1、2016 年 6 月英语四级真题 第二套Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）
2、Section ADirections： In this section， you will hear three news reports。 At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions。 Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）， B
3、）， C） and D）。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard。1。 A）The International Labor Organizations key objective。B） The basic social protection for the most vulnerable。C） Rising unempl
4、oyment worldwide。D ）Global economic recovery。2。 A）Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs。B） Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis。C） Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis。D ）Many countries need support to improve their peoples
5、 livelihood。Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard。3。 A）Serve standardized food nationwide。B） Put calorie information on the menu。C） Increase protein content in the food。D ）Offer convenient food to customers。4。 A）They will be fined。B） They will be closed。C） They will get
6、a warning。D ）They will lose customers。Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard。5。 A）Inability to implement their business plans。B） Inability to keep turning out novel products。C） Lack of a successful business model of their own。D ）Failure to integrate innovation into their b
7、usiness。6。 A）It is the secret to business success。B） It is the creation of something new。C） It is a magic tool to bring big rewards。D ）It is an essential part of business culture。7。 A）Its hardworking employees。B） Its flexible promotion strategy。C） Its innovation culture。D ）Its willingness to make in
8、vestments。Section BDirections： In this section， you will hear two long conversations。 At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions。 Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question。 You must choose the best answer from the four choices ma
9、rked A），B ），C ）and D）。 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard。8。 A）Hes got addicted to technology。B） He is not very good at socializing。C） He is crazy about text-messaging。D ）He do
10、es not talk long on the phone。9。 A）Talk big。B） Talk at length。C） Gossip a lot。D ）Forget herself。10。 A）He thought it was cool。B） He needed the practice。C） He wanted to stay connected with them。D ）He had an urgent message to send。11。 A）It poses a challenge to seniors。B） It saves both time and money。C）
11、 It is childish and unprofessional。D ）It is cool and convenient。Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard。12。 A）He wants to change his job assignment。B） He is unhappy with his department manager。C） He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime。D ）He is often singled out for
12、 criticism by his boss。13。 A）His workload was much too heavy。B） His immediate boss did not trust him。C） His colleagues often refused to cooperate。D ）His salary was too low for his responsibility。14。 A）He never knows how to refuse。B） He is always ready to help others。C） His boss has a lot of trust in
13、 him。D ）His boss has no sense of fairness。15。 A）Put all his complaints in writing。B） Wait and see what happens next。C） Learn to say no when necessary。D ）Talk to his boss in person first。Section CDirections： In this section， you will hear three passages。 At the end of each passage， you will hear thre
14、e or four questions。 Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。 After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。Questions 16 to 18 are b
15、ased on the passage you have just heard。16。 A）The importance of sleep to a healthy life。B） Reasons for Americans decline in sleep。C） Some tips to improve the quality of sleep。D ）Diseases associated with lack of sleep。17。 A）They are more health-conscious。B） They are changing their living habits。C） Th
16、ey get less and less sleep。D ） They know the dangers of lack of sleep。18。 A）Their weight will go down。B） Their mind function will deteriorate。C） Their work efficiency will decrease。D ）Their blood pressure will rise。Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard。19。 A）How much you ca
17、n afford to pay。B） What course you are going to choose。C） Which university you are going to apply to。D ）When you are going to submit your application。20。 A）The list of courses studied。B） The full record of scores。C） The references from teachers。D ）The personal statement。21。 A）Specify what they would
18、 like to do after graduation。B） Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying。C） Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject。D ）Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university。Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard。22。 A）It was equipped wit
19、h rubber tyres。B） It was built in the late 19th century。C） It was purchased by the Royal family。D ）It was designed by an English engineer。23。 A）They consumed lots of petrol。B） They took two passengers only。C） They were difficult to drive。D ）They often broke down。24。 A）They were produced on the assem
20、bly line。B） They were built with less costly materials。C） They were modeled after British cars。D ）They were made for ordinary use。25。 A）It made news all over the world。B） It was built for the Royal family。C） It marked a new era in motor travel。D） It attracted large numbers of motorists。Part III Read
21、ing Comprehension （40 minutes）Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with t
22、heir children. Moreover, most adult children _(26)every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the “good old days“, and roost older people do not feel _(27). About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have _(28)contact with thei
23、r children. About 75% of elderly parents who dont go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children. However, _(29)having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families h
24、ave the lowest spirits. This research may be _(30), however, as ill health often makes older people more _(31)and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, _(32)spirits. Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quali
25、ty of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious _(33)they are likely to enjoy each others company. Disagreements on such matters can _(34)cause p
26、roblems. If parents are angered by their daughters divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raising their grandchildren, _(35)are that they are not going to enjoy her visits. A.abandoned B.advanced C.biased D.chances E.commitment F.dampens G.dependent H.distant I.frequent J.ful
27、fillment K.grant L.merely M.provide N.understandably O.unrealisticallySection B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is de
28、rived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization? A For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental and econo
29、mic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilizati
30、on. B I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible. C As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation p
31、uts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will br
32、eak down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states. D States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security, food security and basic social services such as education and healt
33、h care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate. After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists,
34、drugs, weapons and refugees(难民 ), threatening political stability everywhere. E The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008and the threat they pose to food securityhas a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second of the 20th century, grain prices rose dr
35、amatically several times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets. I recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and com prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-drivendrought in
36、the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest. FIn contrast, recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the
37、demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion(转向)of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel. GAs incomes rise among
38、 low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels. A fourth of this years U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars. HWhat about supply? The three environmental trendsthe shortage of fresh water, the
39、 loss of topsoil and the rising temperaturesare making it increasingly hard to expand the worlds grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70%
40、the worlds fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables(地下水位)in countries with half the worlds people, including the three big grain producersChina, India and the
41、U.S. IAs water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, Chinas wheat crop, the worlds largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997. But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in al
42、most every state. JAs the worlds food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes o
43、f increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what
44、 is then left for export. KIn response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countr
45、ies. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order. LSince the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80
46、% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the worlds population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of thesethe distr
47、ibution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families. MFor many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a thir
48、d and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new
49、 security budget.36.The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products. 37.Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages. 38.Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security. 39.Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning. 40.The author has come to agree that food shortages could ulti
