1、- 1 -2018 年甘肃省酒泉市酒泉中学开校英语第一次诊断考试本试卷分第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分。满分 120 分，考试时间为 100分钟。第 I 卷（共 70 分）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项。ACuyahoga Valley National Park Volunteer ProgramBuilding a Community of Park StewardsPosition Title: Wildlife Volunte
2、er Butterfly Monitors (2 positions)Dates: Mid May to September, 2018Hours: 8 16 hours / weekLocation: Cuyahoga Valley National ParkDuties: Park staff will train volunteers in butterfly identification and data recording for one week before volunteers work in team of two to help track butterfly monito
3、ring areas. Butterfly monitoring areas are 1 2 miles in length and are walked one time per week. There are a total of three butterfly monitoring areas within the park. Butterflies are identified by using binoculars （望远镜） or by netting and releasing. Data is recorded on data sheets.- 2 -Skills Requir
4、ed: Applicants must have self motivation and desire to work with others. Volunteers will work during days when temperature is 70 degrees or more, between 10:30 am and 5 pm. Ability to walk a long distance in hot and humid conditions is needed. Skills with basic butterfly identification are not a mus
5、t but helpful.Requirements: Applicants must complete a National Park Service Agreement and have their backgrounds looked into. U. S. citizenship is required. Applicants must be current Kent State University students.How to Apply: Please request an application from Mike Johnson at gkovachkent.edu and
6、 send it back to Mike Johnson at gkovachkent.edu, with the above position title as the subject, by February 15, 2018. If offered an interview, please come to Cuyahoga Valley National Park with your personal resume introducing your education and your previous work experience.For further information,
7、please call Jamie Walters at (330) 657-2142 or email jwaltersforcvnp.org.1. What will a volunteer do in this program?A. Walk 1 2 miles every day. B. Help make a data record.C. Work at least 16 hours per week. D. Identify butterfly monitoring areas.2. Applicants for the job must _.A. have the skills
8、of butterfly identification B. be university graduatesC.have their backgrounds checked D. design a program3. To apply for the passion, one needs to _.A. send the application to gkovachkent.eduB. visit Jamie Walters at the officeC. hand in a resume before February 15D. call (330) 657-2142B“Hi, Mrs. G
9、rady,” said Mark when their neighbor opened her door. “Would you like us to shovel（铲） your sidewalk and driveway?” Shoveling was Jamies - 3 -idea, a way to earn enough money for the new Ocean Kingdom video game that came out the next day.Mrs. Grady was happy, “That would be wonderful, boys. I think
10、the job is getting to be too much for me.”“It will cost 10 dollars,” Jamie said. “If thats OK,” Mark added.“Oh dear,” Mrs. Grady said disappointedly, “I havent been able to get to the bank. I can offer homemade cookies, but I realize thats not what you had in mind.”Mark was going to say that Mrs. Gr
11、ady could pay them another time, but Jamie cut him off. “Well come back later.”Mrs. Grady doesnt look like the person whod come to Marks rescue last summer when Mr. Dunns dog Goldie had just wanted to play, but Mark didnt feel comfortable around big dogs. He wanted to call for help, but his tongue s
12、eemed locked behind his teeth. Then Mrs. Gradys front door had flown open. She must have seen him from across the street. “Hold on, Mark. Im coming!” “Goldie” shed called. As soon as Goldie had turned her head, Mrs. Grady had slipped between Mark and the dog. She wasnt much taller than Mark, but she
13、d stood firm as a rock in front of him. “Goldie, go home!” Then shed swept her broom to hurry the dog along. “Get!” Goldie had obeyed.When Mark showed thanks to Mrs. Grady, Mrs. Grady laughed. “It was nothing. Good neighbors watch out for each other, dont they?”And now Mrs. Grady needed Mark as much
14、 as hed needed her last summer. He smiled and waved at Mrs. Grady, then his shovel deep into the snow.“Hey!” Jamie shouted. “What are you doing?” Mark couldnt explain about Goldie and watching out for neighbors. “I like Mrs. Gradys cookies,” he said.4. Why did Jamie and Mark plan to clear the snow f
15、or Mrs. Grady at first?A. To help the lady. B. To visit New Kingdom.C. To earn pocket money. D. To do volunteer work.5. Mrs. Grady couldnt pay them most probably because _.- 4 -A. she couldnt find the bank B. she didnt have enough cash C. she thought it was worthless D. she couldnt afford it 6. Acco
16、rding to the story, which of the following words can be used to describe Mrs. Grady best?A. Helpful. B. Hopeful. C. Hardworking. D. Greedy.7. Which of the following proverb can best summarize the story?A. A penny saved is a penny earned. B. Birds of a feather flock together. C. Kindness is repaid wi
17、th kindness. D. Actions speak louder than words. CAccording to new research from the University of Cambridge in England, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.The farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well
