原句精释】为了确保他参加会议，我已经提前给他电话了。,2010.12 翻译真题解析,Part Transl
5、ation 88The significant museum _ (据说建成于)about a hundred years ago. 解析：is said to have been built 【结构分析】本题句子的主语为the significant museum，缺谓语，即（据说建成于） about a hundred years ago为时间状语。 【考点解释】本题重点考查： 被动语态。主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系; 且bulid这一动作发生在过去。 据说 be said to；be said to+ 动词不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。 【原句精释】据说
6、这座意义深远的博物馆大约建成于一百年前。,2010.12 翻译真题解析,Part Translation 89There would be no life on earth _ (没有地球独特的环境)。 解析: without its unique environment but for its unique environment 【结构分析】本题句子含有There be结构。主干完整，there主语，would be 谓语，no life 表语，on earth 地点状语 【考点解释】本题重点考查： without的用法 without 是介词，后接名词；同时，表示“没有”，除withou
7、t外，还可用but for； 单词拼写 unique adj.独特；environment n.环境 当名词重复出现时，可适当使用代词，避免重复。 【原句精释】没有地球独特的环境，地球上就不会有生命。,2010.12 翻译真题解析,Part Translation 90_(给游客印象最深的)was the friendliness and warmth of the local people. 解析：What impressed the tourists most 【结构分析】本题句子为主系表结构，主语即考查部分，was 系动词，剩余部分为表语。 【考点解释】本题重点考查 what引导的主语从
8、句；what可引导句子充当主语； impress用法 给留下印象 impress sb； 最高级的用法most；结合考点，可推出“给印象最深”为impress sb most 【原句精释】当地人的友善与热情给游客们留下了最深的印象。,2010.12 翻译真题解析,91They requested that _ (我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday. 解析：the books I borrowed (should) be returned to the library I (should) return the book I borrowed to the library 【结构
9、分析】本题句子的主干部分分别是they 主语，request 谓语，后接that引导的宾语从句。 【考点解释】request的用法。request v. 要求；当request表示“要求”时，引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形。 定语从句。“我借的书”， the book (that) I borrowed； 单词的拼写。归还 return，借 borrow，图书馆 library 本题就此题提供了两个版本的答案，但在表示“规定，规则”时，被动语态更为常用。 【原句精释】他们要求我在下周五之前把借的书还回图书馆。,2010.6翻译真题解析,87. Because of
10、 the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty _ (集中注意力在实验上)。 参考答案： (in) concentrating on the experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment。 解析： 本题考查两个短语的用法，一个是have difficulty (in) doing sth，第二个短语是集中注意力，与此对应的有多个短语，如：focus/fix ones attention on, concentrate on。 翻译时需和前面短语的用法结合起来，把动词变成ing形式。,201
11、0.6翻译真题解析,88. The manager never laughed; neither _ (她也从来没有发过脾气) 参考答案：did she become angry/did she lose her temper before。 解析：本题考查neither的倒装用法，以及发脾气这个短语，发脾气可以说become angry，也可以用lose ones temper。,2010.6翻译真题解析,89. We look forward to _ (被邀请出席开幕式). 参考答案：being invited to attend the opening ceremony. 解析：本题考
12、查look forward to的用法，后面要跟名词或者动词的ing形式，而且要注意后边是被邀请所以要用被动语态。,2010.6翻译真题解析,90. It is suggested that the air conditioner _(要安装在窗户旁)。 参考答案： (should) be fixed/installed by the window 解析：本题考查It is suggested that结构中主语从句中要用虚拟语气的用法，即should + 动词原形，should可以省略。,2010.6翻译真题解析,91. The 16-year-old girl decided to tra
13、vel abroad on her own despite _ (她父母的强烈反对)。 参考答案：the strong opposition of her parents/ her parents strong opposition。 解析：本题考查despite的用法，注意despite是介词，后边应该跟名词或者名词短语。,2010年12月,87.In order to ensure him to attend the meeting 88.was said to be founded （句型） 89.without the special environment on earth （介词）
14、 90.What the tourists were impressed by （what 用法） 91.the books that I borrowed (should) be returned to the library （虚拟语气）,2010年6月,87. (in) concentrating on the experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment.（短语） 88. did she become angry/did she lose her temper before. （倒装） 89. being invited to
15、 attend the opening ceremony. （被动） 90. (should) be installed / fixed by the window（虚拟语气） 91. the strong opposition of her parents/her parents strong opposition (despite用法）（介词）,2009年12月,87. you had followed my instructions. （虚拟语气） 88. abandoned the pursuit of knowledge / give up pursuing knowledge. 8
16、9. before we find the methods of curing cancers / before we find the cure for cancer 90. keep up with the constantly growing demands of consumers. （短语） 91. the less likely you are to catch a cold.,2009年6月,87. difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates（句型+短语） 88. wouldnt have been caught by the
