1、ASSET QUALITY REPORTING TEAM:Total Credit Exposure资产质量报告团队信用暴露总额,January 4th, 2005,January 4th, 2005,2,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Organization 组织机构Enterp
2、rise Credit Risk within Global Risk Management, independent from the business 全球风险管理部内的全公司信用风险部门，独立于业务部门Functionally divided between Line of Business reporting and reporting on the Total Corporation 在职能上分为业务线报告和全公司报告,3,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank a
3、nd Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Mission / Purpose 使命 / 宗旨Oversight on inherent risk in the portfolio and its direction 监督金融组合的内在风险及其走向Inform decision makers of credit issues warranting their attention or action 向决策者报告需要其注意或采取行动的信用问题,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,4,Conf
4、idential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Output 工作产出Monthly reporting to senior and executive management 每月向高级管理层和最高管理层提交报告Focus on historical performance with commentary
5、including business drivers and explanations of anomalies 重点是报告以往的业绩，同时作出评论，包括主要业务动力以及解释异常情况Regulatory / Governance / oversight reports 监管 / 良政管理 / 监督报告,5,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Qual
6、ity Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Visual presentation using graphs, displaying both dollars and ratios 利用图表等视觉工具，显示数额和比率Credit Quality Metrics: 信用质量公制：Exposure Legally binding consumer and commercial extensions of credit. Commercial exposure is classified by risk rating while consumer is monit
7、ored on a delinquency basis. 风险暴露 具有法律效力的个人信贷和企业信贷。企业风险暴露按照风险评级分类，个人信贷根据违约状况进行监督。,6,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Credit quality metrics (contin
8、ued): 信用质量公制（续）：Risk Ratings The Banks internal system that rates credit facilities based on the probability that a credit taker will repay an obligation as promised. Risk Ratings range from 1 through 10, where Risk Rate 1 represents the safest, lowest credit risk, and Risk Rate 10 represents a cred
9、it in which the risk of loss is significant. 风险评级 这是美国银行的内部系统，根据借贷人按承诺偿还债务的概率对信用贷款进行评级。风险评级分为 1到10级，其中风险级别1表示最安全、最低的信用风险，而风险级别10则代表贷款损失风险非常大。 Risk rates 1 4 Investment grade credits 风险级别1 4 投资级别的贷款 Risk rate 5 Risk elements exist, but near-term performance is of no concern. 信用级别5 存在风险因素，但近期表现不用担心。 R
10、isk rate 6 Reasonable prospect of orderly payout, but subject to economic or market uncertainties. 信用级别6 有理由认为贷款将有序地偿还，但可能受到经济和市场状况的影响。 Risk rate 7 Has all characteristics of acceptable credit risk but warrants more than normal level of supervision. 信用级别7 所有迹象都表明信用风险可以接受，但需要进行多于平常的监督。Risk rate 8 10
11、Criticized exposure (explained separately on slide 7) 信用级别8 10 受质疑的风险暴露（在第7页单独介绍）,7,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Credit quality metrics (contin
12、ued): 信用质量公制（续）：Criticized exposure - Classified Exposure (Risk Ratings 9 and 10) plus Special Mention exposure (Risk Rating 8) as defined by the OCC. 受质疑的风险暴露 其中包括“特别分类”风险暴露（风险评级9和10）以及“特别注意”风险暴露（风险评级8）Risk Rating 8: Special Mention. Has potential weakness that warrants managements special attentio
13、n; if uncorrected, weakness may result in deterioration. 信用级别 8 “特别注意”。有潜在的弱点，值得管理层特别注意；如不纠正，弱点可能造成信贷恶化。Risk Rating 9: Substandard. Has well defined weakness(es) which, if not corrected, jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. 信用级别9 不合格。具有明显的弱点，如不纠正就会威胁债务的清算。Risk Rating 10: Doubtful. Critical weakn
