1、共 99 页,1,必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists,共 99 页,2,要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考,重点单词,1characteristic n特征；特性 2conclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束 3defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败 4attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加 5expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光exposion n暴露,共 99 页,3,6cure n治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗 7challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenger n挑战者 8absorb vt.吸收；吸引；
2、使专心 9suspect vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯suspicion n怀疑suspicious adj.有疑心的 10foresee vt.预见；预告foretell v预言forecast v预报,共 99 页,4,11blame vt.责备；谴责 n过失；责备 12pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution n污染 13handle n柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵 14link vt. & n连接；联系 15announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告 16instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n教授；传授instruct
3、ions n指示，说明,共 99 页,5,17construct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物 18contribute vt. & vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献 19spin vi. & vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱) 20reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃,共 99 页,6,重点短语,1put forward 提出 2draw a conclusion 得出结论 3expose.to 使显露；暴露 4link.to. 将和联系或连接起来 5apart from 除之外；此外,共 99 页,7,6mak
4、e sense 讲得通；有意义 7look into 调查；研究 8at times 有时 9be against 反对 10(be) strict with 对严格的 11be to blame 应受责备 12with certainty 肯定地,共 99 页,8,考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考 词汇短语过关,共 99 页,9,1. characteristic,adj. 典型的；特有的；表示特性的 同义词有：typical, representative, proper, very, own adv. characteristically 典型地；表示特性地 n. 特征；特性；特色 同义
5、词：quality, identity, tang, specific, distinction 词根：character n. character 性格，品质；特性；角色；计 字符 vt. character 印，刻；使具有特征 characterization 描述；特性描述=characterisation （英）特性描述； vi. characterize 在文艺作品中塑造人物；描绘性格 Vt. characterise 刻划的性格；表示的特性,共 99 页,10,2. Put forward,put themselves forward 毛遂自荐 put him forward 引荐
6、他 Who Put It Forward 谁提出来 put sth forward 提出 put oneself forward 出风头 put forward to 提出 be put forward被提出,共 99 页,11,put away/aside 放在一边；收拾起来；储存 put back 放回，拨回 put down 写下；镇压；放下 put forth 提出；颁布 put.into 把翻译成 put off 延期，推迟,共 99 页,12,put on 穿、戴上；(速度、体重)增加；上演 put out 扑灭，熄灭 put through 接通电话 put up 举起；建造；张
7、贴 put up with 忍受，忍耐，容忍,共 99 页,13,即学即练10(1)She often _ some useful advice.她常常提出一些有用的建议。 (2)Can I _ you/your name _ as golf club secretary？我推荐你担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书怎么样？ (3)We have _ the wedding _ one week.我们已将婚礼提前了一周。 (4)_ your watch _； youre five minutes slow. 把你的表往前拨一下，你慢了5分钟。,puts forward,put,forward,put,fo
8、rward by,Put,forward,共 99 页,14,3. conclude,conclude vt. 断定，推断出；作出结论(不用于进行时) conclusion n 结论，推论 conclusive adj. 结论性的 conclude.by/with.以结束 conclude to do sth. 决定做某事,共 99 页,15,conclude.from.从中推断 to conclude (做插入语)最后(一句话) in conclusion 最后，总之 bring.to a conclusion 使结束 make a conclusion 下结论 arrive at/come
