1、成才之路 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版 选修7 （通用本）,Under the sea,Unit 3,1.1.1集合的概念,Section Warmingup; Prereading, Reading & Comprehending,1.1.1集合的概念,Unit 3,.词汇过关1音意记忆(1)/wrtnIs/_(vt.)当场见到；目击(n.)目击者；证人；证据(2)/_(n.)岸；海滨(3)/pzIt/_(prep.)在对面(adj.)相对的；相反的(4)/pz/_(vi.& n)暂停；中止(5)/fli/_(vi.)逃避；逃跑(vt.)逃离(6)/drg/_(vt.)拖；拉
2、；扯(7)/ bndn/_(vt.)放弃；遗弃；抛弃,witness,shore,opposite,pause,flee,drag,abandon,2形意记忆(1)annual(adj.)每年的；按年度计算的(n.)年刊；年鉴_(adv.)一年一次地(2)accommodation(n.)住所；住宿_(vt.)为提供住宿(3)depth(n.)深(度)；深处_(adj.)深切的；深的_(vt.)加深(4)urge(vt.)催促；极力主张；驱策_(adj.)紧急的；急迫的,annually,accommodate,deep,deepen,urgent,.短语自查1在开始时_ 2听说_3整理_4在
3、前面_5race after_6in the meantime_7hold(.) up_8help(.) out_,at the beginning ofhear of/aboutsort outahead of追赶在此期间，与此同时举起帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难,.经典句式1_the afternoon I arrived at the station, _ I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise _ _ _ _.有天下午，我来到捕鲸站，正在找住处的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。2I had already he
4、ard that George didnt like _ _ _， so_ _ I didnt have the right clothes on, I _ _him.我以前就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没有穿上合适的衣服，就跟在他后面跑起来。,3I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom_ _ _ _， _ _ _ _.我朝水里望去，可以看到老汤姆就在渔船旁边游着，为我们指路。答案：1.On; as; coming from the bay2being kept waiting; even though; raced afte
5、r3swimming by the boat; showing us the way,.语篇理解The story was about how the 1._ helped whalers catch the huge whales. And it was when the writer was working at the whaling station that he 2._ it with his own eyes.,Old Tom, one of the killers often led George, the writer and other whalers to the spot
6、，where a 3._ of six or seven killers were 4._ a whale. While some were 5._ themselves on top of the whales blowhole to stop it 6._ , others are stopping it 7._ out to sea. And finally, when the whaler killed the whale with a harpoon, they 8._ the dead whale down into the 9._ of the sea and ate up it
7、s lips and tongue. After 24 hours, they brought it to the surface，waiting for the whalers to bring in the body.,It was astonishing to know old Tom and other killers never harmed or attacked people; instead, they helped and saved them when they were in trouble. For example，when James was once 10._ th
8、e boat and struggled in the water, it was Old Tom that held him up in the water until the whalers got the boat back to James.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._,答案：1.killers2.witnessed3.pack4.attacking5.throwing6.breathing7.fleeing8.dragged9.depths10washed off,1.happen vi.碰巧；巧遇；(偶然)发生(发生在某人身上时，常用介词to)An ac
9、cident happened to him.他出事了。It happened that I had no money with me at that time.I happened to have no money with me at that time.碰巧当时我没带钱。,知识拓展sth. happens to sb.某人出了某事sb. happens to do某人碰巧做某事It happened/happens that碰巧做某事as it happens/happened恰巧；碰巧happen on sth.偶然发现某物Last night a terrible accident
10、happened to Tom. I happened to see it.昨天晚上汤姆出了车祸。我碰巧看到了这起事故。We met him only yesterday, as it happened.我们只是在昨天才与他偶然相遇的。,比较网站happen指那些偶然的或未能预见的事情。多用于偶然或突发性事件。take place指某事按计划进行或发生。此外还有“举行”之意。occur偶然发生，其意义相当于happen；还可指“想起，想到”。break out常指战争、灾难、疾病或争吵等突然爆发。,come about多指事情已经发生，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句中，尤其指争论、差别
11、等。The evening party will take place next Sunday.晚会将在下周日举行。Doctors were sent to the earthquakehit area to offer medical help in case any disease broke out.医生被派往地震灾区提供医疗帮助以防发生疾病。Ill never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.我永远不会明白你怎么会一周迟到三次。Did it occur to you that he h
