1、1Unit 2 Working the land.阅读理解A(2017 福建泉州适应性考试)Experts predict nine billion people will live on our planet by 2050. They say by that time the demand for food will be two times what it is now. Officials are worried about that prediction because many people have already suffered from a lack of food. Mo
2、re than 800 million people go to bed hungry.A solution(解决办法)to the problem may be turning to our forests. A new report says forests can help reduce hunger and improve nutrition if they are properly managed.Bhaskar Vira is the director of the University of Cambridge Conservation Research Institute an
3、d an expert of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO). It recently released a report at the United Nations about forests and jungle food.Mr. Vira says crops that grow on trees can help feed people living in and around forests. He said,“Its like an insurance policy. Having a
4、ccess to those tree-based food is hugely important when you cant buy food from other sources or when your crops failed.”The report says that forest health and economic value will improve when people who live in or near forests are given greater control of them. For example, a project in Ghana aims f
5、or proper management of forests and fields. The people involved hope to grow 2the Allanblackia plant. The oil from its seeds can be used in soap, beauty products and food.Okai Michael Henchard leads the project. He says he will help people who live nearby. He says they will earn money and get trees
6、on their land. The trees provide shade and improve the air quality. Mr. Henchard says the project also helps fight against climate change.1.What are officials worried about?A.Pollution and starvation.B.The large population and health.C.The great demand for food. D.The sharp decrease of forests.2.Whi
7、ch can solve the problem discussed in the text according to Mr. Vira?A.Better living conditions. B.Insurance policies.C.Tree-based food. D.More fields.3.What is the initial purpose of the project in Ghana?A.To manage forests and fields. B.To grow the Allanblackia plant.C.To produce more oil.D.To bea
8、utify the environment.4.What would be the best title for the text?A.A solution to controlling the population B.Forests can help feed the worldC.The importance of forest health D.The project in Ghana helps the nativesB(2017 湖南张家界模拟)Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrien
9、ts.But researchers say a combination of farming methods may help.3Researchers wonder how to increase production without necessarily clearing more land to grow additional crops.American researchers say that can happen with greater use of an agricultural system called perenniation.It mixes food crops
10、with trees and perennial plantsthose that return year after year.Soil scientist John Reganold says,“One of the major problems is that the soils are fairly poor in most of the regions.So how do you grow food on poor soils? There have to be food production systems that can build the soil and improve t
11、he yield.”Mr. Reganold says poor soil may have resulted from years of weathering that washed away many nutrients.He says some farmers may have done more harm than good.“They have been actually using farming practices where theyre not putting in organic matter.Theyre not putting in fertilizers.They c
12、ant afford those things.And it just runs the soil down. So theyre worsening the situation.”The scientist says the word perenniation defines three systems that are already used in Africa.The oldest of the three is called evergreen agriculture.This is where farmers plant trees with their crops.Farmers
13、 in Africa have been doing this for sixty years, but it seems to be growing in popularity.The method is gaining widespread use in countries such as Niger, Burkina Faso, Malawi and Zambia.The trees are planted among maize (玉米), millet or sorghum crops.They not only add nitrogen (氮) to the soil throug
14、h their roots, but also through their leaves when they fall off and break down.At other times of the year, the trees can protect plants from strong sunlight.John Reganold says he knows of one woman who has had great success with perenniation.“Shes a grandmother in her fifties.Her name is Rhoda and s
15、he started using this system about twenty years ago.And her yields initially were about a ton of maize.Now with a good year she gets four tons per hectare, four times what she was getting.”5.The purpose of the passage is to . A.tell people how to increase productionB.introduce an agricultural system
16、 in AfricaC.introduce the oldest farming method in AfricaD.tell us how to prevent soil from being poor46.What does the underlined word “weathering” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A.Being exposed to wind and rain.B.Growing different crops.C.Being polluted severely.D.Being ploughed improperly.7.Acc
17、ording to the passage, which of the following statements is WRONG?A.Perenniation mixes food crops with trees and perennial plants.B.Poor soil is the main problem in increasing food production.C.Farmers may be more to blame for the present situation.D.American researchers first invented perenniation.