9、 to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论，告一段落,共 99 页,16,即学即练1(1)He _ his speech with a joke. 他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲。 (2)The meeting _ at nine oclock. 会议9点钟结束了。 (3)The police _ that he must be the murderer. 警察断定他一定是杀人凶手。,concluded,concluded,concluded,共 99 页,17,(4)_， wish all of you good health and a long life.最后祝大家健康
10、长寿。 (5)_， I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today. 最后我想感谢今天参加会议的所有人。,To conclude,In conclusion,共 99 页,18,4. analyse vt.,analyse nlaiz vt. 1. 分析： They analysed the situation very closely. 他们非常周密地分析了形势。 2. 审察，细察，对细查： to analyse a poem (或 an argument)分析一首诗歌(或一个论点) 3. 【语言学】分析，对
11、(句子)作语法分析： We analysed a sentence. 4. psychoanalyse用精神分析法治疗；给作精神分析psychoanalyse a patient who has been analysed by three therapists被三名治疗专家用精神分析法治疗的一名病人,共 99 页,19,词根：analyse adj. analytical =analytic分析的；解析的；善于分析的 analytical method 分析法 analytical function 分析函数，解析函数 analyzable 可分析的adv. analytically 分析地
12、；解析地 n. analysis 分析；分解；验定 analyzer 计 分析器；分析者；检偏镜 =analyser 分析器，分析仪；分析者,共 99 页,20,5. infect vt.,infect(使受影响), 影响 短语 infect with把传染给 Often infect经常感染 Infect Others感染别人 adj. infectious 传染的；传染性的；易传染的 infected 被感染的 infective 有传染性的，感染别人的 n. infection 感染；传染；影响；传染病 词根：infect,共 99 页,21,6. defeat vt. n.,vt. 击
13、败，战胜；挫败；使失败 n. 失败；战胜 defeat/beat/win这三个单词用法,共 99 页,22,1. defeat/beat/win 这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但其用法不尽相同。 (1)defeat和beat用法相同，其宾语必须是“人或一个集体”。如a team, a class, a school, an army等。注意的是：defeat侧重在战场上打败敌人，beat常用于游戏或比赛中，但在平时运用中常替换使用。 (2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，或或者在其他方面赢得了信任，荣誉等，常带的宾语有：game, war, prize, fame, battle，belief
14、等。win还可作为不及物动词来用。,共 99 页,23,应用1 用defeat, beat, win填空 (1)He _ all his opponents 对手 in the election. (2)Peasants _ the drought and reaped收获 a good harvest. (3)After a hearttoheart talk, I _ his belief at last.,defeated/beat,defeated/beat,won,共 99 页,24,(4)The enemys plot阴谋 was _ very soon. (5)We wouldn
15、t have _without your help. (6)Mary _ first prize for swimming.,defeated,won,won,共 99 页,25,7. expert,adj. 熟练的；内行的；老练的 n. 专家；行家；能手 vt. 当专家；在中当行家 短语 expert conclusion鉴定结论；专家结论 Expert Team专家团队；名医专家；我们的专家团队；美丽时光专家 File Expert文件大师,共 99 页,26,8. attend attend vt.&vi. 出席；参加；照料，护理 attendance n. 出席，到场，参加 atten
16、d a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听报告/上学 attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顾某人 attend to 处理，注意，专心于，照料,共 99 页,27,即学即练2(1)He didnt _ yesterday.他昨天没有参加会议。 (2)He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody _ him. 长跑之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有个人来照顾自己一下。 (3)Business has to _. 生意是必须要料理的。,attend the meeting,to attend
17、 on,be attended to,共 99 页,28,(4)_your studies. 专心你的学习。,Attend to,共 99 页,29,9. expose expose vt. 暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临 When he smiled he exposed a set of perfect white teeth. 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙. expose sth./sb./oneself (to.) 显露或暴露某事物/某人/自己(给) expose ones skin to the sun 使皮肤暴露於阳光下 The baby was left exposed to the
18、wind and rain. 婴儿被离弃於风雨之中. be exposed to 暴露于 exposure n. 暴露，显露；揭露，揭发,共 99 页,30,expose vt.显露；露出；暴露；揭露；使曝光 【用法解读】 expose sth. to sb.向某人揭发。 He exposed their plot to the government expose oneself to sbs influence 使自己受某人的影响。 exposeto“把暴露于之下（之中），使受到作用” be exposed to view暴露无遗，被展示，暴露 be exposed to all kinds
