1、Module 2No Drugs,第一板块重点单词1. addict n. 对(药物等)上瘾的人; 瘾君子(1)be/become/get addicted to. . . 沉迷于; 热爱, 迷上(2)addictive adj. (药物等)上瘾的(3)addiction n. 瘾, 入迷, 嗜好,【即时训练】单句语法填空For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an _ (addict). A textaholic(短信控) can be defined as
2、 someone who is _(addict) to sending and receiving messages.,addiction,addicted,The doctor shouldnt give patients some _ drugs. 医生不应该给病人一些使人上瘾的药物。,addictive,【误区点拨】(1)addicted, addiction常与介词to连用, 后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。(2)addicted常修饰人; addictive常修饰物。,2. likely adj. 可能的sb. /sth. be likely to do. . . 某人/某物可能会I
3、t is likely that. . . 很可能,【即时训练】完成句子(2016浙江高考)_ that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe. 可能孩子不是天生就知道宇宙的基本事实。,It is likely/possible/probable,(2016江苏高考)Heavy rains _ cause surface flooding and other disasters. 大雨很有可能会导致地面泛流和其他灾害。,are likely to,Would she mind playing against her
4、 former teammates? 她会介意和以前的队友对垒吗? _. She is willing to play against any tough players. 当然不会。她喜欢与任何强劲的选手比赛。,Not likely,【知识拓展】表示“可能”的另外的两个词的用法It is possible to do sth. /that. . . It is probable that. . .,例如: 他可能明天会完成这项任务。It is likely that he will finish the task tomorrow. He is likely to finish the ta
5、sk tomorrow. It is possible that he will finish the task tomorrow. It is probable that he will finish the task tomorrow. Its possible for him to finish the task tomorrow.,3. affect vt. 影响; 对有坏影响; (疾病)侵袭; 使感动(1)be affected by 被打动; 被(疾病)侵袭be affected with a high fever发高烧(2)effectn. 影响have an effect on
6、 对有影响,【即时训练】完成句子(2016浙江高考)What kind of education can be meaningful to young people _? 对于受到分歧影响的年轻人, 什么样的教育才有意义?,affected by conflict,The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _. 这本书透过那些生活受到影响的人的视角讲述了地震的故事。,whose lives were affected,(2016四川高考)These hormones also _ the heart a
7、nd blood flow. 这些荷尔蒙也对心脏和血流产生积极的影响。It is cold. Be careful not _. 天气特别冷, 当心不要感染流感。,positive effect on,to be affected by flu,have a,【易混辨析】,4. recognise vt. 认识; 认知; 认出; 承认; 认可(1)recognise sb. /sth. by/from. . . 根据认出某人/某物be recognised to be/as. . . 被认作/被认为是recognise+that. . . 承认, 认可It is recognised that
8、. . . 人们公认,(2)recognition n. 认识; 认出out of/beyond recognition 认不出来,【即时训练】完成句子(2016江苏高考)_ Kurt wasnt just trying to make a sale. 我们意识到Kurt并非想要做成这桩生意。,We recognised that,(2015全国卷)James Brindley _one of the leading early canal engineers. James Brindley被认为是早期的主要的运河工程师之一。,is recognised as,My hometown has
9、changed _since I was last here. 自从我上次离开这里以来, 我的家乡已经变得让人认不出来了。,beyond recognition,【知识拓展】表示“认为是”的短语还有: regard. . . as. . . consider. . . as. . . see. . . as. . . view. . . as. . . think of. . . as. . . . look on. . . as. . . treat. . . as. . . think. . . to be. . .,5. reduce vt. 减少; 降低reduce. . . to.
10、. . 把减少到reduce. . . by. . . 把减少了be reduced to. . . 沦落为; 陷入某种状态,【误区点拨】在reduce to/by. . . 中, to后接减少后的总量, 而by后接减少的差额。,【即时训练】介词填空The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放) _ 80 percent by 2050. (2014全国卷)The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced _40 _ 9.,by,from,to,He
11、 did nothing all day long and_ borrowing money to live. (完成句子)他整天无事可做, 沦落到靠借钱过日子的地步。(2016江苏高考)Simple improvements to infrastructure can reduce the spread of disease. 译: 基础设施的简单改善可以_。,was reduced to,减少疾病的扩散,6. ban vt. 禁止; 取缔 n. 禁令(1)ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事ban doing sth. 禁止做某事(2)a ban on . . .