18、8.Why does John Reganold mention Rhoda?A.To show the method is very popular in Africa.B.Because she is an expert at farming production.C.To prove the farming method is effective.D.Because she produced more grains than anyone else in the country.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mr.Johnson lived
19、in the woods with his wife and children.He owned 1 farm,which looked almost abandoned. 2 (lucky),he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 3 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4 (leave).The cow was their only
20、 means of support,in fact.One day,the cow was eating grass 5 it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away,she 6 (fall)over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had to make a living 7 the cow.In order to support his family,Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the pla
21、nts took a while to grow,he started cutting down trees 8 (sell)the wood.Thinking about his childrens clothes,he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around,he was already selling herbs,vegetables and cotton in the market 9 people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to 10 that his fa
22、rm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 51. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. .短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改 10 处,多者(从第 11
23、处起)不计分。Im angry to see some schoolmates throw away food in the school canteen, which make me very concerned. As is we all know, there are still a lot of people who dont have enough food to eat. Even many people are suffering from hungry every day. In addition, food is a kind of limiting resource. To
24、 save food can better preserve our resource and protect the environment.However, its high time that we should say no to those waste food and realize the importance of saving food. Dont order too many next time! When you are eating, you should eat up all your food, try your best to reduce the waste.
25、Lets join our hands together to build a economical campus!67答案精解精析.阅读理解A语篇解读 本文为说明文。面对未来人口增加导致的食物需求量增大的问题,专家提出向森林要食物。1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知正确答案是 C 项。2.C 细节理解题。根据第四段 Mr. Vira 所说的话可知正确答案为 C 项。3.A 细节理解题。根据第五段 For example, a project in Ghana aims for proper management of forests and fields.可知正确答案是 A 项。4
26、.B 主旨大意题。本文第一段先提出未来人口增加导致食物需求量增大的问题。从第二段开始提出向森林要食物。因此 B 选项为最佳答案。B语篇解读 在非洲,土地有限、地力贫瘠。如何有效地改善土地状况,提高农作物产量呢?本文介绍了一种能有效提高土地的肥力,促进生产的耕作方式。5.B 主旨大意题。由文章第一段及第二段第二句话可知,本文主要针对非洲土地营养成分不足、产量低这一问题,向我们介绍了一种新的农业系统。6.A 词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句可知,多年的风雨侵蚀,导致了土地中的营养大量流失。故选 A。7.D 细节理解题。由文章第六段第一句以及最后一句可知,这种系统早已经在非洲使用,所以这种系统并不是美国
27、研究人员最先发明的。8.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段可知,John Reganold 提到 Rhoda 是为了证明这种种植方式是有效果的。.语法填空语篇解读 本文为记叙文,题材为人物故事类。本文讲述了主人公约翰逊的生活经历。虽然他意外地失去了以往用以谋生的奶牛,却在之后的生活中收获了更多,可谓“塞翁失马焉知非福”。1.a 考查冠词。本空后为单数名词 farm,且第一次提到,故填 a。2.Luckily 考查词性转换。本空修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,故填 Luckily。3.for 考查介词。exchange.for.用交换。84.was left 考查动词的时态和语态。谓语动词和主语之间为
28、被动关系,应用被动语态,又因为动作发生在过去应用一般过去时,故填 was left。5.when 考查连词。此句中 when 意为“这时”。6.fell 考查动词的时态。此空前为主语 she,根据语境可知应用一般过去时,故填 fell。7.without 考查介词。根据上文可知约翰逊失去了他的奶牛,且此空后为 the cow,故用介词without。8.to sell 考查非谓语动词。根据“他开始砍伐树木以卖木材”可知应填 to sell。9.where 考查定语从句。先行词是表地点的名词 market,关系词在定语从句中作状语,故填 where。10.him 考查代词。根据句型 It occ
29、urred to sb.that.“某人想到”及上下文中的人称使用情况可知答案。.短文改错Im angry to see some schoolmates throw away food in the school canteen, which me very concerned. As is we all know, there are still a lot of people who dont have enough food to eat. Even many people are suffering from every day. In addition, food is a kin
30、d of resource. To save food can better preserve our and protect the environment. , its high time that we should say no to those 或 food and realize the importance of saving food. Dont order too next time! When you are eating, you should eat up all your food, your best to reduce the waste. Lets join o
31、ur hands together to build economical campus!关系代词 which 指代前面的内容,故其谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数形式。“众所周知”的两种表达为:As is known to us all 或 As we all know。介词 from 后应该使用名词形式。形容词“有限的”正确形式为 limited。表示“资源”通常使用其复数形式。上下文为因果关系。这是典型的“一句双谓”错误,加关系词或把第二个动词改为非谓语动词。9这里代指前面的 food,故应使用 much。句中 food 后无连词,故使用非谓语动词作状语,主语 you 和 try 之间构成主动关系。economical campus 前应该使用 an。
