1、1Module 3 Unit 3 Back to the past 单元知识点1.take 的重要词组短语：1）take over 接管、占据2）take off 脱掉（衣帽等） 、切除（物） 、动身、 （飞机等）起飞、请（几天）假Take ones coat off. 脱去外衣Im taking off three days during May. 五月份我将会休假三天3）take off从（价格）中减去4）take on 雇用（某人） 、承担（工作） 、呈现、流行Took on more workers during the harvest. 在收获期间雇了更多的工人5）take out
2、取出6）take to 喜欢上（某人） 、开始（） 、养成的恶习Take to drink. 染上了酗酒的恶习7）take up 拿起、占有、开始、继续、 （车辆等）搭载（乘客） 、用尽，耗掉Lets take up where we left off. 让我们接着我们停下来的地方重新开始The extra duties took up most of my time. 额外工作耗费我大部分时间.8）take in 吸收、包括、了解、理解、欺骗、收留（某人）住宿、收缩，使变小或为变短Couldnt take in the meaning of the word. 不能够理解这个词的含义Was
3、taken in by a confidence artist. 被一名骗人的行家给骗了9）take back 取回（某物） 、收回（承诺等） 、归还She finally took back her words. 她最终收回了自己的话。10）take after（面貌、言行等）像（父母等长辈）11）take for把当作、误认为Do you take me for a fool? 你以为我是个傻瓜吗?Dont take silence for approval. 不要把沉默误认为是同意12) take ones time 别着急，慢慢来2. ruin 1）U 毁灭 ;崩溃;毁坏： the o
4、f civilization2）C 常用 pl. (建筑物的 )断垣残壁：the s of ancient Rome3）in ruins 成为废墟的、荒芜的4） bring to ruin 使毁灭5） fall in/into ruin = go to ruin 灭亡；荒芜6）vt. 使毁灭;毁坏：The heavy rain ruined our holiday. 大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。 The flood ruined the crops. 水灾毁坏了庄稼。使成废墟：The hurricane ruined all the houses here. 飓风使这里所有的房屋成为废墟。辨析
5、近义词：destroy 指彻底毁坏不能或很难修复。damage 指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复。2ruin 现在多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”3. stay、remain 和 keep 辨析1）表示“继续呆在某处”时，应该用不及物动词 remain 或 stay，例如：Shall I go or stay?Stay indoors for a few days until you recover from your cold.2）表示“暂住、短期停留”时，只能用不及物动词 stay。例如：He is staying at Hilton Hotel.My mo
6、ther-in-law stayed with us this week when she visited us.3）表示“残留、剩下”时，只能用不及物动词 remain，例如：Not much of the house remained after the fire.Of the seven brothers, only four now remain; the rest are dead.4）表示“继续保持或处于某种状态”时，应视具体情况进行选择：表示“继续保持或处于原来的状态”时，可用 remain 或 stay，例如：Three of them remained single.Shop
7、s should remain open till later in the evening.The door stayed closed.But the police themselves prefer to stay unarmed.表示“需要设法才能保持或处于某种状态”时，应用 keep，例如：She knew she must keep calm. I wish those children would keep quiet.Although they have many difficulties, they keep happy.Paul managed to keep awake
8、by drinking lots of strong black coffee.表示“使某人或某物保持某种状态”时，只能用及物动词 keep：She had kept him waiting twenty minutes on this occasion.4.imagine 想象，推测，设想1）直接加名词：I can imagine the scene clearly in my mind.2）加从句，用 what：I cannot imagine what to do in this dreadful situation.3）加动词 用分词形式即-ing：I cant imagine lyi
9、ng like that. I would go crazy.4）词组 imagine sb as 把某人认为成： He imagined himself as manager of the company.pure out 大量流出5. pure pure into 大量流入6. covervt. 1）覆盖, 遮盖：Snow covered the ground. 雪覆盖了大地。 be covered with 覆盖着(指状态)：The road is covered with fallen leaves.be covered by 被所覆盖(指动作)：In the earthquake,
10、he was covered by falling bricks.2）掩盖；控制, 支配：The city covered ten square miles. 这个城市面积有 10 平方英里。 33）涉及, 包含；报道；走完 n. 1）盖子, 套子, 覆盖物：A box usually has a cover. 箱子通常都有盖子。 2）(书等的) 封面、封皮：The book needs a new cover. 这本书需要装个新封面。3）隐藏物, 躲避处：The problem was that with their cover blown they had nowhere to go. 眼
11、前的问题是他们既无藏身之处, 又没有别的地方可去。4）伪装：The spys cover was that she was a consultant engineer. 那女间谍伪装成顾问工程师。 5）掩蔽, 掩护：For this operation we need plenty of air cover. 为进行这次军事行动, 我们需要充足的空中掩护。 6）(一副) 餐具 , 餐席(位) ：Covers were laid for eight. 摆好了八副餐具。7. off prep.用法：1）(表示位置) 在的外面, 在的沿海：The ship sank off the south co