17、rain （虚拟语气） 89. more likely to put on weight （句型+短语） 90. What many people dont realize （what 用法） 91. closely relative to the lack of exercise （短语）,2008年12月,87. (that/which) they havent found solution to （定语从句） 88. What most parents are concerned about （what 用法） 89. in case it (should) turn cold./ in
18、 case of temperature drop. （虚拟语气） 90. decided to launch their own enterprise/ decided to start their own business 91. until a doctor discovered it by chance.,2008年6月,87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research can be applied to the development of new technology. （短语） 88. I cant boot
19、my computer now. Something must be wrong with its operating system. 89. Leaving ones job, no matter what job it is /whatever job it is, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. 90. Compared with the place (in which/where) I grow up, this town is more prosperous and excitin
20、g. （定语从句） 91. Not until he finished his mission did he realize that he was seriously ill.（倒装）,1I have had great deal of trouble _. (跟得上班上的其他同学) 2_(我们没有人料到主席会出现) at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. 3. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _(正如预料的那样). 4. Most doctors recog
21、nize that medicine is as much _(是一门科学，也是一门艺术). 5. Some women _(本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sale of the family.,Exercises,keeping up with the rest of the class. 2. None of us expected the chairman to turn up3. as was expected4. an art as it is
22、a science5. could have made a good salary.,Exercises,6Over a third of the population was estimated_(无法获得) to the health service. 7. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_(习惯了学生迟到) his lecture. 8. The price of beer_(从50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season. 9. Wed like _(预订一张
23、餐桌) five for dinner this evening. 10. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_(想找麻烦).,6. to have no access 7. to students being late for 8. ranges/varies from 50 cents to 4 dollars 9. to reserve a table for 10. to make trouble,Exercises,11. It may be necessary to
24、 stop _ (每隔时间) in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons. 12. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _(伤害自己). 13. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was_(忙着准备) her examination. 14. The ships generator broke down and the pu
25、mps_(不得不用手工操作) instead of mechanically. 15. Why didnt you tell me you could lend me the money? I_ (本来不必从银行借钱的),11. at intervals 12. injure himself13. busy preparing for14. had to be operated manually 15. neednt have borrowed it from the bank.,16By the time you get to New York, I _ (已经动身去) London. 17
26、. Buying clothes_(是一件很耗时的工作), because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her. 18. Its time_(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown. 19. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon_(克服了这种心理). 20._(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how t
27、o deal with the situation.,16. shall have left for 17. is often a very time-consuming job 18. something was done/some measures were taken 19. overcame it/got over it20. It is because she is too inexperienced,参考答案: 1. keeping up with the rest of the class. 2. none of us expected the chairman to turn
28、up 3. as was expected 4. an art as it is a science 5. could have made a good salary. 6. to have no access 7. to students being late for 8. ranges/varies from 50 cents to 4 dollars 9. to reserve a table for 10. to make trouble 11. at intervals 12. injure himself 13. busy preparing for 14. had to be operated manually 15. neednt have borrowed it from the bank. 16. shall have left for 17. is often a very time-consuming job 18. some measures were taken / something was done 19. overcame it/got over it 20. It is because she is too inexperienced,Exercises,
