1、计算机专业英语,王玲 E-MAIL:,计算机专业英语 ,Unit One Computer Fundamental Unit Two Hardware Component Unit Three The Operating System Unit Four Database Management Software Unit Five Network technology Unit Six Graph and Image Processing and Animation Design,目 录,Introduction and Development of Computer,Lesson One T
2、he Computer SystemLesson Two Evolution of ComputersLesson Three System Components of Computers,UNIT ONE,计算机专业英语 ,Lesson One The Computer System,In order to use computers effectively to solve problems in our environment, computer systems are devised. A system implies a good mixture of integrated part
3、s working together to form a useful whole. Computer systems may be discussed in two parts that include both hardware and software.,UNIT ONE,计算机专业英语 ,in order to为了effectivelyadv.有效地solvevt.解决environmentn.环境，外界devise vt.设计，作出（计划）；n.遗赠imply vt.暗示，意味mixture n.混合，混合物integrate vt.使成整体；v.结合form n.形式，外形；v.形
4、成，构成be discussed in 被分为include vt.包含，包括bothand 不但而且； 既又,计算机专业英语 ,The physical components of a computerthe processor, memory, input devices, and output devicesare its hardware. You can see them, touch them, and feel them. physical components,计算机专业英语 ,物理元件,Software is a general term for programs. Soft
5、ware, in contrast, can not be seen, touched, or felt. It is a series of instructions that guides a computer through some process. Computer software can be divided into two very broad categoriessystems software and applications software.,计算机专业英语 ,term n.学期，术语in contrast 相反，大不相同a series of 一连串的instruc
6、tion n.指示，指令guide n.向导；vt.带领；vi.任向导process n.过程，步骤；vt.加工，处理be divided into 被分成broad adj.宽的；adv.宽阔地；n.宽阔部分categories n.种类，别,计算机专业英语 ,The former is often simply referred to as systems. These, when brought into internal memory, direct the computer to perform tasks.,计算机专业英语 ,refer to 谈及，提到，涉及bring into
7、使开始direct adj.直接的；adv.直接地；v.指引perform vt.执行，表演；v.完成任务task n.任务，作业；v.分派任务,计算机专业英语 ,The latter may be provided along with the hardware by a systems supplier as part of a computer product designed to answer a specific need in certain areas. Application programs also allow you to perform such tasks as s
8、olving statistical problems, keeping your companys books or playing a computer game.,计算机专业英语 ,provide v.供应，准备along with 连同一起supplier 供应者，厂商answer n.答案；v.响应，符合specific n.细节；adj.特殊的，明确的certain adj.确定的，某一个；pron.某些areas n.区域，范围allow vt.允许，承认statistical adj.统计的，统计学的,计算机专业英语 ,Well, how a computer works? L
9、ets use the system pictured in Fig.1.1 to illustrate how a typical computer works.,Program,解释,说明,典型的,计算机专业英语 ,A computer is controlled by a stored program; thus, the first step in using the machine is copying the program from diskette into memory. Now, the processor can begin executing instructions.
10、 Input data from the keyboard are stored in memory. The processor manipulates the data, storing the results back into memory. Finally, the results are output.,计算机专业英语 ,thus adv.因而，从而step n.脚步, 步骤, 措施, 台阶；v.走, 举步frominto 从到diskette n.磁盘execute 执行，完成keyboard 键盘manipulate vt.操作，处理,计算机专业英语 ,Translate th
11、e following into English.硬件软件数据电子脉冲系统软件应用软件图表操纵杆算法瞬间的,计算机专业英语 ,英语口语练习材料,1.Saying is easy. Doing is difficult.说起来容易，做起来难。2.Seeing is believing.眼见为实。3.Speaking in public is a challenge to a lot of people. 对许多人来说，公众演讲一大挑战。 4.Losing someone you love is a painful experience. 失去你深爱的人是非常痛苦的遭遇。 。5.Lying is
12、a bad habit.说谎是一个坏习惯。6.Getting daily exercise is important.每天锻炼很重要。7.Parking is prohibited here.此地禁止停车。8.Raising children is a big responsibility. 养育孩子是一项重大责任。9.Walking in the rain is romantic.雨中漫步很浪漫。,计算机专业英语 ,Calculating Device Hands The abacus Computer,算盘,计算,计算机专业英语 ,Lesson Two Evolution of Compu
13、ters,A computer is a fast and efficient digital information processing system. It can accept, store, and process data and produce output results. Its one of the greatest inventions in science and technology in the 20th century. It has had a long and deep social impact on human life and production.,影
14、响,计算机专业英语 ,Several computer generations occur in the history. The first digital computer ENIAC was invented in 1946. It marked the beginning of the first computer phasemainframe phase. In fact, mainframes have had four generations of products, which are characterized by vacuum tubes, transistors, sm
