1、专题二 应用文,应用文是每年高考考查频率最高的体裁之一，其中以书信、电子邮件最为常见。从近几年看，高考书信写作主要包括建议信、邀请信、感谢信、投诉信、申请信、道歉信、普通书信/电子邮件等。,一、建议信题型特点,建议信是生活中常见的一种文体，是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构，信的内容要包括写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。,具体写作步骤一般是“三段式”，通常以 firstly, secondly,thirdly 或 to begin/start with, then, later,
2、last but not least 等依次陈述建议，具体结构为：,表明写作意图,建议信 具体的建议及理由,指出采纳建议的好处,常用句式,1开头常用语,(1)Youve asked me for advice with regard to/regarding.and,Ill try to make some useful suggestions here.关于你向我征求建议，在此，我将尽力提出一些有用的建议。,(2)Im sorry to know that you are having trouble with/in,doing.at the moment.得知此刻你遇到麻烦我深感遗憾。,2
3、主体部分常用语,(1)When it comes to/As for.I would like to suggest/,recommend.涉及/关于我想建议,(2)The following are my suggestions./My suggestions are as,follows.我的建议如下。,(3)In my opinion/Personally/As far as Im concerned, it would,be wise to take the following actions.在我看来，采取如下行动是明智的。,(4)I would like to suggest th
4、at.我想建议,(5)I think it would be more beneficial if you could.我想如果,你能可能会更有利。,3结尾常用语,(1)I hope you will find these suggestions helpful./I hope my,suggestions will be of benefit to you.我希望你认为这些建议有帮助。/我希望我的建议对你有益。,(2)I believe you will take my advice into account/,consideration seriously.我相信你会认真考虑我的建议的。黄
5、金模板,Dear _，(建议对象),Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how,to_.(引出对方需要建议的主题),Here are a few suggestions.( 引 出 作 者 建 议 ) First, it is,important to_.Then, it also helps to _.Besides, itshould be a good idea to _.You can also_.,可以根据要求用不同的句式提出建议，如下：,As to_， I suggest _.(需要具体到某一方面)In ad
6、dition，_.(其他的建议) Im sure _.(预测可能的结果，给对方以行动的信心和决心),I hope _.(表达愿望)Yours sincerely，,Li Hua,例,假设你是李华，贵校在学生中征集意见，询问学生是否赞成开设 iPad 课堂(iPad classrooms)。你支持开设 iPad 课堂。请给校长写一封建议信，要点如下：,1资源丰富；2促进交流；3利于环保；4其他理由。注意：,1词数 100 左右；,2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；,3开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。,We have been asked about our opinions on openi
7、ng iPadclassrooms._,Yours sincerely，,Li Hua,Dear Headmaster，,范文欣赏,Dear Headmaster，,We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPadclassrooms. I am in favour of this plan for the following reasons.To,begin with，everyone learns differently.Students can customize theiriPad with materials that fit
8、 their level and learning style ，and thustailor it to different needs.Moreover ， when connected to theInternet ，students can interact with teachers and classmates moreconveniently.For the sake of environmental protection ， opening,iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been,cutting
9、 down for paper.Most importantly ， I believe students will,develop their interests in the subjects by enjoying a new way oflearning.,I hope you would take my ideas into consideration and we,look forward to attending an iPad class.,Yours sincerely，,Li Hua,二、邀请信题型特点,邀请信是邀请收信人参加某项活动的书信，在写作时，语,气要热情真挚，不要
10、强人所难，其结构为：,表明写作意图，向某人发出邀请,邀请信 说明邀请的具体原因，邀请的内容,期待对方接受邀请，并表示感谢,常用句式,1开头常用语,(1)Were throwing a surprise party for.Wed like to invite you,to./Its my honor to invite you to.我们将为举办惊喜派对。我们想邀请你/我非常荣幸地邀请你,(2)I am writing to invite you to./Im writing to tell you that,there will be a . 我 写 信 邀 请 你 /我写信告诉你有一个(场
11、),(3)It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to. 如,能邀请你参加是我莫大的荣幸。,2主体部分常用语,(1)Here are some details about this activity./The following aresome details about this activity./Some details about this activity are,as follows.活动的细节如下。,(2)I would like to meet you there and please let me know y
