1、Unit 2 Nuclear Radiation,In this unit you will: 1. learn about nuclear radiation and the consequences resulting from a nuclear crisis; 2. familiarize yourself with the words and expressions related to the theme of the unit; 3. learn to recognize main ideas and understand the purpose of a lecture; 4.
2、 enhance listening skills through non-theme related audio and video materials; 5. learn to use proper expressions and sentence structures to get conference information from the registrar.,Learning objectives,Part I Theme-Related Activities,Part II Listening Strategies,Part III Extensive Listening,Pa
3、rt IV Communication Skills,Part V Assessment Log,Part I Theme-Related Activities,Section I Science Report I,Section II Science Report II,Section III Science Report III,1. Are you exposed to radiation everyday? 2. What is the physical process of nuclear radiation?,Lead-in questions:,Unit 2 Part I Sec
4、tion I Lead-in questions,Word Bank,Unit 2 Part I Section I Word Bank,Unit 2 Part I Section I Word Bank,Unit 2 Part I Section I Word Bank,Notes,Unit 2 Part I Section I Notes,Task 1 Watch the video clip and then decide whether the following statements are true or false.,1. The nuclei of certain elemen
5、ts, such as uranium, are stable and can be split apart in the process known as fission. 2. Fission will occur when neutrons are moving too quickly. 3. Deuterium has a neutron in its nucleus. 4. Heavy water is more effective as a moderator than light water. 5. A normally operating reactor will not le
6、ak any amount of radioactivity.,F,F,_,_,T,_,T,_,F,_,Unit 2 Part I Section I Task 1,Task,Task 2 Watch the video clip for the second time and then complete the following sentences.,Task,1. The capacity to penetrate through otherwise opaque substances. The capacity to , to . 2. Radiation causes things
7、other than fatal cancers or in live-born offspring. 3. I think the number being counted by the Council on Economic Priorities, , around nuclear commercial plants in the States have to do with pneumonia-type deaths.,disrupt biological processes,_ _,kill cancer cells,_,serious transmittable genetic di
8、sease,_,nine thousand deaths a year,_,Unit 2 Part I Section I Task 2,4. But these areused to explore the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. 5. The overall excess mortality the accident, conservatively, was 50,000 extra deaths.,the same types of statistical techniques,_,probably attributab
9、le to,_,Unit 2 Part I Section I Task 2,1. How is radiation produced?2. How can one guarantee the safe operation of a nuclear power plant?3. How many different types of radiation does this video imply there are? What are they?,Task 3 Watch the video clip again and give a short answer to each of the f
10、ollowing questions.,Task,The reactor produces radiation as it generates heat.,_,Personnel must be well trained, so that they can master this complex technology.,_ _,3, low frequency radiation, high frequency radiation, nuclear radiation.,_ _,Unit 2 Part I Section I Task 3,4. Does a nuclear power pla
11、nt affect the mortality rate in the surrounding areas?,【Script】,According to the statistics released by Dr. Bertell, living near nuclear plant means more exposure to elevated levels of radiation, which largely, in turn leads to more death tolls.,_ _ _ _,Unit 2 Part I Section I Task 3,Script,Unit 2 P
12、art I Section I Script,Word Bank,Unit 2 Part I Section II Word Bank,Notes,1. Richard E. BesserRichard E. Besser, MD, (born 1959) is an ABC News Medical editor and formerly the acting director of the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
13、 Registry (ATSDR). 2. emergency kitA list of supplies or items prepared (usu. in a suitcase) to help you evacuate in case of emergency, such as a flashlight, battery-operated radio, food, water and blankets.,Unit 2 Part I Section II Notes,1. Which of the following best explains “shelter in place”?A.
