1、宾语补足语的用法 theusageofobjectcomplement 启明星家教吴耀 模块三第三单元语法 WhatdoyouthinkaboutHarryPotter Ifindit Whathappenedtotheman Themanwaskept veryinteresting aninterestingbook inprison jail Whataretheboysdoing Ifindthem WhatdoyouthinkofMaoZedong Ithinkhim playingfootball tobe agreatman 一 可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有 1 名词 Wema
2、dehimourmonitor Theythoughtitgoodadvice TheynamedtheirdaughterJenny 注 常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有 call name elect make think appoint choose find consider keep wish feel等 注 充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔 职位时 前面一般不用冠词 如 TheyelectedJohnchairmanofthecommittee 2 形容词 一 可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有 Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy We d
3、betterleavethedooropen 注 常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有 believe think get keep make find like wish see consider prove have leave 以及paint drive turn cut等 3 现在分词 一 可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有 1 I msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong 2 Icouldfeelthecoldwindblowingonmyface 3 Atthismomentshenoticedtheteachercomingin 4 过去分词 1 Hewat
4、chedtheTVsetcarriedoutoftheroom 2 Lastyeartheyhadtheirhouserebuilt 3 WhenyouspeakEnglish besuretomakeyourselfunderstood 6 此外 副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语 5 动词不定式 一 可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有 1 Hebelievedtheearthtobeaglobe 2 Wouldyoulikemetocomealongwithyou 3 Nobodycouldmakehimchangehismind 1 Whendoyouwantitback 2 Whydidn
5、 tyouinvitethemin 3 Wecouldhearthechildrenatplayoutside 二 宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系 1 当名词 形容词 副词和介词短语充当宾语补足语时 它们和宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系 或称表语关系 若无宾语补足语 则句意不完整 宾语补足语说明宾语的情况 性质 特征 状态 身份或属类等 1 Wemadehimourmonitor 2 Youshouldkeepyourroomcleanandtidy 3 Wecouldhearthechildrenatplayoutside Heisourmonitor Yourroomiscleanandtid
6、y Thechildrenareatplayoutside 二 宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系 2 当过去分词充当宾语补足语时 它与宾语之间有着动宾关系 即 宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者 1 IonceheardthissongsunginJapanese 2 Ididn twantthechildrentakenoutinsuchweather ThissongwasoncesunginJapanese Thechildrenweretakenoutinsuchweather 三 在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中 有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语 有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语 还有
7、的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语 1 只能用现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有 catch keep mind prevent stop smell excuse等 例如 2 只能用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 wish desire expect prefer encourage allow permit mean lead bring put hurry cause remind ask invite beg request worry advise persuade callon tell order command require make force drive forbid w
8、arn help teach show assist report bear waitfor think take know judge consider suppose believe prove declare 1 Shecaughthersonsmokingacigarette 2 Hiswordsstartedmethinking 三 在用现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语的动词中 有些只能用现在分词作宾语补足语 有些只能用不定式作宾语补足语 还有的动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语 3 既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 see watch notice lookat
9、observe listento hear feel have imagine discover like want understand hate get set leave 四 使用不定式作宾语补足语时 不定式符号to的取舍问题 在hear listento let have make see watch notice observe等动词后的不定式需省去to 五 在复合宾语中 宾语通常为名词或代词 但有时也可以用不定式 短语 动名词 短语 或that从句来充当 这时 应使用先行it代替宾语 而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部 如 1 Ifeltitnecessarytospeakaboutou
10、rshortcomings 2 Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain 3 Weallthoughtitapitythatyoucouldn tjoinus 注意 在这种结构中 宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词 常用于这种结构的动词有 feel find think make take judge consider等 Practice 单句改错 Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn tmakehimselfunderstand WeallelectedJasonthemonitor Theteacheraskedusnotmake
11、somuchnoise Whatanicefireyouhaveinyourfireplace DuringthewinterIlikemyhousewarmlyandcomfortable understood to warm 5 Don tleavethewaterrunwhileyoubrushyourteeth 6 Hepushedthedooropening 7 Shelookedaroundandcaughtamanputhishandintothepocketofapassenger 8 Withalotofdifficultproblemssettle thenewly ele
12、ctedpresidentishavingahardtime 9 WhenIcamein Ifoundaboyhidebehindthedoor 10 Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdiedofhisworksunfinished running open putting to hidden with Tellhim thewindow toshutnotB nottoshutC tonotshutD notshut2 There saholeinyourbag Iknow I mgoingtohaveit mendB mendingC mendedD tobemen
13、ded3 Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister todayhewasmade byhislittlesister cry tocryB crying cryingC cry cryD tocry cry4 Theywouldnotallowhim acrosstheenemyline toriskgoingB riskingtogoC forrisktogoD riskgoing 单项选择 5 Ifoundthedoor whenIgothome openedB closeC unlockingD open6 Theboywantedtoridehisbicy
14、cleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim nottoB nottodoC notdoD donotto7 Icouldn tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise goingonB goesonC wentonD togoon8 Iadvised atonce himtostartingB himtostartC tostartingD tostart 9 WhenIputmyhandonhischest Icouldfeelhisheartstill beatB tobebeatingC beatingD wasbeating10 Youhadbettergetadoctor yourbadtooth pulloutB topulloutC pulledoutD pullingout11 Hemanagedtomakehimself withhis English understand breakingB understand brokenC understood breakingD understood broken12 Thedoctoraskedhimnottoleavehiswound A exposeB exposedC toexposeD exposing Theend 2012年4月20日
