1、Unit 4,Listening and Note-Taking,This table shows the number of commuters into central London between 7:00 a.m. and 10:00 a.m. daily. The total number is 1,396,000. Of these, 405,000 travel by underground thats 29% of the total, and 28% travel by British Rail thats 391,000 people daily. 13%, 181,000
2、 people, use both rail and underground, and 9%, 126,000 people, travel by bus. That means a total of 1,103,000 people, 79%, on public transport. The remainder use private transport, 237,000 come by car and the rest come either by motorbike or bicycle. This means 4% come by motorbike or bicycle ,and
3、17% by car.,Phoning about the Flat,Woman: Hello, 224 8818.Man: Hello, Im phoning about the flat. Woman: Of course. What would you like to know? Man: Well, first, can you tell me where it is, please? Is it near some shops, and the tube?Woman: Well, the flat is in Islington, Were only 100 metres from
4、the shops and a five minutes walk from the tube.Man: And how much does it cost?Woman: Three hundred and sixty pounds a month. And you have to pay a months depositdipzit.,Man: I see, and is it a big flat? How many square metres is it? Woman: Oh, I dont know. There are two bedrooms and a very large li
5、ving room. Would you like to see it?Man: Yes, when can I come, please?Woman: Uhm. Can you come this afternoon? About four? Its No. 2, Canburykn,bri Road.Man: Yes, thats fine, Ill see you then. Goodbye.,The Magnificent Town Residence,John: Hi, darling. Sally: Hello, John. Well, did you see the magnif
6、icent town residence?John: Yes.Sally: So whats it like?John: Well, first of all its four miles out of the town centre.Sally: Oh, no!John: And its not all that big. Three bedrooms: one quite big, one smallish, and one that would be OK for the cat. The luxury bathroom doesnt have a shower, and the dow
7、nstairs cloakroom is at the end of the garden - at the end of the jungle, I should say. The sitting and dining room are both pretty small.,Sally: What about the kitchen? Is it big enough to have breakfast in?John: Oh, yes. Easily, if you sit on the fridge and put your feet out of the window theres p
8、lenty of room.Sally: The garage ?John: Fine for a bicycle. A bicycle, mind. Not two bicycles. And theres oil-fired central heating , which doesnt work. And the walls and roof are in a very bad state. Apart from that, its fine.Sally: Oh, good. Lets buy it at once!,count up tounlockstick a stamp,Hide-
9、and-Seek,My neighbors children love playing hide-and-seek as all children do, but no one expected that a game they played last week would be reported in the local newspaper. One afternoon, they were playing in the street just outside the post office. Young Ian ,who is only five years old, found the
10、perfect place to hide. His sister Janet, had shut her eyes and was counting up to ten when Ian noticed that the small metal door of the letter box had been left open. The postman had just taken all the letters out and had gone into the post office to see if there were any parcels. Ian climbed into t
11、he letter box and pulled the door from the inside so hard that it locked. Soon realizing what he had done, he become very frightened and started crying. Meanwhile, Janet was looking for him everywhere but could not find him. It was lucky she happened to stop outside the letter box and heard her brot
12、hers cries. She immediately ran to tell the postman who hurried out to unlock the metal door. Ian was now free, but he had such a bad fright that he could not stop crying. The postman, however, soon found a way of making him laugh again. He told him that that next time he wanted to hide in a letter
13、box, he should remember to stamp on himself!,Kurd k:d 库尔德人Iran 伊朗 , Iraq, Syria 叙利亚 and Turkey 土耳其Iraqiira:ki n. 伊拉克人 adj. 伊拉克的；伊拉克人的Turkisht:ki土耳其人的,News Item1,French officials in the town of Frejus are questioning more than 900 Kurdsk:d. The Iraqiira:ki Kurds were rescued after their ship hit the
14、southern French coast and sank .The government expects the Kurds to seek asylumsailm. However a government official warns that those who fail to defend their asylum requests will be expelledikspel. Some French political leaders want all the Kurds sent back to Iraq immediately. They say this will sen
15、d a massage to other who are considering such a trip. French border police says a Turkisht:ki and Iraqi criminal group is responsible. Officials are still searching for the ships commander and crew members. They reportedly fled after the ship struck land.,News Item1,French officials in the town of F
16、rejus are questioning more than 900 Kurdsk:d. The Iraqiira:ki Kurds were rescued after their ship hit the southern French coast and sank .The government expects the Kurds to seek asylumsailm. However a government official warns that those who fail to defend their asylum requests will be expellediksp
