1、 续写素材整理 1What is a climax of a story?（ 什 么 是 故 事 高 潮 ?）More tension=satisfying climax文 学 故 事 中 的 高 潮 （ climax） -故 事 的 主 要 场 景 （ key scene） 也 通 常 是 故 事 的 转 折 点 （ turning point） ， 是 指 故 事 达 到 最 紧 张 或 扣 人 心 弦 的 那 一 部 分 。 高 潮 有 时 候 是 剧 情 中 的 “危 机 “ 点 。 有 时 候 , 它 只 是 达 到 关 键 时 刻 或 者 转 折 点 , 发 生 了 一 些 事 情
2、 , 或 者 主 角 必 须 做 出 决 定 , 从 而 导 致 一 个 结 果 或 其他 。 我 们 在 分 析 叙 事 类 故 事 或 者 小 说 故 事 的 时 候 常 常 用 下 面 的 图 表 来 表 示 故 事 情 节 。常 见 故 事 高 潮 示 例 ：1. A little girl has been searching for her lost dog. All of a sudden, she hears a bark coming from around the corner, and she looks around to see . . .2. Kevin has w
3、orked very hard to try out for the soccer team at school. The coach has posted a list of this years team members on his office door. Kevin walks forward to look at the list . . . .3. Marys parents have been discussing whether or not to move to another state. They call Mary and her sister down to tal
4、k with them about their decision . . .4. Lois has performed in the state gymnastics finals. She waits anxiously to hear the names of the winners. The announcer says, “And first place goes to . . .“文 学 名 著 中 的 一 些 故 事 高 潮1. The deaths of Romeo (who kills himself because he thinks Juliet is dead) and
5、Juliet (who kills herself when she awakes and sees Romeo dead). Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare （ 罗 密 欧 和 朱 丽 叶 ， 莎 士 比 亚 ）2. When Gaston and the townspeople come to attack the beast, and Belle admits her love for the beast. Beauty and the Beast, Disney （ 美 女 与 野 兽 ， 迪 士 尼 ）3. In “The Three Little Pig
6、s,“ suspense builds up until the confrontation between the third pig and the wolf. This confrontation is the climax.（ 三 只 小 猪 ）How to create a climax of a story? (如 何 营 造 故 事 的 高 潮 ？ )方 法 1.增 加 外 部 冲 突增 加 外 部 冲 突 是 一 种 明 显 有 效 的 可 以 达 到 故 事 高 潮 的 方 式 。 冲 突 带 来 紧 迫 感 , 将 故 事 推 向 必 要 的 解决 或 崩 溃 。1） 角
7、色 之 间 的 冲 突 (人 物 观 点 差 异 , 竞 争 需 要 等 )如 ： 2017 年 11 月 浙 江 英 语 高 考 ： On the fourth or fifth night, we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time, Mom suddenly got a great idea: Why didnt we find a house 续写素材整理 2with a likely-looking backyard and ask if we could se
8、t up tent there? David and I became nervous. 开 车找 旅 馆 -徒 劳 无 功 -母 亲 建 议 搭 帐 篷 在 他 人 后 院 -David 和 我 倍 感 紧 张 ， 心 有 不 悦 （ 母 子 的 观 点 不一 ）2) 角 色 与 环 境 之 间 的 冲 突如 ： 2017 年 6 月 浙 江 英 语 高 考 ： Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. he saw instantly that it wasnt a dog at all, but a wolf: quickly
9、 catching up with him. Macs heart jumped. , he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Macs relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, . Then it , tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back Mac 骑 车 独 自
10、行 ， 路 遇 饿 狼 ， 与 之 搏 斗 ， 险 象 环 生 。 （ 人 （ 角 色 ） -狼 （ 环 境 ） 大 战 ）3) 时 间 依 赖 的 发 展 ： 决 策 变 得 紧 急如 ： 2017 年 6 月 浙 江 英 语 高 考 ： The car abruptly stopped in front of him. “Get into the car.“ Paul shouted at Mac. Mac jumped off the bike and slid into the car without delay as the wolf was just two steps away
11、and was about to tear Mac into pieces. What a narrow escape! 骑 车 突 停 面 前 -急 喊 上 车 -Max 上 车 避 险 -饿 狼 近 在 咫 尺 （ 此 情 此 景 ， 刻 不 容 缓 ）4) 增 加 的 障 碍 ： 人 物 角 色 必 须 克 服 挑 战 , 以 达 到 他 们 的 目 标例 如 ： 2018 年 6 月 高 考 But before we jumped off the horses, we found that we had been off the beaten track and got lost.