14、ess(es) make collection or liquidation in full improbable. Likelihood of loss is high. Risk rate 10 is the lowest quality. 信用级别10 难以收回。具有严重的弱点，很可能无法全额偿还或清算。损失的可能性很大。风险级别10表示信用质量最低。,8,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See ap
15、plicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Credit quality metrics (continued): 信用质量公制（续）：Nonperforming Assets Loans on which Bank of America has ceased to automatically record interest income prior to receipt of cash payments. Commercial loans and consumer loans secured by
16、real estate can be placed on nonperforming; other consumer loans are charged off and are therefore not placed on nonperforming. 不良资产 对于此类贷款，美洲银行已经停止自动记录利息收入，直至收到现金付款。企业贷款和有房地产作为担保的个人贷款可列为不良贷款；其他个人贷款予以注销，因此不列为不良贷款。,9,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and
17、Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Credit quality metrics (continued): 信用质量公制（续）：Past Due - The entire balance of an account is contractually delinquent if the minimum payment is not received by the specified date on the customers bi
18、lling statement. Interest and fees continue to accrue on past due loans until the date the loan goes into nonperforming status, if applicable. Delinquency is reported on accruing loans that are 30+ and 90+ days past due. 到期未偿 如果在客户账单注名的日期之前没有收到最低限度付款，则整个帐户均处于违约状态。到期未偿贷款继续累计利息和收费，直到贷款列为不良贷款之日（如果适用）。到
19、期未偿30天以上和90天以上的贷款将在违约报告上列出。,10,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Credit quality metrics (continued): 信用质量公制（续）：Charge-off - A charge-off occurs when
20、 a credit instrument is considered uncollectible in whole or in part. A partial recovery of the asset may still occur in the future. The amount of the charge-off is deducted from the Allowance for Credit Losses and recoveries are added back to the Allowance. 注销 一旦信用票据被认为完全或部分无法收回，则将其注销。未来仍有可能收回该资产的一
21、部分。注销的数额从备抵信贷损失中减去，收回的部分则加回备抵。,11,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Standards and control limits: 标准和控管限制：Standards - Quantitative targets establish
22、ed by executive management to define the range of acceptable portfolio performance through the course of an economic cycle. High and Low Standards are established based on a balance of risk and reward. Standards are established for key lines of business and selected products. These standards include
23、 leading and lagging indicators and, as such, provide an “early warning” system to spur discussion and analysis and, as needed, corrective action by management. 标准 即最高管理层设立的量化指标，用以表明在经济周期过程中可接受的信用组合业绩。管理层在权衡风险与收益之后设定高标准和低标准，并对各关键业务线和选定产品设定标准。标准包括先导指标和滞后指标，形成“预警”系统，促使银行进行讨论和分析，并促使管理层在必要时采取行动。,12,Conf
24、idential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Standards and control limits (continued): 标准和控管限制（续）：Control Limits - Statistical limits that define the range within
25、which a process is capable of performing based on historical performance. Actual results should remain within the Control Limits 99.73% of the time when based on sufficient history. Control limits add another dimension to the management process by signaling when management may need to take action pr
