1、Unit,6,Health and Fitness,Book 4,Think and Discuss,Viewing the World,Exploring the Theme,Analytical Listening,Sharing Your Ideas,Engaging,Further Listening,Content,Think and Discuss,Unit 6 Health and Fitness,Questions,Without a rope, a rock climber climbs up a wall in Yosemite National Park in the U
2、nited States.,1. Think of activities such as rock climbing that require extreme fitness. How do people prepare to do these activities?2. What can you do to cheer yourself up when you feel sad or are facing a stressful situation?,Example AnswersTo prepare for activities such as rock climbing, people
3、train and eat only nutritious foods. Training can include strength training such as weight lifting, cardio training such as hiking and running, and actual practice with the activity itself gradually increasing the duration and difficulty level.,Questions,1. Think of activities such as rock climbing
4、that require extreme fitness. How do people prepare to do these activities?,Example AnswersWhen Im sad or facing a stressful situation, I can talk to a friend or family member about my feelings. I can also take care of myself by eating good food and getting enough sleep. Exercise and meditation are
5、also good ways to relax and improve my mood.,Questions,2. What can you do to cheer yourself up when you feel sad or are facing a stressful situation?,Exploring the Theme,Unit 6 Health and Fitness,Health and Fitness,Georgia Tech Research Institute: a non-profit research institute in Georgia which aim
6、s to solve tough problems for government and industry 佐治亚技术研究所,A | Look at the photos and read the captions. Then discuss the questions.,This steel room at Georgia Tech Research Institute is used to measure indoor air pollution that can affect our health. Small amounts of dangerous chemicals can be
7、released from surprising sources including desks, electronics, and clothing.,Health and Fitness,A warning sign tells people to stay away from a building in Zambia where the government stores DDT. The chemical can be deadly if mishandled, but it can also be used to kill dangerous bugs.,Health and Fit
8、ness,Rock climbing is more popular than ever before. These rock climbers stop on the side of a mountain as they take a break from their climbing.,Health and Fitness,A man is doing yoga on Wharaiki Beach in New Zealand.,Health and Fitness,Discuss the questions.1. What is the steel room used for?2. Ho
9、w can chemicals such as DDT affect your health?3. Where is it possible to go rock climbing? What kinds of equipment would you need?4. Have you ever tried yoga? What are the health benefits of practicing yoga regularly?,Health and Fitness,Example AnswersThe steel room is used to measure indoor air po
10、llution.,Health and Fitness,1. What is the steel room used for?,Health and Fitness,2. How can chemicals such as DDT affect your health?,Example AnswersChemicals could have negative effects such as causing illness. However, chemicals could also be used to help control diseases such as malaria.,Exampl
11、e AnswersPeople can go rock climbing anywhere there are mountains or rocky bluffs. Some rock climbers such as the man in the picture on page 81 do not use special equipment. Other climbers use lot of special equipment including climbing ropes, harnesses, gloves, chalk (to keep your hands dry when cl
12、imbing), carabiners (to connect your harness to anchors on the rock face), and more.,Health and Fitness,3. Where is it possible to go rock climbing? What kinds of equipment would you need?,Example Answers Yes, I have tried yoga. No, I have not tried yoga. The health benefits of yoga include increasi
13、ng ones balance, strength, and flexibility, as well as learning to relax and handle stress in a healthy way.,Health and Fitness,4. Have you ever tried yoga? What are the health benefits of practicing yoga regularly?,Analytical Listening,Unit 6 Health and Fitness,Listening 1,seminar n. 专题研讨会pesticide
14、 n. 杀虫剂flame-retardant n. 阻燃剂 a. 阻燃的lead n. 铅chip v. 掉碎片flake v. 成片（剥落）swordfish n. 剑鱼mercury n. 汞，水银pollutant n. 污染物persist v. 继续存在power plant n. 发电厂in moderation （饮酒或吸烟等）有节制地，适度地text v. 发短信radiation n. 辐射物；放射物headset n. （带有麦克风的）耳机,Listening 1,Critical Thinking FocusAsking Questions for Further Res
15、earchWhen we read or hear about a new topic, we may want more information or want to learn about another point of view. When we want to do further research on a topic, we can ask these questions.What additional information would I like to know?What other sources might have information about this top
16、ic?Later, we can do research to answer our own questions.,Predicting Content. With a partner, look at the photo and read the caption. Then discuss the questions below.,Listening 1,Household products such as detergents ( 洗涤剂) and perfumes can contain dangerous chemicals. Scientists test this mans rea
17、ctions to different chemicals by spraying them into the box around his head.,Predicting Content.,Listening 1,1. How do you think chemicals in household products affect a persons health?2. What dangers in food or the environment could affect a persons health?,Listening 1,Example AnswersChemicals in h