12、ast of the island. 那艘船在岛的南岸沿海沉没。 2）(表示时间) 在之前：It is a few minutes off three oclock. 还有几分钟就三点了。 3）(表示方向) 从, 通向, 偏离, 从离开：He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上掉下来。 The kitchens off the dining room. 厨房通向餐厅。 He was off his seat. 他离开他的位子。 4）(表示比较) 低于, 不及：They are selling the bikes off the market price. 他们按低于市价卖出自
13、行车。 5）(表示否定) 不想, 不做：He is off tea. 他不想喝茶。 Shes off work with a bad cold. 她因患重感冒而不上班。 6）(表示来源) 从：He borrowed a pound off me. 他借我一英镑。 7）(表示依附) 依靠：This bear feeds off the leaves of the tree. 这只熊依靠这棵树的树叶生存。 adv. 用法1）离开：They drove off. 他们开车离开了。 2）脱落：Hes had his beard shaved off. 他把胡子剃掉了。 3）断开：The radio i
14、s off. 录音机是关着的。 4）光, 完：His money was off yesterday. 昨天他的钱用完了。 5）休息：We are off one day. 我们休息一天。 adj. 用法1）休息的; 闲散的; 安静的：The winter is an off season. 冬天是淡季。 42）不新鲜的：This fish has gone off. 这条鱼已不新鲜。8.involve 及物动词 vt.1）使参与, 牵涉：The demonstration involved 200 students. 有 200 名学生参加了这次示威游行。2）包含，牵涉；牵连；影响： inv
15、olve oneself with 和 混在一起、和有牵连involve sth. 包含、需要 Winning the game involves both skill and fortune. 3）包围，围住；笼罩：Clouds involve the mountain top.云雾笼罩着山顶。4）使专心于；使忙于；使从事于：to be involved in research 忙于研究9. remove from 从去除，清除，消除，撤离，移开take away 移开take off 脱掉get rid of 除掉、清除dismiss from 撤职move 搬家10. condition
16、“环境、情况、条件 ”，常用 pl.U“状态、状况”，但可与 a 连用 in good condition 健康状态良好in a terrible condition/ out of condition健康状态欠佳、不好“环境、情况”，其前的介词用 under / in：in no condition（健康状况，身体状况）不适宜做某事 Youre in no condition to tackle the stairs.你的身体不适宜爬楼梯。 on condition that “在条件下in a condition to do sth. 宜于做某事on no condition 在任何条件下
17、都不11. require n. / pron. 需要要求 sb. to do sth. 要求某人去做某事 doing/ to be done 要求做某事5 +从句：（用虚拟语气(should) + 动词原形）高中虚拟语气的 13 个单词：1）A：ask, advise2）D: demand, determine, decide, desire3）I: insist 坚持要求4）P: propose 建议5）O: order6）R: request, require, recommend7）S: suggest 建议12 . major adj. 主要的、重要的、较大的：The major p
18、art of the town was ruined by the earthquake. 这城镇的大部分已被这次地震造成一片废墟。The car needs major repairs. 这辆汽车需要大修。 n. 主修科目、主修学生：Mathematics is my major. 我的专业是数学。vi. 主修 （ in +科目）：She majored in Maths and Physics at university. 她在大学里主修数学和物理。 Are you majoring in English Literature? 你是在专修英国文学吗?13 .in memory of =
19、to the memory of 为纪念 （只用于对已故人的怀念）He founded the charity in memory of his late wife. 他兴办那个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子。 in honor of = in ones honor 为纪念 （既可用于对已故人的纪念，也可用于对活人的敬意）A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests. 宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。 goods 货物、商品、财产。 （复数形式，无单数形式，不可与数词连用，但可与 many，these，those 等连用。作主语时
20、，谓语动词用复数形式。 ）There are many goods I want to buy in the supermarket. 14. possession （pl. ）个人财产；所有物； U 持有；具有wealth U指抽象的无形的财富. be in use=be in service : 在使用中This kind of machine is in use now. (be) of use: 有用处，起作用(=useful) 615. (be) out of use: 不在使用，废弃不用come into use 使用起来 It is no use doing sth. 做没有用I
21、t is no use trying to persuade him to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.use up 用光，耗尽：Used up all our money. 用光了我们所有的钱have its (或 ones) uses ：(非正式)总会有用 have no use for 用不着；不需要：He had no use for a single glove.单个手套对他没用。Make ( full) use of：( 充分)使用，利用.feed on : 用 喂养，靠吃维持生命Cattle feed chiefly on
22、grass. 牛主要以草为食。16. feed sth to sb.(or an animal) 把喂给；提供，灌输feed sb up 把喂饱be fed up (with) 讨厌，对不感兴趣I was fed up with playing computer games. be concerned with 与有关be concerned about / for 关心，担忧17.concern as /so far asbe concerned 就 而言be concerned in sth 和某事有牵连concern oneself about /in /with 关心have a concern in 和有利害关系have no concern for 毫不关心concerning prep. 关于