26、ior to violating acceptable standards. Management may set targets that are different than the statistically derived Control Limits. 控管限制 即统计性限制，用以表明流程所能达到的业绩范围（根据以往业绩确定）。在99.73%的时间，实际业绩应保持在控管限制的范围之内（前提是有充分的历史根据）。控管限制为管理流程提供了新的工具，能告诉管理层何时需要采取行动，否则就会违反可接受的标准。管理层所设定的目标可有别于根据统计数字确定的控管限制。,13,Confidential
27、 and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Presentation 报告方式Graphical with trended data 用图表显示趋势性数据Graphs for total corporation, Lines of Business and products 关于全企业、各业务线、各种产品的图表,Non
28、performing Assets 不良资产,0.61%,0.45%,0.42%,0.27%,0.53%,0.25%,0.27%,0.34%,0.27%,-,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0,4.5,5.0,2Q04,3Q04,4Q04,1Q05,2Q05,3Q05,4Q05,1Q06,2Q06,($ in billions) 单位：10亿美元,-0.10%,0.10%,0.30%,0.50%,0.70%,0.90%,Consumer,Commercial,Ratio,个人企业 比率,比率,Criticized Exposure 受质疑的风险暴露,($ in bi
29、llions) 单位：10亿美元,Year-over-year change of -6.9% or -$0.5 billion年度变化-6.9%或者减少5亿美元,14,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Significant relationships rep
30、orting 重要关系报告Top criticized, nonperforming and charge-offs 数额最大的受质疑贷款、不良贷款、注销贷款Top 10 commercial relationships 贷款数额居前10名的企业Top 10 financial institution relationships 数额居前10名的金融机构Top relationships exceeding a specified threshold of allocated credit capital 超出规定金融资本阀值最多的信贷关系,15,Confidential and Propri
31、etary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Reporting 报告Concentrations 信贷集中程度Geographic 地理集中程度Product 产品集中程度Industry 行业集中程度Limits 限制Country 国别限制Industry 行业限制Loan-to-Value 贷款与价值比率,16,Confidentia
32、l and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Exposure 风险暴露Foundation for all reporting, including ratio calculations 风险暴露是所有报告的基础，包括比率的计算Includes both consumer and commercial exposur
33、es 包括对个人的风险暴露和对企业的风险暴露,17,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Outstandings 未偿还的贷款Loan and Lease Outstandings 未偿还的贷款和租赁Overdrafts 透支Bankers Acceptances 银行承兑汇票Foreclosed Property 取消赎回权的房地产Securitized As
34、sets 证券化资产Issued Letters of Credit 已签发的信用证Issued Commercial L/Cs (Trade) 已签发的商业信用证（贸易）Issued Standby L/Cs 已签发的备用信用证Traded Products Mark-to-Market Basis 交易产品（按市值调整）Assets Held for Sale 准备出售的资产,Utilized Exposure 已使用的风险暴露,Total Risk Exposure (TRE) 风险暴露总额（TRE）,Binding Exposure 有约束力的风险暴露,Non-Binding Expo
35、sure没有约束力的风险暴露,Unutilized Binding Exposure 未使用但有约束力的风险暴露,Uncommitted, guidance or advised exposure for loans and leases, L/Cs, etc., including credit card lines 未承诺的、内部指导性的、通知性的贷款和租赁，信用证等，包括信用卡额度Unused Traded Products limits 未使用的交易产品风险暴露限额,Unused Binding Loan and Lease Commitments 未使用但有约束力的贷款和租赁承诺Tr
36、aded Products exposure, potential exposure 交易产品风险暴露，潜在风险暴露,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Exposure Hierarchy 风险暴露级别,18,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,
37、Exposure Reporting Framework 风险暴露报告架构,Corporate Treasury / Other 企业金融部/其他Next Level Down 下一级Total Bank of America 整个美国银行,Produce this report on a monthly basis for all levels of the company: 在公司各级每月编写这个报告：,Global Consumer and Small Business Banking 全球个人和小型企业银行业务部Next Level Down 下一级Global Wealth and
38、Investment Management 全球财富和投资管理部Next Level Down 下一级Global Corporate and Investment Banking 全球企业和投资银行业务部Next Level Down 下一级,For illustrative purposes only 仅用于示意目的,19,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.
