1、【英语】初中英语定语从句解题技巧及练习题含解析一、定语从句1The movie _ we saw last night was fantastic.A thatB whatC whoseD Who【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意:我们昨晚看的那场电影好极了。考查定语从句引导词。本句定句从句的先行词The movie是物,并且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,可知使用关系代词that或 which ;故选A。2She is talking about the school and teachers _ we visited last month.A whoB whichC whereD that【答案】
2、 D【解析】句意:她正在谈论关于我们上个月参观的那个学校和那里的老师。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语或宾语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语;where引导定语从句,修饰地点名词,作状语;that引导定语从句,修饰人或事物,作主语或宾语。根据theschool and teachers可知此处既修饰人,又修饰事物,故用that引导定语从句,故选D。3Oneis filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance (优雅) .A whichB whoC howD what【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:一个学识渊博的人总是举止优
3、雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代物;B. who关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代人;C. how关系副词;D. what不能引导定语从句。根据Oneis filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).可知,先行词one指代人,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语,结合选项可知B 选项符合题意,故答案选B。4Ant Forest is a popular mobile app_ allows people to plant real trees in the desert
4、bycollectingA what“ green energy points B who.C whomD which【答案】D【解析】【详解】蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。考查定语从句。本句为定语从句,先行词是a popular mobile app指物,关系词用which ,故选 D。5One of the most delicious drinks _ I like is orange juice.A whichB thatC whoseD whom【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意:我喜欢的一种最美味的饮料是橘子汁。考查定语从句。本句先行
5、词drinks ,先行词有形容词最高级修饰,可知用关系代词that 引导此定语从句,故选B。【点睛】that 在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。(1)必须用that 的情况:先行词有人又有物/ 先行词有形容词最高级修饰/ 先行词是不定代词/ 先行词有不定代词修饰/ 以who, which 开头的问句 / 先行词有 the very, the same ,the last 等词修饰 / 先行词有序数词,数词修饰时。 / 关系词在定语从句中做表语时。( 2)不能用 that 的情况:介词 +关系词 / 非限定性定语从句。6What are you looking for?I m lo
6、oking for the book _ you bought last Sunday.A whoB whenC that【答案】 C【解析】句意: 你正在寻找什么?我正在寻找上周日你买的那本书。who 引导定语从句 ,修饰人,作定语从句的主语或宾语;when 引导定语从句,作状语;that 引导定语从句,修饰事物或人,作主语或宾语。此处修饰的先行词the book 是事物,作定语从句谓语bought 的宾语,故用that 引导定语从句,故选C。7Do you know the mansaved three pupils in the accident?A whoB itC whomD who
7、se【答案】 A【解析】试题分析:句意:你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗?定语从句中,先行词指人时,用关系词 who (作主语), whom (作宾语), that ;先行词指事物时,用关系词that/which 。本题中,先行词the man 指人,在从句中作主语,用关系词who ,故选 A。【考点定位】考查定语从句。8Is that all? Yes. That s all _ I want to take.A whichB thatC whoD whose【答案】B【解析】 分析:句意:-就 些?-是的。 就是我所想要的。which哪一个;that那; who ;whose 的。先行 a
8、ll 在定 从句中作 ,可用关系代 that代替。所以 B。【考点定位】考 关系代 。9Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?Sure. It s a great TV programcan develop the habit of reading.A whoB thatC what【答案】 BD whose【解析】【 解】句意: 你喜 中央 台每周一次的 目朗 者 ?当然了, 是一个很棒的 目,能培养 的 。根据句子 构可知, 里考 定 从句,who 是关系代 ,先行 人,在从句中作主 或 ; that 先行 人或物都可以,
9、在从句中作主 或 ;排除; whose 的,先行 可以是人或物。 个定 从句的先行 是 意思不合适。故 B。what不能引 定 从句,先program ,故排除A;D10 The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth .A whoB whichC whereD when【答案】 B【解析】【 解】句意:我看 两次的 影是流浪地球。A. who ,指人的引 ;B. which 哪一个,指物的引 ;C. where 哪里,指地点;D. when 什么 ,指 。本 考 定 从句。先行 是The movie,因此引 用which 。故 B。1
10、1 Wang Yangming is a great educationalistdeveloped most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.A whichB whatC who【答案】 C【解析】【 解】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位 大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中 展起来的。A. which关系 ,引 定 从句,先行 是物;B. what不能引 定 从句;C. who关系 ,引 定 从句,先行 是人,根据educationalis指人,所以用who ,故 C。12 Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球)?Y
