1、 High-speed machining and demand for the development ofThe machine design is through the design of new or improved products to meet human needs science and technology. It involves every field of engineering technology, the basic idea of size, shape and the detailed structure of products, but also mu
2、st study the product in manufacturing, sales and use of the problem.A variety of mechanical design staff is often referred to as the designer or mechanical design engineer. The machine design is a creative work. Project Engineer not only must have the creativity in the work, must also have the solid
3、 foundation of knowledge on mechanical drawing, kinematics, mechanics of materials, engineering materials and machinery manufacturing technology etcIf front sues, the machine design goal is the production can meet the humanneeds of the product. The invention, discovery and scientific knowledge itsel
4、f does not necessarily bring benefits to human beings, only when they are applied in the product can produce the benefit. Therefore, should realize thedesign in a specific product, must first determine whether the people do need this kind of products.Keywords: High-speed machining Numerical control
5、technology high-speedHigh-speed machining is contemporary advanced manufacturing technology an important component of the high-efficiency, High-precision and high surface quality, and other features. This article presents the technical definition of the current state of development of Chinas applica
6、tion fields and the demand situation. High-speed machining is oriented to the 21st century a new high-tech, high-efficiency, High-precision and high surface quality as a basic feature, in the automobile industry, aerospace, Die Manufacturing and instrumentation industries gained increasingly widespr
7、ead application, and has made significant technical and economic benefits. contemporary advanced manufacturing technology an important component part.HSC is to achieve high efficiency of the core technology manufacturers, intensive processes and equipment packaged so that it has a high production ef
8、ficiency. It can be said that the high-speed machining is an increase in the quantity of equipment significantly improve processing efficiency essential to the technology. High-speed machining is the major advantages : improve production efficiency, improve accuracy and reduce the processing of cutt
9、ing resistance.The high-speed machining of meaning, at present there is no uniform understanding, there are generally several points as follows : high cutting speed. usually faster than that of their normal cutting 5 -10 times; machine tool spindle speed high, generally spindle speed in -20000r/min
10、above 10,000 for high-speed cutting; Feed at high velocity, usually 15 -50m/min up to 90m/min; For different cutting materials and the wiring used the tool material, high-speed cutting the meaning is not necessarily the same; Cutting process, bladed through frequency (Tooth Passing Frequency) closer
11、 to the “machine-tool - Workpiece “system the dominant natural frequency (Dominant Natural Frequency), can be considered to be high-speed cutting. Visibility high-speed machining is a comprehensive concept.When the general size features and components analysis thoroughly, candesign and comprehensive
12、 analysis. Then the superiority of machine performance more objectively, and its safety, weight, durability, andcompetitive cost are also taken into account in the analysis of results. Everyimportant part to optimize its proportions and dimensions, also want to keep in harmony with the other part.Bu
13、t also the choice of raw material and raw materials and processing. To analyze and implement these important characteristics by mechanics principle,such as the best use of the energy and the friction of the static response, likedynamic inertia, acceleration power and energy; including elastic materi
14、al strength, stress and physical properties of stiffness and other materials, and fluid lubrication and drives the fluid mechanics. The design process is a process of repetition and cooperation, whether formal or informal, thedesigners of each stage is very important.In the production design stage,
15、the main problems and relevant materialsshould regard the material completely settled, causes them to adapt with the existing equipment, can use the existing equipment economically to carry on the processing, and the material quantity can easily ensure supply.1992. Germany, the Darmstadt University
16、of Technology, Professor H. Schulz in the 52th on the increase of high-speed cutting for the concept and the scope, as shown in Figure 1. Think different cutting targets, shown in the figure of the transition area (Transition), to be what is commonly called the high-speed cutting, This is also the t
17、ime of metal cutting process related to the technical staff are looking forward to, or is expected to achieve the cutting speed.High-speed machining of machine tools, knives and cutting process, and other aspects specific requirements. Several were from the following aspects : high-speed machining t
18、echnology development status and trends.At this stage, in order to achieve high-speed machining, general wiring with high flexibility of high-speed CNC machine tools, machining centers, By using a dedicated high-speed milling, drilling. These equipment in common is : We must also have high-speed and
19、 high-speed spindle system feeding system, Cutting can be achieved in high-speed process. High-speed cutting with the traditional cutting the biggest difference is that “Machine-tool-workpiece“ the dynamic characteristics of cutting performance is stronger influence. In the system, the machine spind
20、le stiffness, grip or form, a long knife set, spindle Broach, torque tool set, Performance high-speed impact are important factors.In the high-speed cutting, material removal rate (Metal Removal Rate, MRR), unit time that the material was removed volume, usually based on the “machine-tool-workpiece“
21、 whether Processing System “chatter.“ Therefore, in order to satisfy the high-speed machining needs, we must first improve the static and dynamic stiffness of machine spindle is particularly the stiffness characteristics. HSC reason at this stage to be successful, a very crucial factor is the dynami
22、c characteristics of the master and processing capability.In order to better describe the machine spindle stiffness characteristics of the project presented new dimensionless parameter - DN value, used for the evaluation of the machine tool spindle structure on the high-speed machining of adaptabili
23、ty. DN value of the so-called “axis diameter per minute speed with the product.“ The newly developed spindle machining center DN values have been great over one million. To reduce the weight bearing, but also with an array of steel products than to the much more light ceramic ball bearings; Bearing
24、Lubrication most impressive manner mixed with oil lubrication methods. In the field of high-speed machining. have air bearings and the development of magnetic bearings and magnetic bearings and air bearings combined constitute the magnetic gas / air mixing spindle.Feed the machine sector, high-speed
25、 machining used in the feed drive is usually larger lead, multiple high-speed ball screw and ball array of small-diameter silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramic ball, to reduce its centrifugal and gyroscopic torque; By using hollow-cooling technology to reduce operating at high speed ball screw as temperat
