1、裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记 第一课 课文讲解老猴子咬菜根学习交流Lesson 1 A puma at large 逃遁的美洲狮Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulat
2、e, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw a large cat only five yards away from her. It immediately ran
3、 away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of
4、 dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of “cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was
5、 a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a da
6、ngerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. 美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物，产于美洲。be found (there be): 产于，分布eg. Penguins are found in the Antarctica. 企鹅主要分布在南极。 Antarctica nt:ktk, -:t- n.南极洲eg. Pandas are large, bear-like animal which ar
7、e found in China. 熊猫是大型的象熊一样的动物，分布在中国。When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. 当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南 45 英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。同位语从句简单记忆：(1)同位语从句与中心词是等同和等值的关系，而不是修饰与被修饰的关系。这一点与定语从句孑然不同，定语从句与其先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。(2)定语从
8、句的引导词 that/which 在句中作成分（主语或宾语） ，而同位语从句的引导词 that 为连接词，只起连接主句与从句之作用，不做任何成分。eg. I was shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday. (The news is that his father died yesterday. )能连接同位语从句的名词有：belief, information, fact, suggestion, idea, problem, doubt, order, rumor(传闻), discovery, eviden
9、ce, opinion, conclusion Practice:1. An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask for more information about the matter.2. I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie “Titanic“.eg. News has just come into the studio that over 90% of our population are watch
10、ing the Spring Festival Entertainment Show. 有消息传到演播室说： 90%以上的观众正在收看我们的春节联欢晚会。south of 在以南they人称或指示代词的替代含义要回到句子的切近部分寻找它的中心含义。take sth seriously 认真对待take sth slightly 不把 放在心上eg. Every one ought to take life seriously. 每一个人都应当认真对待生活。eg. Education is so important that we should take it seriously. 既然教育如此
11、重要，我们都应该认真对待。eg. When news came into the National Museum that an ancient bomb has been spotted 100 kilometers south of Xian, it was taken seriously. 当有消息传到国家博物馆说在西安市以南 100 公里的地方发现了一座古墓时，立刻受到了有关方面的高度重视。However, as the evidence began to accumulate,可是，随着证据越来越多，However 语篇标识词（即显示语篇发展的词语） 。引出作者真正意图，表明事实真相
12、，往往前后形成鲜明，相反的对比。 ）However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. 可是，随着证据越来越多，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查，因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。for 说明原因英语一般说来，总是把最需要表达的东
13、西放在一个句子的最前边，汉语总是先因后果；而 for 并不引导一个强因果关系，因此是处于从属地位而不是置于句首。As 不强调原因的重要性Since 既然 ，弱因果关系Because 强调直接的原因claimed to have done 动词不定时的完成时，体现它所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前eg. Till now, no organization claimed to have been responsible for this bombing. 迄今为止，没有任何一起组织声称对该起爆炸事件负责。be similar to sb. in character (have a lot in c
14、ommon) 有很多共同之处eg. The brothers are similar to each other in character. 这两位兄弟在性格上极其相似。bear a resemblance to /resemble 宛如，酷似 eg. He bears a resemblance to his father. 他酷似其父。（口语中）He looks like his father. 他象他爸。look/be like 像 take after 随 eg. He takes after his father. 他长得随他爹。含义取决于说话人的文化和受教育程度。The hunt
15、for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw a large cat only five yards away from her. 搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”，离她仅 5 码远。pick blackberries 采摘莓子pick apples 摘苹果pick mushrooms 采蘑菇pick noses 挖鼻孔pick ears 掏耳朵pick teeth 剔牙It immediately ran away when she s
16、aw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. 她刚看见它，它就立刻逃走了。专家证实，美洲狮非被逼得走投无路，是决不会伤人的。unless: if not 可改写成：If it is cornered, a puma will attack a human being.eg. A : May I have the loan ?B : _ you offer good security. A. But B . Unless C. Provided D. Bu
17、t for 选：C中国学生学英语易犯的一个小错误，是母语的思维。若选 B 则成了：If you do not offer good security, you may have the loan. （荒唐）provided = ifThe search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. 事实上搜寻工作很困难，因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮，晚上却在 20 英里外
18、的乙地发现它的踪迹。prove difficult 显然是困难的prove (to be) difficult consider sth (to be) 认为是turn out (to be) 竟然是英语从 19 世纪初，甚至更早，而逐渐成为一种世界超级语言，被强行推广，发展到今天我们的后现代社会，语言作为交际的手段而更加趋向简洁。这也是现代英语的一个发展方向。Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. 无论它走哪儿，一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物。
19、Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. 在许多地方看见爪印，灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。bush beat around the bush 拐弯抹角，旁敲侧击Several people complained of “cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. 有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼，看见那只美洲狮在树上
20、。on a fishing trip to 在去钓鱼的途中on the honey-moon trip to Paris 在去巴黎的度蜜月的途中on way to 在去的路上on business to 在去 出差的途中The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the
21、 possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. 专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮，但它是从哪儿来的呢？由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮，因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的，不知怎么设法逃出来了。reported missing 挂失must have been / done sth 作者主观的肯定判断，是事实总结、归纳的标志in the possession of 为所有（主语为物）in possession of （主语是人）in the authority of 由管辖eg. Hong ko
22、ng is in the authority of mainland. 香港受大陆管辖。in the care of 由照看in the charge of 由负责The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 搜寻工作进行了好几个星期，但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜，真令人担
23、心。wild 野生的- tame 驯服的wild cat /animal 大型的猫科动物/野生动物stray dogs 无家可归的野狗，迷失方向的狗domestic animals 家里豢养的动物domestic violence 家庭暴力domestic market 国内市场成语 1. Only when you experience the pain of pain, can you enjoy the happiness of happiness. 吃得苦中苦，方位人上人。2. Go with what you are. 勇往直前。say to do something 表示 “让某人做某事”eg. She says to meet him at the station. 她说要在火车站去见他。on doing sth 一 就