39、,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Exposure 风险暴露Total Risk Exposure - A summation of all credit exposure to one obligor and any subsidiaries, joint ventures, or other entities which are under its control. The components of Total Risk Exposure are Binding Exposure, the unused portion of Foreign E
40、xchange and Derivatives limits, Advised Exposure, and guidance. 风险暴露总额 对一个借款人及其子公司、合资企业或其他受其控制的机构的全部信用暴露总额。风险暴露总额分为：有约束力的风险暴露、外汇产品和衍生产品风险暴露限额未使用的部分、通知性风险暴露、内部指导性风险暴露。 Binding Exposure The amount the bank is legally bound to advance under prescribed conditions. Comprised of utilized exposure plus bin
41、ding unfunded commitments 有约束力的风险暴露 银行在法律上有义务根据预定条件提供的贷款，其中包括已使用的风险保护和有约束力但未使用的贷款承诺 Utilized exposure - The amount of binding exposure that is actually outstanding. 已使用的风险暴露 已使用而尚未偿还的有约束力风险暴露数额。Binding unfunded commitments - Difference between total binding commitments and that which is utilized. 有约
42、束力但未使用的贷款承诺 有约束力贷款承诺总额减去已使用的部分。,20,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting Team 资产质量报告团队,Exposure 风险暴露Utilized exposure components: 已使用的风险暴露的组成部分： Loans and Leases outstanding Adva
43、nces under loan commitments encompassing both consumer and commercial customers. 未偿还贷款和租赁 根据贷款承诺提供的资金（包括个人贷款和企业贷款）。 Bankers Acceptances - Highly marketable short-term money market instruments that are used primarily to finance international trade, representing the Banks unconditional guarantee to pa
44、y a specified amount at a specified time. 银行承兑票据 可交易性很高的短期货币市场票据，主要用于国际贸易融资，表示银行无条件担保在规定的时间支付规定的数额。Foreclosed Property - Real estate acquired by the Bank in full or partial satisfaction of debt and held for sale. While foreclosed property assets are not individually risk rated, they are nonetheless
45、reported as a Substandard (Risk Rate 9) nonperforming asset. 取消赎回权的房地产 银行为全部或部分抵偿债务而收回并准备出售的房地产。虽然取消赎回权房地产没有单独的风险评级，但列为不合格（风险级别9）的不良资产。,21,Confidential and Proprietary materials. For use only by China Construction Bank and Bank of America personnel. See applicable contract.,Asset Quality Reporting T
46、eam 资产质量报告团队,Exposure 风险暴露Utilized exposure components: 已使用风险暴露的组成部分：Securitized Assets - The pooling and repackaging of debt obligations (e.g., credit card lines) into securities which may be sold on the secondary market. The Bank generally continues to service the assets. 证券化资产 将债务（例如信用卡额度）组合并重新包装
47、为可在二级市场出售的证券。美国银行通常会继续管理这些资产。Letters of Credit - A document issued by the Bank on behalf of a customer to a third party promising to pay that third party upon presentation of specified documents. A Letter of Credit effectively substitutes the Banks credit for that of the Banks customer. 信用证 美国银行代表客户
48、向第三方签发的文件，承诺在对方出示规定文件时向对方付款。信用证等于用银行的信用代替银行客户的信用。Commercial Letters of Credit are generally used in international trade to assure the payment on imports or exports. 商业信用证 通常用于国际贸易，担保进出口贸易的付款。Standby Letters of Credit: A letter representing an obligation of the Bank to a beneficiary (1) to repay mone
49、y borrowed by or advanced to the Banks customer, (2) to make payment on account for any indebtedness undertaken by the Banks customer, or (3) to make payment on account of any default of the Banks customer. Standby Letters of Credit are not expected to be drawn. 备用信用证代表银行对受益人担负以下责任： (1) 偿还银行客户所借或所预支
50、的钱；(2) 在帐户上支付银行客户所欠的债务 ；(3) 在银行客户违约时为其付款。备用信用证预计不会被提款 。Performance Letters of Credit are issued to provide assurance to a third party that the specified customer will perform its contract for services. Performance Letters of Credit include bid and performance bonds.履约信用证用于向第三方担保：规定的客户将履行服务合约。履约信用证包括投标保函和履约保函。Financial Letters of Credit are issued to support other debt instruments such as a lease, privately held note, receivable or trade credit. They are also issued to support legal judgments under appeal. 金融信用证用于担保其他债务票据（例如租赁、私人持有的借据、应收款项、商业信用）。这种竞争还用于担保正在上诉的法律判决。,