26、ure generated by the friction between the lead screw and thermal deformation.The cutting force of high-speed cutting of small, high stability, can processhigh quality with the internal staff may be very good, but like other than the companys employees work performance may not excellent. We Chinesepr
27、actically speaking, we use benchmarking to determine the training needs of staff is simple and effective. This study models can be an external object, can also be a combination of internal and external. Must first clear strategy for the development of enterprises. Through the analysis of the interna
28、l and external environment and organizational resources, the future development of a clear business goals and business focus. According to the development strategy of the enterprise can be compared to find the benchmarking enterprises, through a comparative analysis, finally determine the benchmarki
29、ng enterprises. In determining business models, a, is the understanding of its development strategy, or its market share and market growth rate, or the staff of the situation and so on, according to the actual situation of the enterprise to determine. The enterprises in different development period,
30、 its focus is different, which means that enterprises need to invest the manpower and financial resources the focus is different. So in a certain period of time,enterprises should accurately selected their business models compared with the departments and posts, so more practical significance, becau
31、se the business models are not always good, but to compare some aspects did not have much practical significance, moreover it can more fully concentrated use of the limited resources of enterprises. Identify business models, and then take the enterprise of the corresponding departments and staff wit
32、h the business models for comparison, the two can be found in the performance gap, a comparative analysis, find the reasons, according to the enterprise actual,finally to identify training needs. The cost of training is needed, if not through an effective way, to determine whether companies need to
33、train and the training of the way, but blind to training, such training is difficult to achieve the desired results. There is only difference, this model is simple and practical training.In recent years, the use of linear motor-driven high-speed system of up to Such feed system has removed the motor
34、 from workstations to Slide in the middle of all mechanical transmission links, Implementation of Machine Tool Feed System of zero transmission. Because no linear motor rotating components, from the role of centrifugal force, can greatly increase the feed rate. Linear Motor Another major advantage o
35、f the trip is unrestricted. The linear motor is a very time for a continuous machine shop in possession of the bed. Resurfacing of the very meeting where a very early stage movement can go, but the whole system of up to the stiffness without any influence. By using high-speed screw, or linear motor
36、can greatly enhance machine system of up to the rapid response. The maximum acceleration linear motors up to 2-10G (G for the acceleration of gravity), the largest feed rate of up to 60 -200m/min or higher. 2002 world-renowned Shanghai Pudong maglev train project of maglev track steel processing, Us
37、ing the Shenyang Machine Tool Group Holdings Limited McNair friendship company production plants into extra-long high-speed system for large-scale processing centers achieve . The machine feeding system for the linear guide and rack gear drive, the largest table feed rate of 60 m / min, Quick trip o
38、f 100 m / min, 2 g acceleration, maximum speed spindle 20000 r / min, the main motor power 80 kW. X-axis distance of up to 30 m, 25 m cutting long maglev track steel error is less than 0.15 mm. Maglev trains for the smooth completion of the project provided a strong guarantee for technologyNumerical
39、 control technology in China started in 1958, nearly 50 years of development can be roughly divided into 3 stages: the first stage from 1958 to1979, closed development stage. At this stage, due to blockade of foreign technology and our basic conditions, numerical control technology development is re
40、latively slow. The second stage is in the country “six five“,“seven five“ and “eight five“ during the period, namely the technology introduction, digestion and absorption, the initial set up phase of the localization system. At this stage, because of reform and opening-up andnational attention, and
41、research and development to improve the environment and international environment, research, development of CNC technology in China and the localization of products have made considerable progress. The third stage is in the country “eight five“ and later the “Nine Five“ period, namely the implementa
42、tion of the industry, market competition stage. At this stage,Chinas domestic CNC equipment industry has made substantial progress. In the “Nine Five“ period, domestic CNC machine tools in the domestic market share of 50%, with domestic CNC system (Universal) also reached 10%.CNC equipment in twenty
43、-first Century will be the system with certain intelligence, intelligent content including the various aspects in the numerical control system: the pursuit of intelligent machining efficiency and qualityaspects, such as the machining process adaptive control, automatic generation of process paramete
44、rs; in order to improve the driving performance and the use of intelligent convenient connection, such as feedforward control,motor parameter adaptive operation, automatic identification and automatic load model, self-tuning; simplify the programming, simplify the intelligenceoperations, such as aut
45、omatic programming, smart and intelligent human-machine interface; and the intelligent diagnosis, intelligent monitoring of the content, facilitate the diagnosis and repair. For industrial production to solve the traditional numerical control system sealing and numerical control application software
46、 problems. Many countries in the research of open CNC system, such as USA NGC (The Next Generation Work-Station/MachineControl), the OSACA (Open System Architecture for Control within AutomationSystems), Japanese OSEC (Open System Environment for Controller),Chinese (Open Numerical Control ONC Syste
47、m) etc Open CNC system hasbecome the future way of the numerical control system. The development ofthe open numerical control system is the numerical control system can run in a unified platform, for machine tool manufacturers and end users, by changing,adding or cutting structure object (numerical
48、control function), formed a series,and can be easily applied to the special technical know-how and the usersintegrated into the control system, the fast realization of open numerical control system of different varieties, different grades, forming a distinctive brand personality. The architecture of
49、 open CNC system, communications standards, standardized configuration, operation platform, numerical controlsystem and the NC system functions such as software development tools is the core of the current study.In addition, the campaign machine performance will also directly affect the processing efficiency and accuracy of processing. Mold and the free surface of high-speed machining, the main wiring with small cut deep into methods for processing. Machine requirements in the feed rate conditions, should have high-precision positioning functions and high-precision interpolation functio