19、 of weather 经受风吹雨打,共 99 页,31,exposed adj. 暴露的，暴露于风雨中的，无掩蔽的 expose sth. to the light of day 把某事暴露于光天化日之下 expose crime, scandal, injustice, fraud, etc 揭露罪行 丑闻 冤假错案 骗局等 * expose a plot, project, plan, etc 揭露阴谋 方案 计划等,共 99 页,32,即学即练3(1)My job as a journalist is to _.我作为记者的职责就是揭露事实。 (2)Dont _ babies _ st
20、rong sunlight. 不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。 (3)Its very dangerous to _ these viruses without any protection. 不加任何保护，直接暴露在这些病毒下是非常危险的。,expose the truth,expose,to,be exposed to,共 99 页,33,10. deadly,adj.极端的，非常的； 致命的，致死的； 非常有效的； 如死一般的a deadly disease 顽症 a deadly remark 击中要害的评论 adv.极其，非常； 死了一样地deadly serious 十分认真,共 9
21、9 页,34,11. cure n. 治愈；痊愈 vt. 治愈；治疗 curable adj. 可治愈的 a cure for. 针对的治疗 cure sb. of sth. 消除某人；治愈某人,共 99 页,35,cure/treat/heal (1)treat指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治病，强调治疗过程，treat sb. for sth.医治某人病；还可作“对待，看待”讲，treat.as把看作/视为。 (2)cure意为“治愈，痊愈”，特别指病后的恢复健康。其后可接表示疾病的名词或代词，也可接sb. of再加表示疾病的名词。另外，还可作“矫正，纠正”解，借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或
22、个人恶习等。 (3)heal意为“治愈”，多用于治愈外伤，如：wound, cut, injury, burn等。,共 99 页,36,应用2 (1)He _ his students as his own children.他把学生看作自己的孩子。 (2)The doctors are trying to _ him with a new drug. 医生们尝试用一种新药为他治病。 (3)His wound is _ over. 他的伤口正在愈合。 (4)The medicine will _ you of your cough. 这药能治好你的咳嗽。 (5)When I left hosp
23、ital I was completely _. 出院时我已完全康复了。,treated,treat,healing,cure,cured,共 99 页,37,即学即练4(1)The doctor cant _ her _ the cancer. 医生治不好她的癌症。 (2)Nothing can _ you _ your bad habits. 没有什么能去掉你的坏习惯。 (3)This is _ SARS. 这是一种新的SARS治疗方法。,cure,of,cure,of,a new cure for,共 99 页,38,拓展：vt.sb. of sth.结构的短语还有： remind sb
24、. of sth.使某人想起某事 suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人(做)某事 rob sb. of sth.抢了某人某物 inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事 warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事 accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事,共 99 页,39,12. outbreak n.,短语 Tornado Outbreak龙卷风爆发；龙卷侠袭击 disease outbreak疾病爆发,共 99 页,40,13. challenge,n. 挑战；怀疑 vt. 向挑战 词根：challenge adj. challenging 挑战的；引起挑战性兴
25、趣的 challengeable 挑战性的 n. challenger 挑战者,共 99 页,41,14absorb vt.吸收，吸进(液体、气体等)；理解，获取(信息)；吸引住某人的注意力或兴趣 absorb water/light/heat (take in) 吸收水/光/热 absorb what sb. said 理解某人所说的话 absorb ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in. 全神贯注于,共 99 页,42,即学即练5(1)Black cloth _ light. 黑色布料吸收光线。 (2)Did you _ everything the
26、 professor said? 教授说的你全部理解了吗？ (3)He _ deep thought. 他陷入沉思。,absorbs,absorb,was absorbed in,共 99 页,43,15suspect vt.怀疑；不信任 n嫌疑犯；可疑对象 suspect sth.怀疑某事 suspect thatclause怀疑 suspect sb. of(doing) sth. 怀疑某人有某种罪行或做过某事 suspect sb. to be.猜想某人是,共 99 页,44,即学即练6(1)I began to _ (that) they were trying to get rid
27、of me. 我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。 (2)They _ him _ murder. 他们怀疑他犯有谋杀罪。 (3)What made you _ her _ having taken the money？你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？ (4)The police arrested the _ yesterday.警方昨天逮捕了那个嫌疑犯。,suspect,suspect,of,suspect,of,suspect,共 99 页,45,16. enquiry,n. 询问，贸易 询盘 短语 enquiry list询价单 Medication Enquiry药物咨询 credit enquiry信