12、ad a gift for music?你可曾想到他有音乐天赋？,活学活用(1)完成句子She _to be at home when I visited her mother.A crazy idea_to the little girl.How did it_about that he knew where we were?Last night a terrible fire_in the factory.Great changes_in our country in the past few years.答案：happenedoccurredcomebroke outhave taken
13、 place,(2)The accident_to the woman who_to be a foreigner, so it is hard to deal with.Aoccurred; happenedBhappened; occursCcame about; occurredDoccurs; happened答案：A句意为“出事故的碰巧是一位外国女士，因此很难处理此事”。根据句子结构，主句谓语可用occur to sb.happen to sb.“发生在某人身上”，但是不可以用不及物动词短语come about，因此排除C项。根据句意及语法应该选择A项。,(3)Its already
14、 10 oclock I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.Acame overBcame outCcame aboutDcame up答案：C句意为“都10点了，我很奇怪这么短的路程她怎么会迟到两个小时”，“how it_”应该是“怎么会发生”的意思。come over“过来”；come out“出来，生长”；come up“过来，出现”；come about“发生”，所以应该选择C项。,2witness vt.当场见到；目击n目击者；证人；证据The early 21st century wit
15、nessed increasing unemployment in the world.21世纪初期见证了世界性增长的失业率。He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.他作证说他看到那个人进入了房间。Taierzhuang, in Shandong province, has been witnessed to a heroic spirit and has been called a “live canal” by the World Tourism Organization.山东省的台儿庄见证了英雄精神，被世界旅游组织誉为“活着的
16、运河”。,知识拓展(1)witness sth.目击某事的发生witness to sth./doing sth.作证，证明某事/做某事(2)a witness to sth.某事的证人bear/give witness to sth.为某事作证；证明,活学活用(1)将下列句子译成汉语The witness who witnessed the accident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness._答案：这个目击了这次事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并答应做证人。,(2)Mr and Mrs Smith dream tha
17、t the beautiful sea will be a(n) _ to their romantic love.AapproachBaccessCwitnessDinvitation答案：C本题考查名词辨析。句意：史密斯夫妇梦想着美丽的大海将作为他们浪漫爱情的见证者。approach“方法”；access“接近、进入或使用(的权利或机会)”；witness“目击者，见证者”；invitation“邀请函”。根据句意，应选C。,(3)Theres no need for you to waste time trying to deny its your fault, because some
18、one has_the accident.AaskedBavoidedCguessedDwitnessed答案：Dask“询问，要求”；avoid“避免”；guess“猜测”；witness“目击，亲眼看到”。句意为“你没必要浪费时间否认你的错误，因为有人目击了这次事故”。根据句意应选择D项。,3accommodation n住所；住宿；办公处The hotel provides accommodation for up to 100 people.这家旅馆最多可为100人提供住宿。The building plans include much needed new office accomm
19、odation.建筑规划包括紧缺的新办公用房。,知识拓展(1)book accommodation at a hotel向旅馆预订房间arrange sb.s accommodation给某人安排住处(2)accommodate vt.为(某人)提供住宿，容纳This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.这家旅馆可供500位旅客住宿。温馨提示：在英式英语中，accommodation为不可数名词；而在美式英语中，accommodation为可数名词，常用复数形式。,活学活用(1)After the earthquake, the first thing
20、 the local government did was to provide _ for the homeless families.AaccommodationBoccupationCequipmentDfurniture答案：A本题考查名词辨析。句意：地震发生之后，当地政府所做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供食宿。accommodation“膳宿”；occupation“职业，占领”；equipment“设备，器材”；furniture“家具”。根据句意，应选A。,(2)Qingdao is a beautiful city popular with tourists in the
21、summer holiday, but it is a little difficult to find suitable_.AaccompanyBaccountCaccommodationDaccording答案：C本题考查名词辨析：accompany“陪伴，陪同”；account“帐目，陈述”；accommodation“住处，膳宿供应”；according“根据”。句意为“青岛是一个暑期深受旅游者喜爱的美丽城市，但找到合适的住处有点困难”。根据句意应选C项。,4shore n岸；海滨I long for a house on the shore of the sea.我一直向往能在海边有
22、一所房子。知识拓展go on shore上岸in shore近岸；靠岸offshore adj.& adv.近海(的)；离岸(的)The ship left an offshore island and some fishermen went on shore.轮船离开了近海的一座岛屿然后几个渔民上了岸。,比较网站bank多指有一定坡度的河岸、湖岸或堤岸。beach主要指接近海水较为平坦的地方，通常指涨潮时有水，退潮时无水的部分，其上往往覆盖有沙子或碎石(而不是泥土)，适合于游泳、日光浴或停靠小船等。coast指沿海狭长的陆地，尤指被视为边界的“海岸线”，通常只能指“海岸”，不指湖岸或河岸。s