12、our,decision soon.我想在那里见到你，请尽快告诉我你的决定。,3结尾常用语,(1)I would feel very honored if you could come./We wouldappreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your early,convenience./An early reply is appreciated.如果你能来，我将倍感荣幸。/如果你能尽早在你方便时确认参加，我们将不胜感激。/感激你的早日回复。,(2)Would you please drop me a line to
13、let me know if you can,come to.？如果你能来请写信告诉我，好吗？,(3)If you are interested in it, let me know and Ill send you,more information.如果你对此感兴趣，告诉我，我会给你发送更多的信息。,黄金模板,Dear _，(邀请对象),Hows everything with you? Im writing to tell you that there,will be a _ (活动) in/at _ (地点) on _ (时 间)I wonder if youd like to go w
14、ith me.(发出邀请),The occasion will start at _.( 具体时间) This will befollowed by a_.( 进一步的安排) At around _( 时 间)，_.(另一个安排),If you are interested in it, let me know.Hope to meet you at,the_./I really hope you can make it.(再次邀请) My phonenumber is _(电话号码)Looking forward to_.,Yours sincerely，,Li Ming,例,(2015 年
15、北京卷),假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，请给你的美国朋友 Jim写一封信，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括：,1介绍训练营的相关内容(例如：时间，地点，参加者等)；2说明你打算参加的原因；3询问对方的意向。注意：,1词数不少于 50；,2开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。,参考词汇：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training CampDear Jim，,_,Yours，,Li Hua,范文欣赏 Dear Jim，,Im writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.I intend t
16、o join a Dragon Boat Training Camp.I wonder if,youd like to go with me.(点出活动；发出邀请),This camp will be open on July 20th.It offers teenagers, like you and me, a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.If you are interested in it, let me know and Ill send you,more information.(具体时间、大致内容等
17、),Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer.( 再次邀,请),Yours，,Li Hua,三、感谢信题型特点,感谢信是重要的礼仪文书，是向帮助、关心和支持过自己的集体或个人表示感谢的书信，有感谢和表扬双重意思。其结构为：,点明写信目的感谢信 描述事件经过,再次表示感谢，表达回报心情,常用句式,1开头常用语,(1)I am writing to express my thanks/convey my gratitude to,you for.我写这封信是因为以表达我对你(们)的感激。,(2)I would like to convey
18、in this letter my heartfelt thanks to,you for.在信中我要为向你(们)表达我诚挚的谢意。,(3)Thank you so much for the gift you sent me.Its one of the,most wonderful gifts Ive ever got.非常感谢你给我寄来的礼物，这是我收到的最好的礼物之一。,(4)Id like to take this opportunity to express my appreciation,for your timely help and assistance. 我谨借此机会表达对你
19、给予我们及时的帮助和支持的感激。,(5)On behalf of my whole family, I would like to extend my,sincere gratitude for.我谨代表我全家对表示真诚的感激之情。,2结尾常用语,(1)Nothing will be able to erase our wonderful memories, and,we will remember them forever. 没有什么能抹掉我们美好的记忆，我们会永远牢记在心。,(2)Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you ！/
20、Thanks again for your kind help.我再次对你表示衷心的感谢。/对你的热心帮助再次表示感谢。,黄金模板,Dear _，(感谢对象),I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude to you for,_.( 感谢的原因) If it had not been for your assistance in_，(对方给你的具体帮助) I fear that I would have been_.(没有对方帮助的结果),Everyone agrees that it was you who _.(给出细节),Again, I wo
21、uld like to express my warm thanks to you! Please,accept my gratitude.,Yours sincerely，,Li Hua,例,假设你是李华，李萍是你在北京的好朋友，今年暑假你去北京游玩时，她给了你很多的帮助，热情款待了你，带你参观了北京的名胜古迹。请根据以下提示内容，给她写一封信，表达你对她的感谢。内容包括：,1感谢的原因；,2具体帮助的细节；3表达感谢。,Dear Li Ping，,_,Yours sincerely，,Li Hua,范文欣赏,Dear Li Ping，,How is everything with you?