18、 as familiar humans. However, their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.The recent study, the results of which were published in the journal Royal Society: Open Science, shows the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of f
19、ormer President Barack Obama and actress Emma Watson.Initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. Later, they were able to recognize the images for which they had been rewarded. The sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though thei
20、r ability to do so declined by about 15 percent the same rate at which a humans ability to perform the same task declines.“Anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent, individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers,” said Professor Jenny Morton, who
21、led the Cambridge study. “Weve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, comparable with those - 5 -of humans and monkeys.”Recognizing faces is one of the most important social skills for human beings, and some disorders of the brain, including Huntingtons disease, af
22、fect this ability.“Sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. That means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as Huntingtons disease, that develop over a long time and affect cognitive abilities. Our
23、study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change,” Morton said.8. According to the new research, whats unusual about sheep?A. They have large brains.B. They can recognize human faces from photographs.C. They can tell animals from humans.D. They can recognize their owners.9. How did t
24、he researchers train the sheep?A. By guiding them to follow their handlers.B. By showing photos of famous people.C. By showing photos of humans and monkeys by turns.D. By giving food rewards.10. What can be inferred from the passage?A. The new discovery is beneficial to the study of cognitive abilit
25、y changes.B. The sheeps face-recognition ability stays the same when shown photos at any angle.C. Sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys.D. The sheeps face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain.11. Whats the passage mainly about?A. A Wonderful Scientist B. Ho
26、w Sheep Recognize Each OtherC. A New discovery about Sheep D. The Life of SheepD- 6 -The word tolerance is widely used in liberal democracies(自由民主). It indicates a positive meaning. Politicians urge us to be tolerant towards minorities. Educators teach us to be tolerant towards the other. The press
27、is full of references to the need to display tolerance when faced with individuals or groups espousing(拥护 ) a different view or holding a different religious belief. A tolerant society is an objective sought after by anyone who believes in the values of democracy. A tolerant individual is attributed
28、(认为是) with virtuous qualities.The question we must ask is whether we have been using the word tolerance fully aware of its meaning and whether we have applied it correctly to reflect what we really wish to convey.The word tolerance means to bear, or to bear with. If I tolerate something or someone,
29、I basically say that I am ready to bear it or him. I can tolerate a bad smell or a noisy neighbour. The act of toleration forces me to desist from conveying my objection to the existence of a phenomenon, which I find difficult to bear. A bad smell or a noisy neighbour is considered by me to be an ob
30、jectionable phenomenon. By tolerating either of them, I am not transforming the bad smell or the noisy neighbour into positive phenomena. Lets be honest: I dont have a different taste when it comes to bad smells. I simply dislike it and wish that it disappears. I dont respect the noisy neighbour. I
31、would rather have him stop at once the noise he is making so I can live in peace. A tolerant attitude involves the grant(授给物) of a favour, not a right. The question we should ask ourselves is whether we would ever wish a parliament(议会) to make laws according to certain actions interpreted as a favou
32、r rather than a right? Indeed, would we ever wish anyone to listen to our views and accept us the way we are simply because he is kind enough to tolerate us?12. The first two paragraphs are mainly intended to show that _.A. tolerance is a symbol of liberal democraciesB. peoples understanding of tole
33、rance is one-sidedC. democratic society always advocates tolerance - 7 -D. tolerance can be applied to many situations13. The underlined part “desist from” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “_.A. deny B. dislike C. stop D. keep 14. The example of a bad smell and a noisy neighbour is raised to indica
34、te that _.A. tolerating them isnt a virtuous act B. most people find them hard to tolerate C. the writer isnt prejudiced against them D. the writer are fed up with them 15. The best title for this passage should be “_”.A. Tolerance and respect B. What is to be tolerated?C. Should people be tolerant?