17、el. Some French political leaders want all the Kurds sent back to Iraq immediately. They say this will send a massage to other who are considering such a trip. French border police says a Turkisht:ki and Iraqi criminal group is responsible. Officials are still searching for the ships commander and c
18、rew members. They reportedly fled after the ship struck land.,ColombianklmbincontractorskntrktDefense MinisterRevolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia,News Item2,Colombianklmbin officials say they have rescued 15 hostage held by leftist rebels, including a former presidential candidate Ingridigrid Bet
19、ancourt and three U.S. defense contractorskntrkt. Colombias Defense Minister Juanhw:n Manuelmnjul Santossa:ntu:s said the hostages were in good condition following the operation in the southeastern department of Guaviare.Santos said the rescue involved intelligence officials who had infiltratedinfil
20、treit the rebel unit in charge of the hostages. He said the rescue operation was launched when the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia were planning to transport the hostages by helicopter.Betancourt was seized in 2002, while she was campaigning in rural Colombia. Betancourt and the three America
21、ns were among some 40 high-profile hostages the rebels were holding in an effort to negotiate a prisoner exchange with Colombias government.,News Item2,Colombianklmbin officials say they have rescued 15 hostage held by leftist rebels, including a former presidential candidate Ingridigrid Betancourt
22、and three U.S. defense contractorskntrkt. Colombias Defense Minister Juanhw:n Manuelmnjul Santossa:ntu:s said the hostages were in good condition following the operation in the southeastern department of Guaviare.Santos said the rescue involved intelligence officials who had infiltratedinfiltreit th
23、e rebel unit in charge of the hostages. He said the rescue operation was launched when the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia were planning to transport the hostages by helicopter.Betancourt was seized in 2002, while she was campaigning in rural Colombia. Betancourt and the three Americans were
24、among some 40 high-profile hostages the rebels were holding in an effort to negotiate a prisoner exchange with Colombias government.,Kosovok:svuSerbias:biEuropean UnionSerb s:bSerbian,News Item3,Kosovok:svu is expected to declare its independence for Serbias:bi in the coming days, possibly on Sunday
25、.Serbias newly re-elected President Borisbris Tadic says he will never give up his fight for Kosovo, but will also fight for Serbia to join the European Union.He said Friday that Serbia would reduce diplomatic relations, but not cut ties, with countries that recognize an independent Kosovo.Kosovos l
26、eader, Hashim Thaci, is calling on displaced Serbss:b living outside Kosovo to return.Serbia has offered self-rule for Kosovo, which it considers an important part of its history and territory. Yet Serbia has not controlled the southern province since 1999.,News Item3,Kosovok:svu is expected to decl
27、are its independence for Serbias:bi in the coming days, possibly on Sunday.Serbias newly re-elected President Borisbris Tadic says he will never give up his fight for Kosovo, but will also fight for Serbia to join the European Union.He said Friday that Serbia would reduce diplomatic relations, but n
28、ot cut ties, with countries that recognize an independent Kosovo.Kosovos leader, Hashim Thaci, is calling on displaced Serbss:b living outside Kosovo to return.Serbia has offered self-rule for Kosovo, which it considers an important part of its history and territory. Yet Serbia has not controlled th
29、e southern province since 1999.,reception securityporterleft-luggage officeregulation,Q and A,Woman: Hello.Man: Hello. I winder if you could help me? Would you mind if I left my bags here just for one minute? I have to make a phone call. Woman: No. Im sorry, sir. Its not allowed. Man: Its only for a
30、 short time.Woman: Its against regulations. No baggage can be left in reception for security reasons.,Man: Is there anywhere I can leave them?Woman: Ill get a porter to take them to the left-luggage office.Man: Wheres that?Woman: Its next to the dining room.Man: No, dont bother. It doesnt matter.Wom
31、an: Pardon?Man: I said dont worry. Its OK.,Retelling,About 11:00 a.m., a strange-looking man entered the City Savings Bank. Rosa noticed him right away. He looked very massy. There were paint marks on his pants and jacket. He carried a large shopping bag with him. He walked around the bank and looke
32、d at all the walls. Rosa watched him very carefully. He walked over to a table. He reached into his bag. Rosa expected him to pull out a gun. She touched the emergency alarm button, but she didnt push it. Then the man pulled something out of his bag. It wasnt a gun. It was a paintbrush. A few minute
