1、虚拟语气,1. To go over some basic knowledge of subjunctive mood.2. To do some exercises to master the grammar.,【学习目标】,虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)概念:一种表示愿望，建议，假设的语气，用来表示说的话不是事实，或者可能性很小的情况。,1.If he hadnt created the monster, his wife wouldnt have died.2.If I had one million now, I would donate it to poor peopl
2、e.3.If it should be fine tomorrow, I would go to climb the mountain.,if引导的条件句的虚拟语气：,虚拟语气动词形式对应,动词过去式（be的过去式一般用were）,would should + 动词原形could might,had +过去分词,would should +have+过去分词could might,1.动词过去式2.should +动词原形3.were to动词原形,would should +动词原形could might,【跟踪演练】,1.要是我上个学期努力学习英语的话，我就不会考试失败了。2.假如他今晚能
3、回来的话，他也许会给你一些建议。,If I had studied English hard last term, I wouldnt have failed the exam.,If he were to come back this evening, he might give you some advice.,3.要是我是你，我明天就向老师道歉。4.要是我是你 ，我就听老师的建议。,If I were you, I would apologize to the teacher tomorrow.,If I were you, I would follow the teachers adv
4、ice.,省略if的条件句需符合的条件：条件句的谓语动词有系动词were, 助动词had或should，可将if省略，而把were，had，should移到主语前。,if 条件句的省略和倒装,1.Were I you, I would try it again. 2. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.3. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,请看下例：,if 条件句的倒装if 溜，had, should, were句首走。,1._ to do the work,
5、 I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I,【跟踪演练】,2. _ difficulties, we would be successful. A. Should we overcomeB. Would we overcomeC. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome,3. _ the exam, he would have attended college. A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he pas
6、sed D. If he should pass,4. _ five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off.If you should arriveB. If you arriveC. Had you arrivedD. Should you arrive,找准时间 灵活对应,错综时间虚拟语气,1.If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 2.If he had not taken my advice, he wouldnt do it much better like t
7、his. 3. If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.,1.Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from that today.2.But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.3.Im glad that I went over all my notes; otherwise I would have failed the exam.,【跟踪演练】（熟读并体会其用法）,含蓄条件虚拟语气without,
8、 otherwise, or，but for,其他形式的虚拟句,【拓展延伸】,1.wish,wish + thatHow I wish,did/were 现在,had done 过去,would / might /could do 将来,(1)我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）I wish I remembered the address.,(2)要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）How I wish he had not left.(3)要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人已预料到明天不会下雨）I wish it would rain tomorrow.,2. as if /though +
9、 clause,现在：过去：将来 :,did /were,had done,would+动词原形,She loves the baby as if it were her own son.He speaks as if he had been to the United States.,3.表示“建议，命令，要求”等意义时，名词性从句用(should) 动词原形。(1)一坚持：insist(2) 二命令：order, command(3) 三要求：request, require, demand (4) 四建议：动词advise, suggest, propose, recommend (名词
10、advice, suggestion, proposal, recommendation),【注意】(1)suggest 意为“表明，暗示”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。(2)insist 意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。,【拓展延伸】,1.The doctor suggested that he (should） be operated on at once.2. His look suggested that he stayed up late yesterday.3.Tom insisted that he was innocent and be set free.,4.
11、would rather that,现在/将来：过去：,过去式,过去完成式,（1）I would rather you paid me now.（2）I would rather you had gone, too.（3）Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,【跟踪演练】（1）我真希望你告诉我真相。 Id rather you told me the truth. （2）我宁愿不再见到你。 Id rather I didnt see you again. （3）我倒希望他们和我一起去。 I would rather they went wit
12、h me.,5. Its (about/high) time +that,过去式,should +v.,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.,6.Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形如：It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refus
13、e to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.,【高考链接】1.(2012北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it _made of steel.A. is B. were C. has been D. had been【解析】选B。考查虚拟语气。句意：不要把那个花瓶当成是钢铁做的那样处理。as if引导的是状语从句，从句中用虚拟语气；与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，应用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中，常用were代替was。,2.(2012陕西高考)If my car_more reliable,
14、 I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. was B. had been C. should beD. would be【解析】选B。考查虚拟语气。句意：假如我的车再可靠点的话，去年夏天我就不会坐飞机而是自驾去拉萨了。根据时间状语last summer 可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。所以if从句用“had done”，主句用“would have done”。,1. The secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. had brought B. s
15、hould have brought C. brought D. bring2. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse. had tried B. hadnt tried C. have tried D. didnt try,【课堂训练】,3. He demanded that the laboratory report _ immediately after the experiment was done. was written B. be writtenC. must be written D. would be
16、 written4. If only I _ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. had known B. would know C. should know D. knew,5. I would have come earlier, but I _ that you were waiting for me. didnt know B. hadnt known C. would have known D. havent known6. It is really strange that Mary, who is still a co
17、llege student, _ so early. has been married B. has married C. be married D. would marry,7. The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given8. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _ your birthday party. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended,