12、 有关的禁令put a ban on禁止,【即时训练】完成句子The government has _ the import of ivory. 政府已经颁布了一条对象牙的进口禁令。,put a ban on,Mark Twain himself wrote that those who_ considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums. 马克吐温自己写道, 那些禁止(出版)这本书的人认为这部小说是垃圾, 仅适合于贫民窟。,banned the book,There is _ increasing the price of
13、 goods by design in Qingdao. 青岛出台了一个新的禁止故意抬高商品价格的禁令。The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK$25, 000 or temporarily banned _ driving. (介词填空),a new ban on,from,【知识拓展】表示“禁止某人做某事”的短语还有: forbid sb. to do sth. 表示“阻止某人做某事”的短语: stop/prevent/keep/discourage sb. from doing sth.,第二板块常考短语句式1. br
14、eak into 破门而入; 强行闯入; 突然起来break away from突然逃脱; 脱离break in打断; 插嘴; 闯入break out爆发; 突然发生break through突围; 突破; 冲垮,break down (身体)垮掉; (机器)出故障; (化学)分解break up破碎; 散开, 解散,【即时训练】单句语法填空One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking _ into action only sure that it will do so sometime. Scientists sa
15、y they are beginning to break _in the fight against cancer.,out,through,If your car break _, just sit tight and wait for the police to come along.,down,完成句子They were discussing something important_. 他们正在谈论重要的事情, 这时突然一名男子闯了进来。,when a man broke in,We arrived at work in the morning and found that Someb
16、ody _ the office during the night. 我们在早晨到达工作地点时发现有人在(前一天)晚上闯进了办公室。,had broken into,【误区点拨】break in和break into都有“闯入”的意思。break in中的in为副词, 为不及物动词短语, 后不跟宾语; break into中的into为介词, 后要跟宾语。,2. give up 戒除; 放弃; 让给; 停止give sth. up to把让给(献给)give away泄露(机密); 暴露; 分发(奖品等)give in屈服, 让步give in to屈服于, 向让步give off发出气味、热
17、、光等,give out用完, 用尽; 分发; 分布give back归还,【即时训练】单句语法填空(2016天津高考)I told her she shouldnt swim after a whole nights coughing, but she refused to give _and insisted she go. (2016四川高考)If you dont want to read it, give it _.,up,back,(2016全国卷)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not g
18、ive up her seat on a bus _ a passenger. (2016北京高考)Universities have given _ to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home. I knew that nothing would ever discourage him; he would never give up _ (want) to be a director.,to,in,wanting,【误区点拨】give up后跟名词、代词、v. -ing形式作宾语,
19、 代词要放在give up的中间。,3. belong to属于belong to两注意(1)belong to中的to为介词, 后主要接名词或代词。(2)belong to不用于进行时态也没有被动形式。作定语时, 一般要用belonging to. . . 。,【即时训练】单句语法填空Some years ago, the group _which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another company. The building _to his family can date back to the last century.,to,belon
20、ging,完成句子(2016全国卷)Think of the people who _. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. 想想那些属于读书小组的人。他们选择书籍读并在一起讨论所读内容。,book groups,belong to,4. I couldnt agree more. 我非常同意/我再同意不过了。(1)cant/couldnt+比较级, 该句型表示“非常; 不能再”, 表达最高级的含义。,(2)表示最高级意义的常用结构还有:,【即时训练】完成句子No one _; he has a heart of g
21、old. 没有人能比他更慷慨大方了, 他拥有一颗金子般高尚的心灵。One _. 活到老学到老。,could be more generous,is never too old to learn,5. _ when you want to smoke-do something else! 当你想抽烟时, 无论你在做什么, (停下来去)找点儿别的事做!,Whatever youre doing,(1)whatever在本句中引导让步状语从句, 其含义相当于no matter what, 意为“不管什么, 无论什么”, 其位置可在主句前, 也可在主句后。(2)whatever还可引导名词性从句, 此
22、时不能换成no matter what。,【即时训练】句型转换No matter what you do, dont be a bystander. =(2016四川高考)_ you do, dont be a bystander.,Whatever,No matter what our circumstances are, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires. =_ our circumstances are, we generally still have dreams, hopes and desires. I will d
23、o a good job in anything that I do. =(2014全国卷)I will do a good job in _ I do.,Whatever,whatever,【知识拓展】“疑问词+ever”小结(1)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性从句, 也可引导让步状语从句, 在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。Whoever (Anyone who) breaks the law should be punished. 任何违法的人都要受到惩罚。,(2)whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter when/where/how。Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 每当我们遇到困难的时候, 他们都会来帮助我们。,(3)however相当于no matter how。句式结构为: however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。However great the difficulties are, we must complete the task in time. 不管困难有多大, 我们都必须及时完成任务。,