23、hore指与海洋、江河水面相接的陆地，即“海岸、湖岸”，强调从陆地着眼来说明它与水面的衔接，一般前面不加限定词。,seaside指的是比较大范围的近海部分或附近的海边，尤指疗养地、浏览地区的海边。Last summer I took a holiday to a seaside town which is famous for its beautiful beach along the coast.去年夏天我去一个海滨城镇去度假，这里以沿海岸线的美丽海滩而闻名。,活学活用(1)根据句意选择shore, beach, coast, bank和seasideThe_was crowded with
24、 sunbathers.Beidaihe is a_city with agreeable climate.They sailed up the east_between the mainland and the island.At night, we tied the boat to a big tree by the river_near a village.The sailors were warned not to get into trouble while they were on_.答案：beachseasidecoastbankshore,(2)I packed my lugg
25、age and went on_without looking back at the sea.AshoreBbeachCbankDcoast答案：A本题考查名词辨析。shore指与江河湖海相接的陆地，范围较广；beach指“海滩”；bank指两边相对较高的陆地，不指海岸；coast多指沿海狭长的陆地，“海岸线”。句意为“我收拾好行李，然后上岸，没有回头看一眼大海”。由此可知C项不合适。又因此处没有冠词，go on shore“上岸”，故A项合适。,5opposite prep.在的对面；与相反adj.相对的；相反的n对立的人/物；对立面；反面The bank is opposite the
26、supermarket.银行在超市的对面。I watched them leave and then drove off in the opposite direction.我目送他们离去，然后开车向相反的方向驶去。Hot and cold are opposites.热和冷是对立面。,知识拓展be opposite to与相反；在对面oppose vt.反对；对抗opposition n反对；对抗；敌手opposed adj.反对的；对抗的She tried calming him down but it seemed to be having the opposite effect.她试着
27、让他平静下来，却似乎火上浇油了。,活学活用(1)补全句子街的对面有个花园。There was a garden _ _ _ _ _ the street.唯心论和唯物论是对立的。Idealism is _ _ materialism.答案：on the opposite side ofopposite from,(2)I thought the measures would work, but it had the_effect.AbetterBpracticalCoppositeDbasic答案：C本题考查形容词辨析。better“更好的”；practical“实际的，实用的”；opposi
28、te“相反的，相对的”；basic“基本的”。句意为“我认为这些措施会起作用，但效果却相反”。由此可知，C项符合题意。,6yell vi.大叫；呼喊n叫声；喊声She yelled at her naughty child.她对淘气的孩子大喊大叫。The boss is always yelling orders at his employees.这个老板总是对员工发号施令。The crowd let out a yell of excitement.人群发出一阵兴奋的叫喊声。,知识拓展yell at冲大喊yell out大声喊叫let out(give)a yell大喊一声yell for
29、help大声呼救yell with fury(pain, delight)发怒(痛得，乐得)大叫yell out an oath破口咒骂yell a warning高声警告yell the team to victory用喊声鼓励队员取胜yell ones head off大声叫喊,活学活用(1)用yell的适当形式完成句子She _ _ _ _(大喊一声) when she saw a snake._ _ _ _(不用朝我大喊大叫)，I can hear you.答案：let out a yellDont yell at me,(2)用适当的介词或副词填空Dont yell_me.Will
30、you boys stop yelling your heads_just outside my window?The man is yelling_help.They yelled_excitement.答案：atoffforwith,7pause vi/n.暂停；中止Without a pause/pausing the woman spoke for an hour.那位妇女一刻不停地讲了一小时。After the boy paused for a while, he continued running.男孩稍停了停，然后继续跑。After a short pause for some
31、water, they continued to walk ahead.稍微停了停喝了点水之后，他们继续朝前走。,活学活用(1)汉译英稍稍停顿一下后演讲者继续讲下去。_答案：After a brief pause the speaker continued.,(2)During the football match, the coach asked for a(n)_and tried to cheer his players up.AcauseBofferCchoiceDpause答案：D考查词汇辨析。cause“原因，事业”；offer“提供，(主动的)帮助”；choice“选择”；pau
32、se“暂停”。句意为“在足球比赛期间，教练叫了暂停以鼓舞队员的士气”。根据句意应选D项。,8head vi.朝方向移动；出发；动身；驶往They are heading home, hand in hand.他们手拉着手正朝家里走去。知识拓展(1)head for向(某处)行进head out离去；启程(2)head n头；头脑；智力；理解力bury ones head in the sand逃避现实keep ones head保持镇定have ones head in the clouds想入非非；做白日梦,They are heading for New York with confide
33、nce.他们满怀信心地朝纽约的方向进发。I have a long way to go before dark so Im going to head out.天黑前我还有很远的路要走，我得上路了。It is useless to have your head in the clouds all day long.整天做白日梦是没用的。She was able to keep her head in the crisis.她在这次危机中保持了清醒的头脑。If there is a war, you cannot bury your head in the sand.如果有了战争，你不能逃避现实