15、all and medium scale IC and super LSI circuits respectively.,计算机专业英语 ,occur vi.发生，出现mark n.标志；v.做标记phase/stage 阶段vacuum tubes 真空管transistor 晶体管small and medium scale IC 中小规模集成电路super LSI circuits 超大规模集成电路respectively adv.分别的，各自地,First-generation computerscame out in 1950The concepts of stored progra
16、ms, random access. They made a basic model of modern electronic computers.,Second-generation computersIn 1960, the second generation of computers was developed and these could perform work ten times faster than their predecessors. The reason for this extra speed was the use of transistors instead of
17、 vacuum tubes. The transistor meant more powerful, more reliable, and less expensive computers that would occupy less space and give off less heat than did vacuum-tube-powered computers.,ten times faster than倍数表示法a主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ 形容词（副词）比较级+ than.b主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+ as + adj. + asc主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ the size (
18、amount，length.) of.d还可以用by+倍数，表示增加多少倍,predecessor n.前辈，前任instead of 代替powerful adj.强大的，有力的reliable adj.可靠的，可信赖的occupy vt.占，占用give off 发出,In addition, the second-generation computers were given auxiliary storage, sometimes called external or secondary storage. Data were stored outside the computer on
19、 either magnetic tapes or magnetic disks. Using magnetic tapes or magnetic disks for input and output operations increased the speed of the computer.,in addition 另外auxiliary storage 辅助存储器external adj.外部的；n.外部magnetic tapes 磁带magnetic disks 磁盘increase n.增加，增长；vt.&vi.增加,Third-generation computersAppea
20、red on market in 1965 These computers could do a million calculations a second, which is 1000 times as many as first-generation computers. concurrently,并行地,Fourth-generation computersFrom 1971 to the present,1. A computer processes into . a. information/data c. facts/data b. data/information d. info
21、rmation/facts2. The fourth generation of computers . a. use transistors b. use LSI-transistors c. are characterized by significant technological breakthroughs in artificial intelligence d. use vacuum tubes,b,c,3. The third-generation computers appeared on market in . a. 1963 b. 1965 c. 1967 d. 19694
22、. There are computer generations occur in the history. a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 55. The basic building block of a modern computer is a . a. chip b. transistor c. tube d. switch,b,c,a,To go to heaven Sunday school teacher: hands up, all those who want to go to heaven what about you, Terry? You havent got yo
23、ur hand up, dont you want to go to heaven? Terry: I cant. My mum told me to go straight home.,英语幽默笑话,A computer is a machine whose function is to accept data and process them into information. A digital computer system is mainly composed of four parts: the Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, inpu
24、t device and output device.,Lesson One The Computer System,function n.功能；vi.运行accept vi.同意；vt.接受，认可process n.过程，步骤；vt.加工，处理mainly adv.大体上，主要地compose v.组成,Input deviceThe keyboard,mouse, touch screen, light pen, bar codes which are widely used by supermarkets, microphone for voice input, and so on.,O
25、utput device the display screenOutput devices also play important roles in a computer system. They can tell the processing results and warn users where their programs or operations are wrong. But the image displayed on a screen is temporary; a more permanent copy of the output can be obtained by sen
26、ding it to a printer. The most common printers are impact printer, inkjet printer and laser printer.,play important role 扮演重要角色warn vt.警告，注意Temporary adj.暂时的，临时的Permanent adj.永久的obtain vt.获得，得到impact printer 针式打印机inkjet printer 喷墨打印机laser printer 激光打印机,Host In a microcomputer, CPU (also called micro
27、processor) and main memory are generally called a host. Whether the level of micros is high or low is mainly suggested by the run-speed of microprocessors and the storage capacity of main memory. The higher the level is, the bigger the speed and the larger the storage capacity is.,The basic componen
28、t of a modern computer is a chipa complex, integrated electronic circuit etched on a tiny square of silicon no bigger than a fingernail. Since loose chips are fragile and difficult to handle, they are normally packaged and mounted on integrated circuit boards.,complex adj.复杂的，合成的etch v.蚀刻tiny adj.很少的，微小的silicon n.硅fingernail n.手指甲loose adj.不牢固的；adv.松散地fragile adj.易碎的，脆的package 包,
