1、1语法复习与掌握句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。二）主语：主语 (Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：1.The sun rises in the east. （名词） 2.He likes dancing. （代词）3.Twenty years is a short time in history. （数词） 4.Seeing is believing. （动名词）
2、 5.To see is to believe. （不定式） 6.What he needs is a book. （主语从句）三）谓语 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.The plane took off at ten oclock.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught
3、 a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致四）表语 表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如 be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem 等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如： 1.He is a teacher. （名词） 2.Seventy-four! You dont look it. （代词）3.Five and five is ten. （数词） 4
4、.He is asleep. （形容词） 5.His father is in. （副词） 6.The picture is on the wall. （介词短语）7.His job is to teach English.（不定式）28.His hobby is playing football.（动名词注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等常见的系动词有: be, sound （听起来） ， look（看起来） ， feel（摸起来） ，smell（闻起来） ，taste（尝、吃起来） ， remain（保持，仍是） ， feel（感觉
5、） .1.It sounds a good idea. 2.The sound sounds strange.3.Her voice sounds sweet. 4.Tom looks thin.5.The food smells delicious. 6.The food tastes good.7.The door remains open. 8.Now I feel tired.9.He became mad after that. 五）宾语 宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： 1）动作的承受者动宾I like China. （名词） He h
6、ates you. （代词）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词介宾They live in the old house.Are you afraid of the snake? 3） 双宾语间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语. Please tell us a story. _ My father bought a new bike for me last week. _ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.
7、 _分析一下划横线的句子成分。I bought a book yesterday.We often speak English in classOur teacher of English is an AmericanTime is up. The class is over.The soup tastes sweet.The man got mad.3阅读理解练习：You want to know about my staying in America,right?Well,to tell you the truth,it is really an eye-opening experienc
8、e study here.In China,I had English classes five times a week since fifth grade.However,I didnt know how different textbook English could be from everyday English until I came to Hotchkiss School,Conmecticut. 21 世纪教育网 When I first studied English,I was told to say, “I am fine.”when people say “How a
9、re you ?”But in the US,I found that people say, “I am good.”or “Ilm tired.”One day ,someone greeted me with “Whats up ?”It ,made me confused.I thought for a moment and then smiled because I didnt know what to say.Since then,I have discovered more and more differences between Chinese and US cultures.
10、To my surprise,US girls spend a lot of time in the burning sun to get a tan.However ,in China ,girls try every possible way to get their skin paler,or “whiter.”I also surprised by how hard-working .US students are.In China,schoolwork is almost everything ,so we study hard and that it.But here,a “goo
11、d”student gets good grades,does a lot for the public and plays sports or music.The kids here are so talented ,I am starting to be sorry that I gave up playing the piano at an early age and that I have never thought about sports.1.According to the writer,textbook English is _everyday English.A.quite
12、different from B.the same as C.more difficult than2.What does the word “tan ”in the sixth paragraph mean in Chinese?A 晒黑 B 晒白 C 能量3.A good US student spends his/her time _.A.only in doing homeworkB.only on sports or music C.on studies ,sports or music and public work4.Which of the following is NOT true?A.The writer is now in US.B.American girls love to have white skin.C.US students are talented and hard-working.5.Which is the best title for the passage?A.My Own Travel in the USB.My Studying in the USC.My Opinion about the US
