1、英语中的单词分为九大词性： 1 名词 n. 2 动词 v. 3 形容词 adj. 4 副词 adv. 5 代词 pron. 6 数词 num. 7 冠词 art. 8 介词 prep. 9 连词 conj,词性（类）,名词n.,student, teacher, book，pen, desk, woman, childclass,police, team, family, people chalk, water, air, milk, bread,rice love, peace, power, work, advice,根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，,实义动词 系动词 助动词 情态动词
2、,动词 v.,根据其后是否带有宾语，分为两类：及物动词vt. 、不及物动词vi.。She can dance and sing. （sing在此用作vi。）She can sing many English songs. （sing用作vt。）,实义动词,1）be 2）.起来 look ,feel, smell, sound, taste 3）变化类动词 become, get, turn, go，grow 4）保持类动词 keep, remain, stay, 5）似乎好像类动词 seem, appear,系动词,助动词,协助实义动词构成谓语的词叫助动词。最常用的助动词有： have/has
3、, do/does/did, shall, will, should, would He doesnt like sports.,情态动词,can/could, may/might, must He can speak English well. We must read English loudly.,good, beautiful, important,enough,形容词adj.,用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或事物的性质, 状态,和特征。,副词 adv.,often经常，there那里，very很，slowly慢慢地,修饰或说明动词、形容词或其他副词。说明时间、地点、程度、方式。,代词p
4、ron.代替名词的词, 分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。,I me my mine myself,we us our ours ourselves,you you your yours yourself,you you your yours yourselves,he him his his himself,she her her hers herself,it it its its itself,they them their theirs themselves,_ is older than _. This is _ book. Th
5、e book is _. _ is a pen and _ is a pencilI _washed the clothes something,anything,nothing somebody,anybody,nobody someone, anyone, no one,He,me,her,hers,This,that,myself,数 词num.,（1）基数词表示数量的多少one,two,ten （2）序数词表示数的顺序 first,second, third, twelfth 其前要加上冠词the或代词。,冠词art.,不使用冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,a an,the,零冠词,冠词的 分
6、类,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前 an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,e.g. _book _ egg _ useful book _ underground room_university _ hour,a,an,a,an,the book,the old,a,an,介词 prep.,Please look _ the blackboard.This is a secret _ you and me. Are you interested _ English?,at,between,in,连词 conj.连接词、词组、句子或从句。,连词的分类,并列连词 从属连词,and, but, or,whe
7、n, if, though, because,Homework,Write a self-introduction: name, family,character, hobbies, study,See you next time!,句子成分,主语 谓语 宾语 表语 宾补 定语 状语 同位语,1. I met my best friend Tom at the school yesterday., 主语, 谓 语, 定语, 宾 语, 同位语, 状 语,主语,The classroom is very clean.We study in No.1Middle School of Xidongti
8、ng.,谓语,His parents are doctors. She looks well. The boy played computer games last night. We have learned English for three years. He can speak English well.,表语,在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,was,were) look,sound,feel,smell,taste become,get,turn,go,grow, etc. keep,remain,stay seem,appear,I am a
9、teacher. Time is precious. The apple tastes sweet.,系动词无被动语态.,宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人. The boy sent the girl a bunch of rose., 间接 宾语, 直接 宾语,宾语,I like my job. I love you.,宾语补足语,We make him monitor. I found the book interesting. She asked me to open the door. Please make yourself at home.,定语,Whats
10、your name? He is a clever boy. The boy under the tree is Tom. Do you know the man who is wearing glasses? There is nothing interesting in this book.,状语,用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等. He did his homework carefully. I will be back in two days. They are playing on the playg
11、round. He often goes to school by bike. He was late because he got up late. If you work hard, youll make progress.,（八）同位语,Beijing, the capitial of China, lies in the North of the country. Miss Wang, our English teacher, is very kind. We students should study hard.,英语句子种类,按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He
12、is six years old. She doesnt like sports. 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, cant she? 3）祈使句： Be quiet, boys; Dont talk in class. 4）感叹句： How clever the boy is! What a clever boy he is !,简单句的 五种基本句型,1. I am an English teacher. He looks
13、 happy.高考经常考查的系动词: . be动词 . “变得” _, _, _, _, _. . “看起来”_, “闻起来” _ “尝起来” _“摸起来” _ “听起来”_ . “保持”_, _ ,_ . “似乎好像”_, _,主语+系动词+表语 (S+V+P),get become,turn go grow,look,smell,taste,feel,sound,keep stay remain,seem appear,系动词的用法: (注意2点)+_作表语; 无 _;e.g. The dish _. (尝起来好吃) The story _. (听起来有趣). 1). 这个计划听起来很好。
14、 2). 河里的水摸起来很凉。 3). 他看起来很年轻。,adj.,被动语态,tastes delicious,sounds interesting,2._He works hard.Our money has run out.We are studying at Changde Foreign Language school. He lives in Guangzhou.不及物动词的用法:无 _, 无_ 1). 昨天发生了一场车祸。 2). 奥运会每四年举行一次。 3). 太阳从东方升起,西方落下。 4). 我们班存在一些问题。,主语 + 谓语 +(状语) (S + Vi),宾语,被动语态,
15、3主语 + 谓语 + 宾语：(S+V+O)I love you.She likes doing exercise.We are having an English class.1). 金钱买不到幸福。 2). 我弟弟病了。我得照顾他。 3). 我爱我的家。,4主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语：I teach you English.I bought my mother some flowers.Pass me the book, please. 注：常见可以接双宾语的动词：give给, show给看, pass递给, tell告诉，buy买,bring,teach, 注：间接宾语有时
16、可以改成一个由to或for引导的短语，这在意思上没有什么差别： Ill give you the book tomorrow. Ill give the book to you tomorrow. She made a new dress for Mary. She made Mary a new dress. 1.她给我看了她的新房子。 2.他爸爸给他买了一台新电脑。,5主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语：We called him Tom.We found the movie interesting.I heard a girl crying in the next room.1).
17、 我们选他当班长。 2). 妈妈让Tom打扫房间。,请说出下列句子类型:,1.She knows French. 2.He showed me a new TV set. 3.The gas smells terrible 4.Teachers Day is coming. 5.They wont let me go. .,S+Vi,S+V+O+oC,S+V+O1+O2,S+V+O,S+V+P,基本句型,主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补,Practice: 1. 这个计划听起来很好。 2. 河里的水摸起来很凉。 3. 他看起来很年轻。 4. 昨天发生了一场车祸。 5. 奥运会每四年举行一次。 6. 太阳从东方升起，西方落下。 7.金钱买不到幸福。 8.我弟弟病了。我得照顾他。 9.她给我看了她的新房子。 10.他爸爸给他买了一台新电脑。 11.我们选他当班长。 12.妈妈让Tom打扫房间,