28、用查询,共 99 页,46,17. neighbourhood,n. 邻近；周围；邻居关系；附近一带、附近；街坊；接近=neighbor 邻居 词根：neighbor adj. neighbor 邻近的 neighbour 邻居的；邻近的 neighboring 邻近的；附近的（等于neighbouring） neighborly 睦邻的；友好的；邻居似的、像邻居的；亲切的；睦邻的 vi. neighbor 友好；毗邻而居=neighbour 住在邻近；毗邻；友善 vt. neighbor 邻接=neighbour 邻接,共 99 页,47,18. severe,短语 severe punis
29、hment从重处罚；严厉惩罚 severe weather剧烈天气；风雨交加的天气；恶劣的天气；恶劣天气 severe stress危险应力；巨大的压力 More severe更厉害 severe wind大到飓风；强风,共 99 页,48,19. clue,n. 线索；（故事等的）情节 vt. 为提供线索；为提供情况 短语 context clue上下文线索；上下文；上下文的线索 development clue发展思路,共 99 页,49,20. pump,vt. 打气；用抽水机抽 n. 泵，抽水机；打气筒 vi. 抽水 短语 Oil Pump机 机油泵；机 油泵；机油帮浦；油帮浦 wat
30、er pump水泵；水帮浦；抽水机；水环热泵 charge pump电荷泵；充电泵；进料泵；供给泵 fire pump消防泵；消防水泵；灭火泵,共 99 页,50,21. foresee,Finally, I foresee a day when I can stay at home all day. 最后，当我整天呆在家里时，我都能预见一天会发生什么。,共 99 页,51,22. investigate vt. Vi.,词根：investigate n. investigation 调查；调查研究 adj. investigative 研究的；调查的；好调查的 investigatory 调
31、查的，审查的；研究的，好研究的 investigator 研究者；调查者；侦查员,共 99 页,52,23blame n&vt.责备；责任 blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事 blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for)应(为)承担责任；该(为) 受责备(此处不能用被动语态) accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任 put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人,共 99 页,53,即学即练7(1)He _ m
32、e _ my carelessness. 他责备我的疏忽大意。 (2)Mr Li is not _ the accident. 这次事故不能怨李先生。 (3)Where does _ our failure lie?我们失败的症结在哪里？,blamed,for,to blame for,the blame for,共 99 页,54,24. pollute vt.,短语 white pollute白色污染 Pollute Environment污染环境 词根：pollute adj. polluted 受污染的；被玷污的n. pollution 污染 pollutant 污染物 pollute
33、r 污染者；污染源；污染物质 v. polluted 污染（pollute的过去式和过去分词）,共 99 页,55,25. handle n. Vt. Vi.,n. 把手；柄； vt. 处理；操作；运用；买卖；触摸 vi. 搬运；易于操纵 词根：handle adj. handling 操作的 n. 处理 handled 有把手的；有把柄的 handler 处理者；管理者；拳击教练；（犬马等的）训练者 Please fit a new handle on my case. 请给我的箱子配一个新把手。Do you know how to handle the machine? 你知道这机器应怎样
34、操作吗?You have to press on the handle to turn it,its very stiff. 你必须用力压这个把手，再转动它，它不太灵活了。,共 99 页,56,26. link vt., v. 把与连接；联系。 n. 联系；连接；环The two towns are linked by a railway.这两个乡镇由一条铁路连接起来。 【归纳拓展】与有关；与相连接 表达有 Link with = Linkand.(together) = Link to 如：The bridge links the island with the mainland. 这座桥将
35、该岛和大陆连接起来。His theory is linked closely with the success of our economic reform.他的理论与我们的经济改革的成功紧密联系在一起。 How do you link to it? 你怎样连接到它？ If they like your stuff, they will link to you. 如果他们喜欢你发的东西，会链接你的。 One of the best ways to get my attention is to link to me, or link to some of my content. 想吸引我的注意吗
36、？ 最好的一个方法就是与我建立链接，或者链接到我的目录。,共 99 页,57,27. announce/declare用法 (1)announce宣布；宣告(含有“预告”的意思)，尤其是大家所关心的或有新闻价值的事情的宣布。用announce说个人要做某事，常常含有“郑重其事”的意思。 (2)declare宣布(如公开声明战争、和平、中立、意见等)，用于正式场合。,共 99 页,58,(1)This powerful country _ war on that small country. 这个大国向那个小国宣战。 (2)It was _ that there would be a celeb
37、ration on Sunday.据宣布，星期日要举行庆祝(活动)。,declared,announced,共 99 页,59,Her parents put a lot of effort into getting her _ to a key school Aaccepted Breceived Cadmitted Dannounced 答案：C The headmaster will _ a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon. A. deliver B. address C. announce D. declare