11、es. Its the best oneI have ever seen.A thatB whichC whatD it【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意: 你看过流浪地球这部电影吗?这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查定语从句的关联词, that/which 可以引导定语从句, what , it 不能引导定语从句,首先排除 C,D;先行词是不定代词 one,前面被形容词的最高级 best 修饰,引导词只能用 that 不能用 which ,故答案为 A.【点睛】引导定语从句的关系代词有:that (指人或物),which (指物), who (指人)。指人时可用 that 或 who ,指
12、物时可用that 或 which ,但有时只能用that 不能用 which 。常见的情况有下列五种:当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么可以为你做的吗?All that can be done must be done. 凡是能做的都必须做。当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop. 那是这
13、家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时。例如:My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。当主句以who 或 which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which或who 。以避免重复。例如:Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?正穿一
14、件红色外套的女孩子是谁?)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that 不用 which 。例如:The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known. 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。13 “ What are you doing?”“ We are talking about the books and writers _ we like.A thatB whichC whoD whom”【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意: “你们在做什么?我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。考查定语从
15、句的引导词用法。本句的定语从句的先行词是book 书和 writer 人,所以关系代词用that ,故选 A。【点睛】定语从句中用that 不用 which 的情况有: 1)当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing,anything 等不定代词时;2)当先行词前面有序数词或者形容词最高级作定语修饰时;3)先行词既有人也有物时;4)当先行词前面有 the very , the only 修饰时。14 Have you watch the TV play In the name of people (人民的名义)? Yes. Itcorruption s t
16、he most popular play _ shows our Party(反对腐败). s trying to struggle againstA whereB whetherC thatD who【答案】 C【解析】句意:你看电视剧“”是的,它是表现我们的党尽力反对腐败的最人民的名义了吗?受欢迎的电视剧。这是一个定语从句的句子,先行词是play,所以引导词用 that/which ;故选 C15 - Class, you should be thankful to those people _ helped and supported you.- We will. Miss Chen.
17、A whichB whom C whoD whose【答案】 C【解析】句意: 同学们,你们应该感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。陈小姐,我们会的。 which 引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语、宾语和表语; whom 引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语; who 引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语或宾语。 whose 引导定语从句,修饰人或物,作定语;此处修饰先行词 people ,表示人,作定语从句的主语,故用 who 。故选C。16 _ wants to go to the park this weekend , raise your hands, please.A Anyone whoB Tho
18、se whoC AnyoneD Who【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:这个周末想去公园的人请举手。此句考查定语从句。先行词是anyone 定语从句中缺少主语,用who引导定语从句,B 项错在因为先行词是those, who引导的定语从句中应该是复数谓语,C 项缺少关系代词who , D 项who只能表示疑问,“谁 ”,不符合句意:选A。考点:考查定语从句。17 Lily doesn t know _ she and her friends can do to helpthe little boy _parents have left their hometown for making mon
19、ey.A that; whoseB how; whoC what; whoD what; whose【答案】D【解析】that 引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how 引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语; what 引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句, what ,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little宾语boy 和parents是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。考点:英语从句18 The light in her ro
20、om is still on. Do you know _? Maybe at midnight again. A if she is busy studying B what s she doingC why does she stay up so lateD when she will stop working【答案】 D【解析】试题分析:句意:她房间里的灯还亮着。你知道她什么时候停止工作吗?可能又要到午夜。 A. if she is busy studying.她是否在忙着学习;B. what s she doing她在做什么。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;C. why does she s
21、tay up so late 她为什么熬夜那么晚。宾语从句用陈述句语序,错;D. when she will stop working她什么时候停止工作。答语:Maybe atmidnight again. 可能又要到午夜。指的是时间,用when提问。故选D。考点:考查宾语从句。19 According to the survey, women _drink more than two cups of coffee a day have agreater chance of having heart disease than _who don t.A who; thatB / ; theseC