35、 D. Is Tolerance a Virtue? 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。（注意：E 涂 AB；F 涂 AC；G 涂 AD）Competitors who wear red win more than those that are dressed in any other color, according to study in Germany. 16 Experts believe that red could make individuals and teams feel m
36、ore confident as well as being perceived by others as more aggressive. 17 On the other hand, the results could suggest that the success of those teams has given those that wear the red color more confident. The study, by German sports psychologists at the University of Munster, was reported in New S
37、cientist magazine. They showed video recording of taekwondo matches to 42 experienced referees. One fighter wore blue and the other wore red. They then showed them the same recordings but digitally manipulated the clothing to exchange the colors. 18 “If one competitor is strong and the other is weak
38、, it wont change the outcome of the fight,” said Norbert Hagemann, who led the study. “ 19 ”In 2004 scientists at Durham University also looked at how color influenced - 8 -sporting competitiveness. They analyzed Olympic contest sports such as boxing, taekwondo, and freestyle wrestling and found tha
39、t nearly 55% of which were won by the competitor in red. “ 20 ”said Robert Burton, one of the researchers.A. It is the color of fire and is often associated with energy, danger, strength, power, and determination.B. The findings could explain why Manchester United, Liverpool and Arsenal have been so
40、 successful.C. The study shows that football shirts from worldwide teams such as Arsenal, Liverpool, sell successfully.D. It is reasonable that wearing red makes individuals feel more confident, although this hasnt yet been tested.E. Researchers found that those who wear red tops, jackets or clothin
41、g score 10 percent more in any competition than if they were in another color.F. The fighters wearing red were given an average of 13 percent more points than when they wore blue.G. But the closer the levels, the easier it is for the color to tip the scale.第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空 （共 20 小题，每
42、小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。James Cleveland Owens(19131980)was a great American athlete. In the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin，he achieved 21 fame by winning four gold medals：one each in the 100meter dash，the 200meter dash，the 22 ，and for being part of the 4100met
43、er relay team.Born in Alabama，Owens was often 23 with what his mother reportedly called “devils cold”Life was hard for the family. The family 24 to Ohio in 1921.There was little 25 in their life，but the move did enable young Owens to 26 public school，where a teacher who didnt understand his country
44、27 accidentally wrote down his name as “Jesse” instead of JC.Owens had to take different jobs in his 28 time. During the period，when - 9 -he was in the fifth grade，the athletic supervisor asked him to go out for 29 .From a 30 boy he developed into a strong runner.Throughout his life Owens believed t
45、hat the success of his athletic career 31 from the 32 of Charles Riley，his junior high track coach，who had picked him off the playground and put him on the track team. Since Owens worked in a shoe repair shop after school，Riley 33 Owens to practice before school instead.Owens first came to national
46、34 when he was a student of East Technical High School in Cleveland， Ohio. He tied the world 35 of 9.4 seconds in the 100 meter dash and long jumped 24 feet 9 1/2 inches at the 1933 National High School Championship in Chicago.In 1956 he organized the Junior Olympic Games for youngsters in Chicago，w
47、hich was active in helping black 36 .With time progressing，his 37 grew worse. He died in 1980 after a lengthy 38 in a hospital. The highest honor，the Congressional Gold Medal，Owens 39 came in 1990. During the 40 ，President Bush called Owens “an Olympic hero and an American hero every day of his life
48、”21A.traditional Bnational Cinternational Dpractical22A.longjump Bhighjump Cboxing Dgymnastics23A.naughty Bsick Cproud Ddetermined24A.joined Bmoved Carrived Dreached25A.improvement Bappearance Cachievement Darrangement26A.apply Benter Cstart Dapproach27A.origin Baccent Csituation Dbackground28A.gold
49、en Btough Cspare Dspecial29A.track Bwork Cwalk Dtravel30A.smart Bcurious Cweak Dlively31A.dated Bresulted Cmade Dchose32A.competition Bexplanation Cadvantage Dencouragement33A.forced Ballowed Creminded Dpromised- 10 -34A.attraction Battention Cargument Ddiscussion35A.champion Bcrisis Crecord Dhistory36A.youth Belder Csociety Dadults37A.a