22、 Im writing to thank you for your,warm reception during my visit to Beijing this summer holiday.(感 谢的原因),During the visit, I stayed at your home, and you cooked three delicious meals for me.You showed me around quite a few places of interest, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and the Summer
23、 Palace.Besides, you took many beautiful photos of me. Whats more, you went shopping with me.I really had a wonderful time.Another thing that I should mention is that your parents were,so kind to drive us.(具体帮助的细节),Thank you for your kindness again and give my best regards,to your parents.(再次感谢),You
24、rs sincerely，,Li Hua,四、投诉信题型特点,在生活中，通常用写投诉信的方式解决诸如消费利益受损、,正常生活和工作受到干扰等问题。,投诉信通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明投诉的原因并表示遗憾；实事求是地阐述问题发生的经过，切记不要夸大其词；指出问题引起的后果；提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施，或者提出所希望的赔偿以及补救方式。其结构为：,交代要投诉的问题,投诉信 描述投诉的原因、问题的经过及产生的后果,提出解决方案,常用句式,1开头常用语,(1)I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at.我写此,信表达我对的不满。
25、,(2)Im.who bought.from your website several days ago.I am,writing to complain about. 我是几天前从你们的网站上购买了的我写信投诉,2主体部分常用语,(1)There is something wrong with.I bought.For one thing.;,for another thing.我买的有问题。首先其次,(2)I am completely disappointed to find.To improve the,situation, it is advisable for you to tak
26、e the following measures. 当我发现我彻底失望了。为了改进这种情况，建议你采取以下措施。,3结尾常用语,(1)I would be very delighted if you could consider my complaint seriously.I do hope.will be improved as soon as possible./I do hope you can give me a satisfactory reply as soon as,possible.Thank you for your consideration. 如果你能认真对待我的投诉，
27、我会非常高兴。我确实希望将会尽快得到改善。/ 我确实希望你可以尽快给我一个满意的答复。感谢你的体谅。(2)refund the cost and pay me damages.退回费用并赔,偿我的损失。,(3)I would like to have a refund (退款) or a replacement (更换),as soon as possible.我想尽快退款或更换。,(4)I hope you will give due attention to this matter. 我希望你,给予此事应有的重视。,黄金模板,Dear Sir/Madam，,My name is/Im _.
28、(自我介绍) I am writing to you forsomething/to tell you something about _(投诉的内容)_.(简述导致矛盾的事件) I _.(表达本人曾做过的努力) But _.( 投诉原因一)Besides, _.( 投诉原因二) To be frank，_.(客观的评论，以示诚恳) I dohope/I require that_.(表达本人期待的解决方案)Thank you for your time and kind consideration.(信件结尾常,用语),Yours，,_,例,假设你是李华，双十一期间你在某购物平台上购买了一条
29、连衣裙，作为顾客，你发现好几处不满意的地方。请你根据以下提示写一封信投诉商家表达对其服务的不满意。要点提示：,1发货迟，迟收十多天；,2裙子颜色本该是黑色，收到的却是灰色；3所选尺码为 S 码，错发 L 码；4提出理赔要求。注意：,1词数 100 左右；,2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。,Dear Sir/Madam,_,Yours,Li Hua,范文欣赏,Dear Sir/Madam,Im writing to you to make some complaints about the dress I,bought in your store the o
30、ther day.,To begin with, the color of the dress I ordered was black, but what I received was grey.In addition, what fits me is size S while the size of the dress I received was size L which is far larger for me.Worse still, the dress should have been received on December 5th.However, the date I got
31、it was more than ten days later.I think you should take full responsibility for it and pay for the postage.I insist that you give me a satisfactory reply.I do want you to change a new dress or give me my money back as soon as possible.,Yours, Li Hua,五、申请信题型特点,申请信有很多种，比如求职申请、加入某组织或活动的申请、报考申请、留学申请等，其目
32、的在于让对方了解自己的经验、能力、成就以及愿望等，所以个人情况的介绍应该是申请信的核心内容，应尽可能向对方说明本人的长处，以便留下好印象，获得面谈的机会。由于此类题目常有较多的文字提示，写作时除应注意格式上的要求外，也应注意审题全面，不能遗漏要点，并要注意人称和时态的变化，避免出现逻辑混乱。其结构为：,申请信,点明目的，自我介绍，点出信息来源详述个人优势，简述个人要求,表达感谢，简述获准后的打算，期待对方优,先考虑,常用句式,1开头常用语,(1)I learned on your website that. 我从你们的网站上得,知,(2)I am writing this letter to