22、 who; thoseD / ; /【答案】【解析】C试题分析:句意为:据调查,每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女人比那些不喝咖啡的女人患心脏疾病的机会大得多。根据语境可知,本题考查的是定语从句的引导词和代词的用法。在定语从句中,引导词由先行词而定, who 的先行词指人。此外,这里指的是 “喝咖啡与不喝咖啡的那些女人 ”的比较,代词应用 those ,表示同名同物,故应选 C。考点:考查引导词和指示代词的用法。20 -Our English teacher is very kind, and we all like her very much.-That s for sure. A person _ c
23、ares for others is popular everywhere.A whoB whichC whomD whose【答案】 A【解析】试题分析:句意:-我们的英语老师非常的善良,并且我们非常喜欢她。关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用项,故选A。考点:考查定语从句的用法。that-那是当然。一个或者 who 。结合选21 What kind of musicians do you like?I like musicianscan write their own lyrics.AwhichBwhoCwhom【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:-你喜欢哪类音
24、乐人? 我喜欢那种能自己写词的音乐人。指人,在定语从句中作主语,故用关系代词who 引导定语从句,故选B。考点:考查代词的用法。22 The young lady _ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.A whatB whoseC whoD which【答案】 C【解析】句意:昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句,先行词是The young lady,这里关系词用who ,在定语从句中做宾语,根据题意,故选C。23 Do you know the man_ gave out food a few days ago?A
25、whoB whichC whoseD whether【答案】A【解析】句意:你认识那个几天前分发食物的男士吗?这里是定语从句。A. who引导定语从句,先行词是指人的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语;B. which引导定语从句,先行词是指物的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语;C. whose 引导定语从句,先行词是指人或指物的;在定语从句中做定语;D. whether是否。不能引导定语从句。The man先行词,是指人的,故选A。24 I d like tellto you about the table manners _ you should know when you visit Korea.A
26、whichC whatBwhoD how【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问朝鲜时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。Which 哪一个;who 谁; what 什么; how 怎么。先行词table manners 在定语从句中作表语,可用关系代词 which 代替。所以选 A。考点:考查定语从句。25 -Why are you so worried?-I ve lost the watch _ my uncle bought me yesterday.A whomB whoC whose【答案】 DD which【解析】句意: 你为什么这么担心?昨天我把叔叔给我买的手表丢了。此句考查定语
27、从句的关联词,先行词watch 指物,关联词要用点睛:关系代词引导的定语从句。关系代词有that/which ,故答案为D。that, which, who, whom, whosewho 指人,在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。Mr. Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语
28、时常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。26 The old man came into the room with a little boy_was carrying a big bag.A whoB whichC whomD whose【答案】 A【解析】试题分析:句意:那位老人带着一个拿大袋子的小孩走进了房间。从题干分析此题是考查定语从句,先行词是人,并在从句中作主语,所以关系词要用
29、who ,故选 A。考点:考查定语从句的用法27 Why are you still here? It s time to start. I m busy searching the Internet for the photos of some famous singers _ I can use in my speech.A whatB whichC whoD whom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么还在这儿?时间到了。我在忙着在网上搜索一些著名歌手的照版,我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句,先行词是the photos ,指事物,用that 、 which引出定语从句。故选B
30、。28 The first thing_ I did on Mother s Day was to make breakfast for her.A whoB whereC whoseD that【答案】D【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The firstthing ,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mother作sDay定语修饰前面的the first thing,定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A; where在定语从句当中
31、作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除 C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that ,故选 D。点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。29 - It s the best time to visit Lianyungang now.- This is the best place _ I have ever visited.A whereB thatC whichD when【答案】B【解析】句意: 现在是参观连云港的最佳时间。这是我去过的最好的地方。考查定语从句。四个选项所示引导词均可引导定语从句,但先行词the best place有最高级best限制,需用that引导,故选B。30 They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _ will help dog owners cool downtheir pets.A whoB whatC whichD whether【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意“他们想研制一种对狗有好处的狗粮,这种狗粮会帮助狗的主人安定他们的宠物。”先行词 food 指物,排除who ; what 不能引导定语从句;which 指物。故选C。