1、1一、 内科常用字汇心血管系统 The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) 急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram (DCG) 心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静
2、脉曲张血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia 白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia 贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia 败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion 输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale
3、 呼吸Apnea 窒息Tachypnea 呼吸急促Pneumonia 肺炎Bronchitis 支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive SystemShort of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia 说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia 失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis 腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gas
4、troenteritis 胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia 胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer 结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门廔管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄Hepatitis 肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall S
5、tone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites 腹水内分泌系统 The Endocrine SystemGlycemia 糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus 尿崩症Bromidrosis 汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous SystemCerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血2Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy 脑性麻痹Ce
6、rebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis 神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis 痀偻症Rachioscoliiosis 脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening 睁眼反应Verbal r
7、esponse 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica 坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinsons Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡brain Anoxia 脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis
8、 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion 转移性损害Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus 大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia 软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统
9、The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision 包皮环割术Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis 肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis 精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria 血尿Uremia 尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿
10、路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis 耳炎Otorrhea 耳漏Tympanitis 中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis 鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 鼻咽癌Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼3Extraocular
11、 Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria 瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis 皮肤炎Cataract 白内障Glaucoma 青光眼综合性字汇Contraceptive 避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyper
12、emesis 剧吐Polydipsia 剧渴Homosexual 同性的 Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形 Malaise 不适Necrosis 坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hyd
13、rotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion 叩诊Visceralgia 脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia 经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea 经痛Menarche 初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion 子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis 子宫颈炎Perineum 会阴Endometriosis 子宫内膜异位Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation 排卵Vag
14、initis 阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele 乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房 X 光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精
15、Engagement 进入产位Estrogen 动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病4Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previ
16、a 前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage 产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence 青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain 阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding 胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papani
17、colaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone 黄体素Stillbrith 死产Suture 缝合Stump 残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea 呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia 再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma 支气管性气喘Bronchitis 支气管炎Cephalopematoma 头血肿Erythema 红斑Hypospadia 尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水Hyd