12、We had no idea where we were and it got dark. Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we could find our way back. 小 兔 突 现 -马 儿 受 惊 -草 原 迷 路 （ 障 碍 1） -天 色 渐 黑 （ 障 碍 2） -又 累 又 饿 （ 障 碍 3） -心 理 恐 慌 （ 障 碍 4）方 法 2. 放 大 内 心 冲 突放 大 内 心 冲 突 （ 你 的 角 色 的 内 心 斗 争 ） 也 有 助 于 建 立 一 个 高 度 紧 张 和 不 确 定 的 时 刻 。现 在 我 们 在 来
13、 看 高 考 读 后 续 写 中 的 内 心 冲 突 是 如 何 体 现 的 ：2016 年 10 月 浙 江 高 考 ： Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. Jane, exhausted and scared, lay down near a stone, missing her family at a distance. All the fantastic memory crowded in and she couldnt help crying, “Hadnt I quarrelled with Tom, walked
14、 away and climbed to the high place, I wouldnt be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of dying.” She regretted with endless anxiety, and then became asleep with shining tears in her eyes.夫 妇 争 吵 -独 自 行 走 -荒 野 走 散 -夜 色 渐 黑 -独 处 森 林 -阴 森 恐 怖 -后 悔 莫 及 （ 内 心 冲 突 的 刻 画 ）内 心 独 白 （ 往 昔
15、对 比 +虚 拟 语 气 使 用 +旁 边 描 写 是 常 见 技 巧 之 一 ）方 法 3. 使 用 环 境 描 写 增 加 不 确 定 性充 分 利 用 环 境 描 写 可 以 起 到 烘 托 故 事 高 潮 的 作 用 ， 具 体 方 法 可 以 看 上 期 读 后 续 写 微 技 能 。 当 故 事 角色 在 碰 到 困 难 时 候 ， 我 们 往 往 要 加 大 笔 墨 来 描 写 故 事 环 境 的 黑 暗 ， 恐 怖 和 不 祥 。 强 化 环 境 描 写 增 强 了高 潮 元 素 。 我 们 感 受 到 了 紧 张 的 倍 增 。例 1： Immediately, an abs
16、olute darkness ruled the forest(黑 暗 ). Even worse, the temperature suddenly dropped dramatically. (寒 冷 ） 例 2： It didnt take long for the forest to be enveloped in darkness（ 黑 暗 ） . Her rasping breath steamed（ 寒 冷 ） in the moonlight and her throat was parched from thirst.如 何 通 过 场 景 营 造 （ mood）Techni
17、que 1: Personification (拟 人 )Description/purpose:Gives an object the characteristics of a living thing, bringing it to lifeExamples：续写素材整理 3The flowers nodded.Snowflakes danced.Thunder grumbled.Fog crept in.The wind howled.The haunted house seemed to stare at me, beckoning me towards the door.Techni
18、que 2: simile (明 喻 )Description/purpose:Similes likens something to something else giving a more detailed descriptionExamples：The night sky was as dark as the deepest ocean.The stars sparkled like diamonds.The snake moved like a ripple on a pond.Technique 3: metaphor (暗 喻 )Description/purpose:Metaph
19、ors say that something is something else, giving the description more powerExamples：A wave of terror washed over him.Technique 4:Vivid adjectives (生 动 的 形 容 词 )Description/purpose:To make the story more interesting and vivid by using more imaginative descriptions, sometimes in a listExamples：Gleamin
20、g, glistening, whispery flakes of snowTechnique 5: Negative description (否 定 描 述 )Description/purpose:To tell the reader what is not there is an effective way of showing how unpleasant, comfortless a place isExamples：There was no cushion, no carpet, no warmth, no light and no comfort.Technique 6: Ca
21、mera-pan and zoom (摄 影 -全 景 +放 大 )Description/purpose:To use the idea of how a film director works, you can give a wider view then focus in on one detailExamples：From the withering trees he looked past the littered farmyard, across to the decrepit hovel. Its doors hung sadly awry, the handle broken.