14、 To find a house in which to live.B. To be protected by the door.C. To place carbon dioxide and ice in its original place.D. To get indoors quickly and seal the area off. 2. Which of the following is NOT true of Dr. Bessers demonstration?A. It involved taking carbon dioxide and ice and placing them
15、under the door.B. It showed that a basic door can be of great help to keep radiation out.C. The gas really came through the basic door.D. The door needed a plastic.,Task 1 Watch the video clip and choose the best answers to the questions below.,Task,Unit 2 Part I Section II Task 1,3. How long can on
16、e stay in a sealed room before ventilating it?A. 3 days. C. 3 minutes. 4. What is the first priority if nuclear radiation is released?A. To evacuate first before the disaster.B. To have a radio.C. To prepare three days water.D. To shut the door. 5. Following the guidelines reduces radiation exposure
17、 to of what one would experience outdoors.A. 5% C. 25%,B. 3 hours. D. 3 days and 3 hours.B. 15% D. 55%,Unit 2 Part I Section II Task 1,1. How should one seal the door?2. Why does a basic door offer little help?3. What is the purpose of the test?4. What emergency supplies should homeowners keep?,Task
18、 2 Watch the video clip for the second time and give a short answer to each of the following questions.,Task,Take a basic plastic sheet, ideally pre-cut, and use it to cover the door on all sides. Make sure that the gas has no way to come in.,_ _ _,It allows gas to come through.,_,To test whether fo
19、llowing the guidelines will effectively keep radiation (of toxic gasses) out.,_ _,Water, food, and a radio to follow broadcasting instructions.,_,Unit 2 Part I Section II Task 2,Task 3 Watch the video clip again and speak for two minutes on the topic. Prepare to answer one or two questions from clas
20、smates or the teacher after the presentation.,For Reference:,Unit 2 Part I Section II Task 3,Task,Suggested questions and answers: 1. What does “shelter in place” mean?2. What if oxygen starts running out in the sealed room?3. What if the water is not drinkable?,It means getting inside quickly and s
21、ealing off the area from dangerous gasses or radiation.,_ _,One cannot keep the door sealed all the time. After three hours, one has to vent it to let some oxygen in to avoid suffocation.,_ _ _,The best way is to store as much drinking water as possible.,_ _,Unit 2 Part I Section II Task 3,【Script】,
22、Script,Unit 2 Part I Section II Script,Word Bank,Unit 2 Part I Section III Word Bank,Notes,1. Bob WoodruffRobert Warren “Bob” Woodruff (born August 18, 1961) is an American television journalist. His career in journalism dates back to 1989, and he is widely known for succeeding Peter Jennings as coa
23、nchor of ABC News weekday news broadcast, World News Tonight in January 2006. Later the same month he was critically wounded by a roadside bomb in Iraq. 2. International Nuclear Event ScaleThe International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale (INES) was introduced in 1990 by the International Atomi
24、c Energy Agency (IAEA) in order to enable prompt communication of safety signifi - cance information in case of nuclear accidents.,Unit 2 Part I Section III Notes,1. Level 1-3 2. Level 4 3. Level 5 4. Level 6 5. Level 7,Task 1 Watch the video clip and match the levels in the left column with the des
25、criptions in the right column.,Task,a. an accident: minor release of radioactive material, high probability of significant exposure b. incidents: ranging from anomaly to serious incident c. a serious accident: a significant release of radioactive material, requiring plannedcounter-measures d. an acc
26、ident: a limited release of radioactive material, requiring some counter-measures,a few deaths e. the worst nuclear power plant accident in history, major release of radioactive materials,1. b 2. a 3. d 4. c 5. e,_,Unit 2 Part I Section III Task 1,Task 2 Watch the video clip for the second time and
27、choose the best answers to the questions below.,1. How large is the evacuation radius from the reactor now?A. 12 miles.B. More than 12 miles.C. Less than 12 miles.D. 25 miles. 2. What do people in the town about 25 miles north of the nuclear facility fear?A. Shortages of food and water.B. Shortages
28、of money.C. Aftershocks.D. A significant release of radiation.,Unit 2 Part I Section III Task 2,Task,3. Which of the following statement is NOT true about the governments orders?A. The government ordered everyone to leave.B. The government came door to door to give the orders.C. The government infor
29、med the local residents of the severity of the radiation levels.D. The government told the local residents to leave within a month.,Unit 2 Part I Section III Task 2,4. What did the government finally acknowledge?A. The nuclear leak is of minor importance.B. The government can control the situation.C
30、. The governments counter-measures proved to be effective.D. The government failed to control this serious situation. 5. All the following information about dairy farmer Kenichi Hasegawa（長谷川健一）is true EXCEPT_.A. he lost his livelihoodB. he cannot sell his milkC. he loves his hometownD. he has been p
31、oisoned by the radiation,Unit 2 Part I Section III Task 2,【Script】,Script,Unit 2 Part I Section III Script,Part II Listening Strategies,Understanding Lectures: Recognizing the Main Idea and Main Purpose,Understanding Lectures: Recognizing the Main Idea and Main Purpose,When a lecture starts, the fir
32、st thing to do is to identify the topic, scope, and purpose of the lecture as soon as possible, in other words, to distinguish the overall ideas and general concepts from specific points. This will help one retain and remember details, making note-taking easier.To differentiate the information, lear
33、ners need to follow the lecturers stream of ideas by activating the schemata (the knowledge of the subject matter and world), and looking for clues and discourse markers, in the lecturers words.,Unit 2 Part II,This approach will alert learners to the importance of key information, e.g. “Today, I wan
34、t to talk about ”, “Now, lets move on to ”, “One of the special features is that .”, “One reason is that Another problem is Other factors that could be contributing to include ” Sometimes, it is necessary to determine purposes and attitudes which are usually embedded in statements of intention, e.g.