18、rocephalus 水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia 多指畸形Pyoderma 脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis 扁桃腺炎Encephalitis 脑炎Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant 恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia 新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea 腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticari
19、a 蕈麻疹Torticollis 斜颈Vaccine 疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘Club foot 畸足Diphtheria 白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema 湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/ Rubella 德国麻疹Giant baby 巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B 型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest 呼
20、吸停止Roseola infantum 幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting 呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism 自闭症5dement 痴呆症alzheimers dementia 阿尔茲海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia 精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder 重郁症疾患phobia 畏惧
21、症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 强迫性病患pedophilia 恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism 扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa 心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa 心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy 冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria 欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence 感情矛盾Flat Affect 感情平淡suicide a
22、ttempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic 不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism 阻抗行动Mannerism 作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念
23、飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉audi
24、tory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia 记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight 病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲sc
25、apegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识6unconscious 潜意识preconscious 前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis 神经精神病Psychosis 神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转
26、compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing
27、 抵销作用distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy 认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance 阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness 自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice disch
28、arge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin /globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上 B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral 两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大BTI bil
29、iary tract infection 胆道感染BUS blood, urine, stool 血液, 小便,大便BW body weight 体重 C. Ca. Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusi
30、tis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞7CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压 D.DC discontinue 停止D go to sleep小睡 take a nap ; take a doze ; slumber ; doze ; drowse欲睡的 sleepy ; drowsy ; somolent ; letha
31、rgic睡意 sleepiness ; drowsiness ; somnolence摧睡 become(= feel =get) sleepy(=drowsy = somnolent) 睡眠不足 loss(= lack = want) of sleep失眠 insomnia ; sleeplessness ; wakefulness ; inability to sleep失眠症的人 insomniac熟睡 sound (profound) sleep睡醒 awake ; wake ; rouse ; awaken作梦 dream恶梦 nightmare梦游症 sleepwalking ;
32、somnambulism梦游病者 sleep-walker ; somnambulist ; night-walker13体重方面(weight ; body weight)体重为 weigh ; be in weight 最高 maximum最低 minimum平均 average最适 optimum现在 present体重减少 weight loss ; loss of weight体重增加 weight gain ; gain in weight ; increase in weight瘦 thin ; lean ; skinny瘦弱 emaciated (emaciation)肥胖 f
33、at ; stout ; fatty体温状况(body temperature量体温 take ones temperature发烧 fever ; pyrexia ; rise (elevation) of temperature ; increase in temperature发烧的 feverish ; febrile ; fevered ; pyrexic ; pyrexial无发烧的 afebrile ; feverless ; apyrexial 发冷 a chill ; rigor ; have a cold fit 寒颤 shiver ; shake ; shaking ch
34、ills ; shivering with chills退热 fall ; drop ; go down ; abate ; remit发汗 sweating ; perspiration弛张热 remittent fever间歇热 intermittent fever连续热 continuous fever危险期 by crisis转轻期 by lysis疼痛方面偏头痛 migraine ; megrim ; hemicrania ; 後头部痛 occipital pain侧头部痛 temporal pain 前头部痛 frontal pain头痛 have(suffer) a headac
35、he ; ones head aches ; feel a pain in the head耳痛 earache ; sore ears ; toalgia咽喉痛 sore throat ; pharyngalgia眼痛 have painful eyes ; ones eyes hurt(smart)齿痛 toothache胸痛 chest pain心前部痛 precordial pain心绞痛 anginal pain胸股下後痛 substernal (retrosternal) pain胸膜炎痛 pleuritic pain腹痛 abdominal pain ; belly(stomac