38、答案：A,共 99 页,60,28. certainty,n. 必然；确实；确实的事情 with certainty 确定无疑的 词根：cert s:t n.英国俚语肯定无疑，有把握的事，没问题，确实的事情 adj. certain 某一的；必然的；确信；无疑的；有把握的 certitude 确信；确实 pron. certain 某些；某几个 By certain signs we may presage of heats and rains. 根据某些迹象，我们可以预告酷热和下雨。,共 99 页,61,29. Instruct vt. 指导；通知；命令；教授, sb (in sth) 教授
39、某人学校课目; 传授某人技巧: instruct a class (in history), recruits (in drill), etc 教某班级（历史） 训练新兵（操练）. sb (about sth) give orders or directions to sb 向某人下命令或指示; 指导: instruct sb about his duties 向某人交待其责任 * They havent instructed us where to go. 他们还未指示我们到何处去. *Ive instructed them to keep the room locked. 我已吩咐他们那房
40、间要上锁.,共 99 页,62,30. responsible adj.,adj. responsible rispnsbl 1. 负责的；应负责任的 2. 有责任的；责任重大的 3. 明白是非的；能负责任的 4. 尽责的 5. 可靠的，可信赖的,共 99 页,63,短语 responsible for负责；是原因；作为；对 Each student should be responsible for their own work and ONLY their own work.每个学生应当对自己的课业负责，并且只能是他们自己的课业。 responsible to 向负责The teacher
41、s are responsible to the school administration.教师向学校行政负责。 responsible officer负责人员；项目负责人；或联络有关负责人员 responsible official负责人 responsible government负责任的政府；任政府 Responsible Party责任方；负责者,共 99 页,64,31. construct n. 概念 ，构想 Vt.,vt. 建造，构造；创立 His company recently constructed an office building in downtown . 他的公
42、司最近在市中心建造了一座办公楼。 n. 构想，概念 Website construct网站建设,共 99 页,65,32contribute vt.&vi.作贡献，捐献；投(稿) contribution n. 贡献，捐献，投稿 contributor n. 捐助者；投稿人 contribute to sth. 增加，增添；促成某事 contribute sth. to/towards 给捐献/捐赠 contribute (sth.) to sth. 撰稿；投稿 make a contribution to.为作贡献,共 99 页,66,即学即练8(1)We should _ food and
43、 clothing _ the relief of the poor. 我们应该捐赠食品和衣物救济贫民。 (2)Drink _ his ruin.酗酒促使他毁灭。 (3)The Song Dynasty _ three great inventions _ world civilization. 宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。 (4)He _ an article _ China Daily. 他为中国日报撰写了一篇文章。,contribute,for,contributed to,contributed,to,contributed,to,共 99 页,67,33. apart from,a
44、part from除了以外 拓展take.apart把拆开 tell.apart区分，辨别 set/put apart留出,共 99 页,68,apart from/in addition(to)/as well as/ except/except for/except that/besides apart from 除之外(既可以表示 except或except for，也可以表示 besides) in addition 也；另外；此外；还(相当于副词 besides) in addition to 除以外还(相当于介词 besides),共 99 页,69,as well as 还；既又
45、；也(相当于介词 besides) except (but) 除之外(不包括在内) except for 除之外(强调有美中不足) except that (what/when/where) 除了 besides 除之外 (包括在内)；况且；此外 注意，apart from, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。,共 99 页,70,【高考链接】1.I know nothing about the young ladyshe is from Beijing. (2000年上海高考题)A. except B. except for C. except that D. besid
46、es (答案：C ) 2.The suit fitted him wellthe colour was a little brighter.(2000年上海春季高考题) except for B. except that C. except whenD. besides (答案：B),共 99 页,71,应用4 用上述词或词组填空 (1)I like her _ she is angry. (2)I have read a lot of novels _some short stories. (3)Your composition is very good _ some spelling mi
47、stakes. (4)_， we have a researchoriented program. (5)They all went to sleep _ the little boy.,except when,in addition to/besides/as well as/apart from,apart from/except for,In addition/Besides,apart from/except,共 99 页,72,即学即练11(1)_ the cost, it will take a lot of time.除了花钱以外，还要花很多时间。 (2)I have nothing _ the clothes I am wearing.除了我身上穿的衣服以外，我什么也没有。 (3)The mechanics _ the engine _. 机械师把发动机拆开了。 (4)Its almost impossible to _ Jackie and Moira _ since they had their hair cut. 杰姬和莫伊拉把头发剪了，几乎不可能把她俩区别开来。,
