1、1Lesson 40 Food and talkhostess n. 女主人host n. 男主人；v. 作为主人, 主办actor n. 男演员； actress n. 女演员unsmiling adj. 不笑的unsmiling adj. 不笑的（un+smiling, 但并不一定表示 “严肃” ）serious adj.严肃的, 认真的, 严重的 My father is serious.tight adj. 紧身的 tight jeans 紧身牛仔裤The shoes are small/tight. (夹脚, 很紧)tights n. 贴身衬衣, 紧身衣, 女用连裤袜fix v. 凝
2、视 v. 使固定、安装fix the picture on the wall She fixed a handle on the door.fix on 使（目光、注意力等）集中于，盯着fix ones eyes on sth./ones eyes be fixed on sth. 盯着目不转睛（习惯用被动）All the eyes were fixed on the blackboard. 所有的眼睛都盯着黑板 v. 修理 globe n. 地球，球状物, 如地球仪；adj. 全球的global problem 全球性的问题 earth n. 地球 global “阁楼宝” ，一种灭蟑螂的药
3、名despair n. 绝望despair n. 绝望, 失望, 令人失望的人(事物)；vi.绝望in despair 绝望的sb./sth. is the despair of 让感到绝望The boy is the despair of his parents. 那男孩的父母对他感到绝望了。This boy is his mothers despair. 这个男孩使他妈绝望了。The examination was the despair of me. = The examination was my despair.我对考试已经绝望了。disappoint vt. 使失望【课文讲解】1、
4、Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold.dinner 为不可数名词， “at a dinner party”中的“a” 并不修饰“dinner”而是 “party”,have dinner 不加“a”ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事next to 与相邻，挨着（既可表示座位挨着也可以表示地理位置上挨着） sit next to me 坐我旁边Theres a field/shop next to our house.2、Mrs. Rumbold was a la
5、rge, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.unsmiling 表示 bad mix，很难与人融合。 unsmiling 的反义词为 smiling（微笑的，喜气洋洋的） 。有些形容词前面可以加上前缀 un-来表示相反的意义： comfortable（舒服的）/ uncomfortable（不舒服的） ，true（真实的）/untrue（不真实的） ，interesting（有趣的）/ uninteresting（无趣味的，乏味的） 。in 在这里表示“穿着、戴着”： A young man in a blue dress is inquiring f
6、or you.（inquiring for sb. 要找（某人） ，求见某人）3、She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.2take a seat 坐下，比 sit 要正式 Please take a seat.take ones seat 表示位置事先已安排好After everyone had taken his seat, the meeting/dinner/party began.4、Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was bus
7、y eating.busy +doing sth. 忙着做某事（doing 前可以加 in，也可以不加）Were all busy (in) getting ready for the performance.5、A new play is coming to “The Globe“ soon, I said. Will you be seeing it?The new film is coming to the cinema. / A new play will be on at The Globe. 即将上映The film will be on. 那部电影即将要上映6、if you at
8、e more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!在并列句中，相同的句子成分（如主语、谓语、状语等）通常由同一词性的单词/词组表示，并且它们的长度也差不多，以保持句子的平衡性。You can either go out or stay here.He wants to buy a lot of things, but he has little money.他想买的东西很多，但他的钱很少。【Composition】1 She refused to answer any questions. She did not ask any qu
9、estions. (not onlybuteither)2 She was not interested in the theatre. She was not interested in travel. (neithernor) 1 She not only refused to answer question but she did not ask any question either.=She not only refused to answer question but ask no question either.butas well 可以加肯定也可以加否定 ； buteither