35、 “What I intend to show today ”, “Today I am going to take up the subject of ”, “The topic Id like to introduce ”, “Now let me look at this from a different point of view ”, “Now let us consider ” and “We may here review the factors that ”,Unit 2 Part II,Aside from listening attentively, actively, a
36、nd alertly, learners can also make full use of audio-visual aids to understand the main ideas and points of the lecture (see slide 1), and take notes accordingly.,Unit 2 Part II,Unit 2 Part II,(slide 1: about nuclear radiation),Unit 2 Part II,Typical questionsWhat is the main idea/ main point/ subje
37、ct/topic of this lecture?What does the lecture mainly concern?Why does the professor mention ?What does the speaker say about ?,Unit 2 Part II,Word Bank,Unit 2 Part II Word Bank,Unit 2 Part II Word Bank,Unit 2 Part II Word Bank,Notes,Unit 2 Part II Notes,Task Complete the following sentences while w
38、atching the video clip. Try to follow the flow of the lecturers ideas.,Task,1. Ill tell you a little bit about . 2. And I want to start by giving you . 3. Because in visual illusions we can easily demonstrate the mistakes. In cognitive illusion its much, much harder to demonstrate to people the mist
39、akes. So I want to . 4. Now think about what this means. .,irrational behavior,_,some examples of visual illusion as a metaphor for rationality,_ _,show you some cognitive illusions, or decision making illusions, in the same way,_ _,We wake up in the morning and we feel we make decisions,_ _,Unit 2
40、Part II Task,5. Now, you might say, “”. 6. And its so complex that . And because we have no idea what to do, we just . 7. Ill give you a couple of more examples . 8. What is ? 9. I think that if we understood our cognitive limitations in the same way that we understand our physical limitations,even
41、though they dont stare us in the face in the same way, .,These are decisions we dont care about,_ _,we dont know what to do,_,pick whatever it was that was chosen for us,_ _,on irrational decision making,_ _,the general point,_,we could design a better world,_,Unit 2 Part II Task,【Script】,Script,Uni
42、t 2 Part II Script,Part III Extensive Listening,I News Reports,II Interview,III Televised Speech,IV Conversations,V Passage Listening,VI Compound Dictation,Word Bank,Unit 2 Part III I News Reports I,Listen to the report and then do the following exercise.,1. How many people were killed in the earthq
43、uake and tsunami?A. Three thousand. C. Two thousand. 2. What did Prime Minister Naoto Kan NOT mention in his speech?A. His sympathy to the people who live in the shelter.B. A promise to give them material compensation.C. His attempt to comfort the local people.D. The on-going rescue efforts.,B. Nine
44、 thousand. D. Six thousand.,Unit 2 Part III I News Reports I,3. Which reactor was seriously damaged?A. No 1. C. No 3. 4. The military is “working around the clock” probably means _.A. working in time B. working on timeC. working with clocks in hand D. working day and night,B. No 2. D. No 4.,Unit 2 P
45、art III I News Reports I,【Script】,Script,Unit 2 Part III I News Reports I,Word Bank,Unit 2 Part III I News Reports II,1. Which best explains why people are concerned about the Ronald Reagan?A. It was the name of a president.B. It was a very important aircraft carrier.C. It has ensured the security of Japan for decades.D. It sailed through a radioactive cloud. 2. The amount of exposure to radiation the sailors experienced was .A. more than one gets from a chest X-rayB. tinyC. as much as the cosmic radiation one gets exposed to in a monthD. a major release of radiation,