22、Technique 7: Nouns for details (细 节 名 词 )Description/purpose:Scenes are filled with things that we see and therefore uses lots of nouns, even lists of nouns to convey what is there.Examples：The rooms were crowded with lanterns fastened on oak paneled walls, tables laid with silver candlesticks and g
23、oblets.Technique 8: Senses（ 感 官 ）Description/purpose:续写素材整理 4All of our senses become aware in a new situation or place. Your reader needs to know how your character are feeling.Examples：Wafts of salt-laden air were in her nostrils as the skittery sand on her feet led her to the edge of the waves.Go
24、od setting description for appreciation (佳 “景 ”赏 析 )1. The house smelled musty and damp, and a little sweet, as if it were haunted by the ghosts of long-dead cookies. 2. The sun kept dipping down into the ocean and the lights came on at the harbor, casting sudden shadows on the ground, illuminating
25、the faces that were just a second ago silhouettes. The sky was golden and purple, the ocean a darker shade of violet. 3. The sun had set, but a faint pastel haze lingered in the mid-summer sky.4. They rolled up the path, tree branches raking the windshield like angry wardens.5. Outside, the air fill
26、ed with cricket noise, as the sun reddened in its descent.6. A restaurant overlooking a starlit night sprang to my imagination like something out of an illuminated manuscript from the late Middle Ages.7. The moon went slowly down in loveliness; she departed into the depth of the horizon, and long ve
27、il-like shadows crept up the sky through which the stars appeared. 8. All brightness was gone, leaving nothing. We stepped out of the tent onto nothing. Sledge and tent were there, Estraven stood beside me, but neither he nor I cast any shadow. There was dull light all around, everywhere. When we wa
28、lked on the crisp snow no shadow showed the footprint. We left no track. Sledge, tent, himself, myself: nothing else at all. No sun, no sky, no horizon, no world.9. Night had fallen fast upon the land. No more than an hour ago the sky was painted with hues of red, orange and pink, but all colour had
29、 faded leaving only a matt black canvas with no stars to be looked upon. 10It would be a cold moonless night. The sky was dark and low, the air so chilled it hurt to breathe. Already the ground was laid white with frost and any water that had been liquid under the winter sun had become ice.如 何 写 好 读
30、 后 续 写 的 开 头1. An adverbCarefully, he stepped over all the broken glass.Joyfully he skipped up the street.Para 1： (201610 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录)Para1 ：But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. （时间副词衔接+环境描写）2. An adj. phrase Curious to know
31、 what was inside, he tiptoed into the dark cave.Unable to say a word, he was rooted to the spot.(201610 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录 )Para 1: But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Desperate and hopeless, Jane knelt down, tears streaming down her face. （并列情绪形容词）(201610 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录 )Para 2: It
32、was daybreak when Jane woke up. Weak as she was, she struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. （状态形容词+as/though 引导的倒装句）(201806 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录 )Para 1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Afraid that I might hurt the lovely small creature, I automatically let out
33、 a cry to stop my horse. (情绪形容词+从句)(201806 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录 )Para 2: We had no idea where we were and it got dark. Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we could find our way back. 3. A participle (-ing or ed word)续写素材整理 5Looking around him cautiously, he slipped into the room and softly closed the door.E
34、xhausted, he was glad the race was finally over.(201610 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录 ) Para1: But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again. Feeling disappointed, Jane had to stay alone for another night. （现在分词+情绪形容词）(201610 浙江高考读后续写范文摘录 ) Para 2: It was daybreak when Jane woke up. Feeling refreshed, s
35、he continued to walk along the stream to find the way out.（现在分词+状态形容词）4. A conjunctionAs he walked, he whistledAlthough he was afraid, he jumped right in.5. A prepositional phraseAt the end of the lane he suddenly stopped.At the sight of the snake, the little girl screamed at the top of her voice.6.
36、 A dialogue or a monologue“Lets see who gets there first!” Rachel shouted, as she pedaled fast and zoomed past Jenny.“Hold on tight!” My father yelled. We just finished bucking in as the coaster jerked into motion. This was my first roller coaster ride.(201706 浙 江 高 考 读 后 续 写 范 文 摘 录 )Para 1: The ca
37、r abruptly stopped in front of him. “Get into the car.“ Paul shouted at Mac. 7. A character Mark is a studious boy who loves reading. His classmates often tease him for being too hardworking and they call him Mr. Smart. One afternoon, while studying at home8. An emotionThe moment she saw how she did
38、 for her Science test, tears started welling up in Tinas eyes and falling down her cheeks.9. A settingI closed my eyes to enjoy the gentle breeze and the sounds of the clashing waves. Gently opening my eyes, I saw my parents taking a relaxing stroll along the beach.The cave was dark and everything w
39、as silent. I couldnt even see my hand in front of my face. I knew this adventure was going to be something that I would never forget.(201711 浙 江 高 考 读 后 续 写 范 文 摘 录 )Para 2: We drove through several states and saw lots of great sights along the way. I looked out of the car window, winding rivers, lo
40、fty mountains, sunny beaches and deep valleys holding me entirely in their fascination. （ 视 觉 +环 境 描 写 +拟 人 ）10. An actionFurry started wagging his tail and running around in circles when he saw his master taking a leash out from the drawer. Furry was all ready for his evening walk.(201711 浙 江 高 考 读
41、 后 续 写 范 文 摘 录 )Para 1: The next day we remembered the brand-new tent we had brought with us. Dad exchanged a glance with me. Why not camp to satisfy Mom? （ 动 作 描 写 +问 句衔 接 ）11. Sound effectsBOOM, CRASH! The wind was howling outside of my house. We were having a terrible thunder storm. I was very sc
42、ared.12. A questionHave you ever been on a self-driving trip? Let me tell you an exciting trip my family took this summer.续写素材整理 6Why does trouble always follow me around? Do I have a “kick me“ sign on my back or something?其他神态动作描写:David excitedly narrated our experience, eyes blazing with enthusiasm. Worries came to his forehead when he explained the trouble. A smile lifted the corner of his mouth when it came to camping.