34、。,活学活用(1)补全句子你最好改变对目前局势的态度，因为逃避现实是不明智的。Youd better change your attitudes towards the present situation, because it is not wise to _ _ _ _ _ _.答案：bury your head in the sand,(2)The tall woman_straight for the teaching building, is an excellent English teacher popular with our school students.AheadingB
35、headedCheadsDbeing headed答案：A句意为“那个径直朝教学大楼走去的高个子女人是一位出色的英语老师，她深受我校学生的喜爱。”本题既考查head用法，又考查非谓语动词在句中作后置定语。分析句法可看出，woman和head之间是主动关系，所以应该用动词ing形式作定语，因此应选A项。,9dive vi.& n跳水(的动作)；潜水(的动作)；俯冲Throw your arms out in front of you as you dive.跳水时手臂迅速前伸。If you cant see the bottom, jump in, dont dive.如果水深不见底，跳进去时脚
36、先落水，不要俯冲下水。The goalkeeper made a spectacular dive to save the goal.守门员做了一个精彩的鱼跃动作救回一球。,知识拓展dive from/off从跳dive into跳入中；迅速向下进入diving board跳板diving suit潜水衣diver n潜水员；跳水者The diver wearing his diving suit dived from the divingboard into the water.这位跳水者身穿潜水衣从跳板上跳入水中。,活学活用完成下列句子(1)He _ _ _ _(从桥上跳入水中) and
37、rescued the drowning child.(2)He _ _ _ _ _(正要跳水) when he saw the shark.答案：(1)dived from the bridge(2)was just about to dive,10flee vi.逃避；逃跑vt.逃离The enemy troops fled in utter confusion.敌军狼狈逃窜。He fled to London after an argument with his family.他同家人争吵后离家去了伦敦。He fled his native village to join the Red
38、 Army.他(当年)逃离家乡加入了红军。,知识拓展flee from逃离某地During the civil war, thousands of people fled from the country.在内战期间，许多人逃离这个国家。,比较网站The enemy soldiers were fleeing in all directions, but few of them could escape.敌兵四处逃窜，但几乎没有人能逃脱。,活学活用(1)用flee，escape或run away的适当形式填空Two prisoners shot the guard and _ from the
39、 prison yesterday.Water _ rapidly from the pipe.He _ from his home when he was very young.He was caught trying to _ the country.答案：escaped/fledescapedran awayflee,(2)During the earthquake, many animals_from the zoo and some of them are unfound.AfledBescapedCrun awayDwalk答案：B本题考查动词辨析。flee侧重动作“逃走”；esc
40、ape“成功逃离”，侧重结果；run away侧重“不辞而别”；walk“步行”。句意为“在地震期间，动物园里的许多动物逃走了，一些现在也没找到”。由此可知，此处表示成功逃走。故B项符合题意。,11drag vt.拖；拉；扯The girl in low spirits dragged a big box to the station.那个情绪低落的女孩拖着大箱子朝车站走去。The man dragged his tired feet home.这个男人拖着沉重的步子回家了。知识拓展drag oneself out of bed硬撑着从床上爬起来drag sb. into doing sth.
41、硬拉某人做某事Youd better not drag him into climbing the mountain.你最好别硬拉他去爬山。,比较网站,图解助记drag与draw,活学活用(1)选词填空：pull, drag, drawThe little boy_his mother to go straight to the toy shop.Its dark. Please_the curtain across the window.The little boy_the heavy box out of a cupboard. It was really hard work.答案：pul
42、leddrawdragged,(2)完成句子She _ _ _ _ _， still half asleep.她挣扎着起了床，仍然睡眼惺忪。The bird walked slowly, _ _ _ _.那只鸟拖着一只翅膀缓慢移动。答案：dragged herself out of beddragging one wing along,12urge vt.催促；极力主张；驱策n强烈的欲望；冲动The report urged all the children to be taught to swim.这份报告极力主张教孩子游泳。He urged his horse forward.他策马前行。
43、I had a sudden urge to hit him.我突然很想揍他一顿。,知识拓展urge sb. to do sth.力劝某人干某事urge sth. on sb.向某人强调某事urge sb. into doing sth.催促/力劝某人做某事urge sb. on鼓励/激励某人，为某人加油have an urge to do/for sth.有做某事的强烈愿望urgent adj.紧迫的，紧急的urgency n紧迫，紧急Brown urged me to reconsider my decision.布朗极力主张我重新考虑我的决定。,I urged that she(shou
44、ld) read the report carefully.我催促她仔细看看这份报告。It is urged that we (should) take measures to protect the environment.有人主张我们应该采取措施保护环境。提示：urge作“极力主张，敦促，催促”解时，其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为“(should)动词原形”。,活学活用(1)补全句子I _ that she _ the invitation.我力劝她接受这个邀请。They forecasted the _ storm warning.他们预告了一场紧急风暴。答案：urged; (should) accepturgent,