36、h) ache上腹痛 epigastric pain ; pain in the epigastrium上腹部痛 upper abdominal pain下腹部痛 lower abdominal pain左上腹部痛 left upper quadrant pain侧腹部痛 flank pain背痛 backache腰痛 low backache ; lumbago关节痛 joint pain肌肉痛 muscular pain 神经痛 neuralgia绞痛 colic ; colicky pain胆石绞痛 biliary or gallstone colic肾石痛 renal colic痛 c
37、ramps ; crampy (cramping) pain; spasmodic博动痛 throbbing(pounding, thumping, pulsating) pain转移性痛 radiating pain ; pain with radiation牵连痛 referred pain电击痛 lightning (fulgurant, shooting) pain带状痛 girdle pain神经根性痛 root pain空腹痛 hunger pain夜间痛 nocturnal pain自发痛 spontaneous pain压痛 tenderness 固定痛 fixed (stea
38、dy) pain灼热痛 burning pain刺状痛 lancinating ; piercing ; 14stinging ; darting; stabbing分裂状头痛 splitting ; racking撕裂状痛 tearing ; rending ; 钝痛 dull ; obtuse ; 剧烈痛 sharp ; excruciating ; tormenting ; torturing ; racking ; agonizingly severe不断阵痛 gnawing ; griping擦伤痛 stinging ; smarting ; sore针刺痛 pricking ; p
39、ricking呼吸器管和循环器管系统呼吸 breath ; respiration呼吸困难 difficulty in breathing ; dyspnea呼吸短促 be short of breath ; shortness of breath ;be short-winded; be out of breath ; lose ones breath深呼吸 breathe deeply叹息 sigh ; draw a long breath喘息 pant端坐呼吸 orthopnea劳动时呼吸困难 exertional dyspnea ; difficulty in breathing on
40、 exertion( physical activity)夜间呼吸困难 nocturnal dyspnea呼吸快速 tachypnea ; rapid breathing喘呜 wheeze ; wheezing打喷嚏 sneezing ; sneeze打嗝 hiccup (hiccough) ; singultus咳嗽 cough阵发性咳嗽 have a fit of coughing ; have a paroxysmal清喉 clear the throat乾咳 dry cough ; hacking couth ; nonproductive cough有痰咳 productive co
41、ugh ; cough with sputum喀痰 sputum ; phlegm ; expectorate喀血 hemoptysis ; bloody expectoration粘喀痰 viscid (tenaceous ; thick ) sputum浓喀痰 frothy sputum泡沫状喀痰 mucoid sputum脓性喀痰 purulent sputum血性喀痰 bloody sputum 混血喀痰 blood-streaked sputum绿色喀痰 greenish sputum锈色喀痰 rusty sputum感冒 common cold流形性感冒 influenze ; f
42、lu ; grippe上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory infection (U.R.I.)胸膜炎 pleruisy气喘 asthma心悸 palpitation悸动 palpitate ; throb脉搏暂停 pause in the pulse ; skipped pulse (heart beat)速脉 rapid pulse ; tachycardia徐脉 slow pulse ; bradycardia高血压 high blood pressure ; hypertension ; hypotension心脏麻痹 heart attack ; heart failur
43、e ; cardiac standstill狭心症 angina (=angina pectoris)心脏瓣膜症 valvular disease of the heart ; leaking heart valve (leaky heart)动脉硬化 hardening of the arteries ; arterioscalerosis血液循环不佳 have a poor circulation of blood间歇性跛行 intermittent claudication消化器官系统食欲不振 a poor (weak or bad) appetite ; no little appet
44、ite ; loss (lack or decrease) of appetite ; anorexia食欲增进 increase (improvement) of appetite无食欲 have no (little ; a poor) appetite食欲旺盛 have a strong (voracious) appetite丧失食欲 lose ones apptite空腹 an empty stomach15咀嚼 chewing ; mastication吞咽 swallow gulp吞咽困难 difficulty in swallowing ; dysphagia嗳气 打噎 bel
45、ching ; eructation打酸噎 sour eructation心灼热 heatburn ; pyrosis ; water brash 逆流 regugitation恶心 nausea ; retch ; heaving ; nauseous feeling ; sickly feeling感到恶 feel nausea (nauseous, nauseated, sick,queasy) ; retch ; heave ; feel like vomiting呕吐 vomiting ; emesis ; vomit ; throw up ; bring up ; spew呕吐物
46、vomit ; vomitus; vomited matter咖啡渣 coffee-grounds消化 digestion消化不良 indigestion ; dyspepsia腹部饱胀 abdominal distention ; bloating ; flautulence; meteorism; gassiness腹鸣 borborygmus ; gurgling ; growling ; rumbling 黄疸 jaundice ; icterus腹水 ascites通便 bowel movement ; bowel habit ; pass stools ; move ones bo
47、wels ; defecate ; evacuate the bowels ;下痢 diarrhea ; loose bowels ; 便秘 constipation水状 watery stool (feces)血状 bloody stool 柏油状 tarry stool泥状 mushy stool软状 loose stool硬状 hard stool呈固状 formed stool呈半固状 semiformed stool 大便失禁 fecal incontinence放屁 pass gas ; pass wind ; pass flatus泌尿与生殖器官系统排尿 urination ;
48、micturition ; pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturate尿意 urge (desire ) to urinate尿急 urinary urgency频尿 urinary frequency夜间频尿 frequent urination during the night ; nycturia多尿 polyuria少尿 oliguria无尿 anuria排尿困难 difficulty in urination ; dysuria闭尿 urinary retention尿失禁 urinary incontinence夜间多尿 nocutria夜尿症 b
49、ed-wetting ; enuresis混浊尿 cloudy (turbid) urine血尿 bloody urine ; hematuria性欲 sexual desire ; libido性交 sexual intercourse ; coitus ; coition杨萎 impotence勃起 erection射精 ejaculation早泄 premature ejaculation遗精 pollution梦遗 nocturnal pollution(emission); wet dream包茎 phimosis ; tightening of the foreskin (prepuce)割礼 circumcision性病 veneral disease (V.D.)月经 menstruation ; menses ; periods ; menstrual periods初潮 menarche ; onset of menses停经 menopause更年期 climacteric ; changeof life痛经 dysmenorrhea ; painful menstruation无月经 amenorrhea ; missed periods月经过多 menrrhagia ; hypermenorrhea ; excessive bleed