33、s later, the vice-president of the bank introduced Rosa to the man. He was a painter. At noon he start his work, and he painted all the walls in the bank. He finished his work the next day .Rosa said to Jerry, Robbers never come into our bank. Its very dull here.,City Savings Bankmessy= untidypantse
34、mergency alarm buttonpaintbrushrobber,Retelling,About 11:00 a.m., a strange-looking man entered the City Savings Bank. Rosa noticed him right away. He looked very massy. There were paint marks on his pants and jacket. He carried a large shopping bag with him. He walked around the bank and looked at
35、all the walls. Rosa watched him very carefully. He walked over to a table. He reached into his bag. Rosa expected him to pull out a gun. She touched the emergency alarm button, but she didnt push it. Then the man pulled something out of his bag. It wasnt a gun. It was a paintbrush. A few minutes lat
36、er, the vice-president of the bank introduced Rosa to the man. He was a painter. At noon he start his work, and he painted all the walls in the bank. He finished his work the next day .Rosa said to Jerry, Robbers never come into our bank. Its very dull here.,Passage 1,This year I decided to do somet
37、hing to regain my reputation as a kindly uncle. My nephew, Tony, had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year. His parents had no reason to be grateful to me either, because the year before, I had presented their dear son with a pot of paste and some funn
38、y pictures. Instead of sticking them into a book, Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them. This year, therefore, I decided to let him choose for himself .We went into a big toy shop but Tony was highly critical of everything he saw. In vain did I show him toy after toy; he was n
39、ot to be tempted. Then I saw his eyes light up: he had discovered something he really did approve of: a large tin drum. I was quite pleased, too, until I thought what Tonys mother would say when she saw it. Nobody would get any sleep for weeks. I led Tony away quickly, saying that the drum was too e
40、xpensive. If that was how I felt, Tony replied jokingly, then I could buy him the big model railway in the shop window. Now that was really expensive , so I quickly changed the subject.,Passage 1,Tony asked for permission to go off on his own and I made the most of my opportunity to sit down and res
41、t my aching feet. Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony. I began to get worried and got up to look for him, I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit. She looked about her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many little boys in grey suits. I was
42、just beginning to despair, when I saw a strange figure dressed in peculiar purple clothes. The figure was wearing a false beard and a cave mans axe in one hand, and a space gun in the other. It was, of course, Tony, who informed me at once that he was the first cave man to fly into space .,Passage 2
43、,The Unite States Environmental Protection Agency observes its 30th anniversary this month. This federal agency was established in 1970 to protect the nations environment from pollution. It has fought pollution of the air, water and atmosphere.After 30 years ,the EPA can point to progress against a
44、number of environmental threats. For example, it has set new requirements for chemical factories. It has taken action to prevent rain from being polluted by chemicals. And, it has almost completely removed lead from the air.In addition, half of the nations worst waste areas have been cleaned up. New
45、 homes have been built to resist radon gas, found to be a leading cause of cancer. And the cars of today produce 75 percent less pollution than the cars of 1970.,Passage 2,The EPA has dealt with a number of crises .For example, in 1989,the ship Exxon Valdez leaked oil into Prince William Sound in th
46、e state of Alaska. More than 41,000,000 liters of crude oil poured into the water. The Exxon Oil Company was ordered to pay 1,000,000,000 dollar. That was the largest criminal environmental damage settlement in history.During its 30 years, the EPA has won praise for its work. But not everyone approv
47、es of the agency. Companies forced to make costly changes sometimes oppose the agency. They say EPA requirements threaten their profits and the economy in general. Some companies say they have to dismiss workers to pay for required changes.,Oral Work,Jeremy Taylor has had his market garden for 18 mo
48、nths now, growing fruit and vegetables for local consumption.He thought starting a business would be complicated, but in fact he found it was quite straightforward. He was given good advice by his bank manager, Start small, consolidate and expand gradually.Theres been an increased demand for really fresh vegetables, and his produce is picked, packed and sold within 24 hours. He is most proud of his early potatoes and juicy raspberries.He says, Ive always loved gardening, and the thought of making a living out of a hobby is wonderful.,