10、 只能加否定as well, either 在此句中可省略2 She was interested in neither the theatre nor travel.=She was interested neither in the theatre nor in travel.(更好, 介词短语的并列)【Key structures】 第 2 类条件句（虚拟条件句）第 1 类条件句，谈论将有可能发生的事情，并且考虑其将来的真实结果。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时或其他形式的现在时。If you help me,I will be gratefull. 如果你帮我, 我会感激你 (正常语
11、气)If it rains, I will not go. 正常语气(不一定会去)第 2 类条件句，if 从句谈论想象的情况（假设与现在事实相反） ，主句则推测想象的结果。 从句使用一般过去时, 主句使用 would+动词原形。尽管第 2 类条件句使用过去时，却并非指过去的时间，所以，if 之后的过去时用法常被称为 “非真实的过去” ，整个条件句也被称作非真实条件句。If you helped me,I would be grateful.如果你帮了我, 我会感激你(可惜你没有帮我, 我不会感激你)If it rained,it would not be hot. 如果下雨, 就不会这么热If
12、 you could make him change his mind, you would save him a lot of trouble. 假如你能使他改变主意, 你会使他免了许多麻烦. 如果 if 从句中的动词是 be, 那么应该在第一和第三人称单数名词之后用 were。If I were you 这种说法经常用于提出建议。If I were you, Id accept their offer.3If I were in your position, I would act differently. 假如我处于你的位置, 我会采取不同的作法. 第 2 类条件句有时也可代替第 1 类
13、条件句来描述颇有可能发生的事情，但比第 1 类条件句较为“无把握” 。If you went by train, you would get there earlier.If you go by train, you will get there earlier.第 2 类条件句经常用来描写完全不可能的事情。If I had longer legs, Id be able to run faster.【Special Difficulties】 Make 的用法及物动词 make 的原义为“制造” ，但它经常用于一些固定的结构，最常见的为make+（冠词）+名词形式：make progress
14、（取得进步） ；make the bed（铺床） ；make c+onversation（找话题） ；make a noise（吵闹） ；make a promise（保证） ；make trouble（捣蛋，制造麻烦） ； make money（挣钱） ； make a speech（演讲） ；make a mistake（犯错误） ；make up ones mind（下定决心，拿定主意）Do 的用法完全动词 do 也有一些固定短语：do ones best（尽最大努力） ；do ones homework（做作业） ；do sb. a favour（帮忙） ；do a job（干家务）
15、；do work（做家务） ；do exercise（做练习） ；do business（做生意） do 还可以与动名词连用：do some shopping（买东西，购物） ；do swimming（游泳） ；do some reading （读书）【Multiple choice questions】4 She asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold._c_next to her,she said.a. Please to sit b. To sit c. Please sit d. Please sittingask sb. to do sth. 祈使句
16、, 以动词原形为标志5 I took my seat beside her. I_a_ beside her.a. sat b. seated c. was sitted d. was seatingseat 一定要加宾语, 如果后面没宾语, 就用 seat 的被动语态(及物动词) : seat yourself / be seated 是及物动词，sit 是不及物动词, 没有被动语态 , 后面不能加宾语，坐下：sit down9 Her eyes were fixed on the plate. She _b_it.a. was glancing at b. was staring at c
17、. was thinking about d. was stuck tostuck to 粘在上面glance at 扫了一眼 (glance)I glanced at it but I didnt pick it up.stare at = fix ones eyes on 盯着看 (stare)look at 从头来看 see 看见 watch vt. 观看(看活动的) watch TV / watch sb. doingnotice 强调的是眼睛的注意, 看一些别人不太注意的事情glimpse of / have a glimpse of 瞥了一眼catch sight of= see
18、看见 I can catch sight of the bird.be in sight 看见 read v. 阅读(看与文字有关的东西)read loudly, read aloud 大声朗读, 汉语中的读go through 浏览12 Are you enjoying your dinner? Is it _d_?4a. enjoying you b. amusing you c. entertaining you d. giving you pleasureenjoy sth. 表示在后者当中得到了一种享受enjoy 主语是人 enjoy oneself sth. amuse 好笑 entertain sb. 娱乐 amuse,entertain 后面会加人entertainment n. 款待, 娱乐, 娱乐表演