18、ousehold products might cause allergic reactions, skin conditions, and over time, perhaps more serious diseases.,1. How do you think chemicals in household products affect a persons health?,Listening 1,Example AnswersDangers in food or the environment that could affect a persons health include chemi
19、cals used to purify drinking water, chemicals released into the air and water by manufacturers, artificial colors or flavors in foods and drinks, and pollution from burning fuel used in cooking and heating, etc.,2. What dangers in food or the environment could affect a persons health?,A | Listening
20、for Main Ideas. Read the questions and answer choices. Then listen to a question and answer session that followed a lecture on health and choose the correct answers.,A Question and Answer Session,Listening 1,1. How dangerous are PBDEs to human health?a. Small amounts cause health problems mostly in
21、children.b. Small amounts probably do not cause any serious health problems.c. Small amounts are linked to several serious diseases in adults.,b,A | Listening for Main Ideas.,Listening 1,2. How dangerous is lead paint to human health?a. It is a threat to the health of children.b. It is not a serious
22、 health risk for humans.c. It is mainly a problem for people who are sick.,a,A | Listening for Main Ideas.,Listening 1,3. How much swordfish and tuna does Dr. Wallace think is OK to eat?a. He recommends eating no swordfish or tuna at all.b. He recommends eating swordfish and tuna in moderation only.
23、c. He recommends eating as much swordfish and tuna as you want.,b,A | Listening for Main Ideas.,Listening 1,4. Which statement is true about the danger of cellphone radiation?a. Cell-phone radiation has caused cancer in people and rats.b. Cell-phone radiation is not a threat to human health.c. Diffe
24、rent studies have come to different conclusions about cell-phone radiation.,c,B | Note-Taking. Listen again and complete the outline with information from the question and answer session.,I. PBDEs 1. Impact on health: High amounts can cause health problems in _ 2. Dr. W. suggests: For small amounts
25、in humans, _II. Lead paint 1. Impact on health: Small amounts of it can cause _ 2. Dr. W. suggests: _ _,Listening 1,laboratory animals,dont worry about them,brain damage in children,Make sure paint is not chipping; move to a new home,III. Mercury 1. Impact on health: Permanent damage to _ _ 2. Dr. W
26、. suggests: Eat fish _IV. Cell phones 1. Impact on health: Driving and using a cell phone can lead to _ 2. Radiation from cell phones _ _ 3. Dr. W. suggests: _ _ _,Listening 1,memory and ability to learn,in moderation,accidents,has caused brain cancer in rats,Turn off cell phones while driving; dont
27、 send text messages while driving; use a headset,Listening 1,A | Discussion. Form a group with another pair of students. Look at the photo and read the information. Then discuss the questions below.,David Ewing Duncan had tests to find out what chemicals were in his body. He found out that he was ca
28、rrying many compounds, including 16 types of pesticides. The compounds come from foods, drinks, and even frying pans.,Listening 1,1. If you had a chance to talk to Dr. Wallace, what health-related questions would you ask him?2. Would you like to be tested for chemicals? Why or why not? What types of
29、 chemicals do you think scientists would find?3. What are some lifestyle changes you could make to allow fewer chemicals inside your body?,Listening 1,Example AnswersI would ask Dr. Wallace about the danger of pesticides in our food; the effects of eating genetically-modified (GM) foods; the effects
30、 of breathing polluted air; and the risks from eating low-quality oils and fats such as “trans fats”.,1. If you had a chance to talk to Dr. Wallace, what health-related questions would you ask him?,Listening 1,Example Answer 1I would like to be tested for chemicals because it might encourage me to b
31、e more careful about my future exposure to dangerous substances.,2. Would you like to be tested for chemicals? Why or why not? What types of chemicals do you think scientists would find?,Listening 1,Example Answer 2I wouldnt like to be tested for chemicals because anything they found would make me w
32、orry, and worrying isnt good for my health. If I were tested for chemicals, scientists might find flame-retardants (from carpeting, upholstery fabric, and clothing), pesticides from food, and mercury from eating fish.,2. Would you like to be tested for chemicals? Why or why not? What types of chemic
33、als do you think scientists would find?,Listening 1,Example AnswersI could buy more organically grown fruits and vegetables; go outside to exercise very early in the morning before the traffic gets bad; and use natural products for cleaning myself and my house.,3. What are some lifestyle changes you
34、 could make to allow fewer chemicals inside your body?,Listening 1,Critical Thinking Focus Using an Outline to Take Notes Using an outline can help us take organized and clear notes. In an outline, we can indicate main ideas with Roman numerals (I, II, III) and capital letters (A, B, C), and details