33、recommend myself as a qualified,candidate for.我写信推荐自己为的合格人选。,(3)I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an,opportunity to.我写信给你是希望我可以获得一个的机会。,2主体部分常用语,(1)For one thing, I can help.For another thing, I can improve,my English, make more friends, and enrich my life.一方面，我能帮助另一方面，我能提高我的英语水平，结交更
34、多的朋友，并充实生活。,(2)I am confident that Im suitable for./Im qualified to,do./Im equal to (doing)我确信，我适合/我有做的资格/我能胜任(做) ,3结尾常用语,(1)I would appreciate it if I have the chance of doing/to do.如,果我有做的机会，我将不胜感激。,(2)Should you offer me an interview, I would be most,grateful.Looking forward to your reply soon.如果
35、你能给我提供面试的机会，我将非常感激。期待你的早日答复。,黄金模板,模板一,Dear Sir/Madam，,Im_.( 简 单 自 我 介 绍 ) When I was reading theadvertisement，_.(表达看到相关广告后的感受) I thinkits a good opportunity for me to _.( 应 聘 的 原 因 ),Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.,I _.( 陈 述 本 人 的 性 格 优 势 ) For one thing, I can_.( 陈述本人特长一) Fo
36、r another thing, I can _.(陈述本人特长二),Please contact me at _(你的联系方式一：电话号码)Or e-mail me at_(你的联系方式二：电子邮箱地址),I am looking forward to your early reply.,Yours sincerely,Li Hua,模板二,Dear Sir/Madam，,Im_.(自我介绍) Im writing to apply for the position_.( 说 明 写 信 目 的 ) I really want to obtain this preciousopportuni
37、ty because_.(说明自己为什么很想得到这次宝贵机会)Besides，_.(分层次说明自己的优势),I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.Iwill be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.,Looking forward to your reply.(表达期望),Yours truly，,Li Hua,例,假设你是李华。你打算高中毕业后申请英国剑桥大学(University of Cambridge)的教育学专业。请你给剑桥大学招生办公
38、室写一封电子邮件。内容包括：,1自我介绍；,2询问对申请人英语方面的要求；3询问提交申请的起止时间。注意：,1词数 100 左右；,2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；,3邮件的结尾已给出，不计入总词数。,Dear Sir/Madam，,_,Looking forward to your reply!,Yours sincerely，,Li Hua,范文欣赏 Dear Sir/Madam，Im Li Hua, a senior high school student from China and Ill graduate in June.I have been dreaming of being
39、 a student in University of Cambridge, and I plan to major in education.,Im,wondering what,the,admission requirements,for,international applicants are.Ill have learned English for six years upon graduation, but I need to know what kinds of tests of the English language are required for applicants.I
40、scored well in TOEFL one year ago, but is that enough?Whats more, would you please tell me what materials I should submit? Besides, when do you begin to accept applications and what is the deadline for them?Looking forward to your reply!Yours sincerely，Li Hua,六、道歉信题型特点,道歉信是因过失或疏忽做错了事，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后
41、为了给对方赔礼道歉而写的信件。其结构为：,表明写作意图，对某事表示歉意,道歉信 说明道歉的具体原因,再次表明歉意，请求谅解，并提出补救措施,常用句式,1开头常用语,(1)I am writing this letter to apologize to you for.我写这封信,是因向你道歉。,(2)I am writing to express/convey my deepest apology to you.,我写信向你表达我深深的歉意。,2主体部分常用语,(1)Much to my regret, I was unable to.and I wish that my,apology co
42、uld help to some extent.很遗憾，我不能够希望我的道歉在某种程度上能起到作用。,(2)I,remember,we,planned,to.but,now,because.I,cannot.with you as planned.我记得我们原本计划但是现在由于我不能与你如期3结尾常用语(1)Once again, Im sorry for any inconvenience caused.对于造成的任何不便我再次表示歉意。(2)I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in myposition and accept my
43、 apologies.我衷心地希望你能够站在我的角度考虑一下，并接受我的道歉。,黄金模板Dear_，I am sorry to tell you that_.(陈述道歉原因)Now I am writing you this letter of an apology to show my deepregret.,I,hope,you,will,understand,me,and,excuse,me,for_.( 请 求 对 方 原 谅 的 事 由 ) The reason for mydelay/absence is/was that_.( 解 释 道 歉 原 因 )Therefore, _.,I sincerely hope that you can accept my apology andunderstand it. I would appreciate your allowing me to,