35、 with Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3).,Announcer: Everyone, I just want to thank Dr. Wallace again for being the first guest speaker in our Healthline series. We hope that this is the first of many seminars about healthy living in todays world.Dr. Wallace: It was my pleasure to be here. Announcer: So, now
36、 youve heard what Dr. Wallace has to say about pesticides and how they relate to our health and the environment. Lets open the floor up for questions. We would appreciate hearing from you. I think we have our first question. Go ahead, sir. Male Speaker 1: OK. Heres my question. Dr. Wallace, I heard
37、that flame-retardants are now turning up in the human body. Is this true, and if so, how dangerous are those chemicals?,To be continued ,Listening 1,Dr. Wallace: All right. Well, flame-retardantswhich are chemicals that make products difficult to burnare added to just about any product that can burn
38、, and they save hundreds of lives a year in the United States alone. Unfortunately, one family of flame-retardant compounds called PBDEs have been showing up in the blood of humans, but little is known about their impact on our health. In high amounts, they have caused health problems in laboratory
39、animals. However, it looks as though the small amounts of PBDEs that normally accumulate in the human body arent worth worrying about.Announcer: Thank you, Doctor. We have another question. The woman in the third row. Go ahead.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Female Speaker 1: Hi, Dr. Wallace. Im a mot
40、her of two young children, and I recently moved into anew apartment. I just found out that the walls are painted with lead paint. What should I do?Dr. Wallace: Well, its known that even very small amounts of lead can cause brain damage in children. If the paint is chipping or flaking, call your land
41、lord. Its his or her responsibility to fix the problem. Another good option is to move, but if you cant, at least make sure that your children arent exposed to paint chips or dust.Announcer: That sounds like good advice. Lets take another question. OK, go ahead.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Male Spe
42、aker 2: Hello, Doctor. I eat a lot of seafoodespecially swordfish and tuna. Is there any danger to me from mercury in those fish?Dr. Wallace: Mercury is a very dangerous pollutant which persists for a long time in the environment. It needs to be taken seriously because mercury poisoning can permanen
43、tly damage memory and our ability to learn. Coal-burning power plants are a major source of mercury. It gets into the water and into the bodies of the smallest animals first. These small animals are eaten by larger ones, which are then eaten by even larger ones, and so on up the food chain.,To be co
44、ntinued ,Listening 1,Dr. Wallace: Large fish at the top of the food chain, such as tuna and swordfish, accumulate high amounts of mercuryand pass it on to people who eat seafood. Now, it doesnt appear that traces of mercury in the blood are a serious problem, but I could be wrong. Eating too much of
45、 those fish could raise the amount of mercury in your body to a dangerous level, so I would advise you to eat them in moderationmeaning a reasonable amount.Announcer: Well, it looks like we have time for one more question. The lady in the red shirt. Go ahead. Female Speaker 2: Hello and thanks for t
46、aking my question. What Im concerned about is my constant cell-phone use. Could it have a negative impact on my health?,To be continued ,Listening 1,Dr. Wallace: Thats an interesting question and one Im sure many are concerned about. One common concern is the danger of driving and using a cell phone
47、 at the same time. Cell phones take our attention off the road, and that can lead to accidents. The solution to that problem is simple: turn off your cell phone while driving, and dont ever text message while driving. Another concern has to do with radiation. For those of you who arent familiar with
48、 thisradiation is energy that certain machines and some substances produce. Large amounts of radiation can be dangerous. Cell phones send information using radiation, so naturally were exposed to that radiation when we use our phone.,To be continued ,Listening 1,Dr. Wallace: Cell-phone radiation has
49、 caused brain cancer in rats, but its danger to humans is difficult to assess. Some studies have indicated that cell phones are safe, but some other studies seem to link cell-phone radiation with brain cancer in humans, especially in people who have been using cell phones for a decade or longer. Im
50、not altogether sure that you can eliminate radiation exposure from cell phones, but people who are concerned about it can reduce the risk by using a headset. This keeps the phone away from your head and exposes you to less radiation.Announcer: Im afraid thats all the time we have. Thanks very much, Dr. Wallace, for the information and advice. Well see you all at next months seminar about organic foods.,
